Изявление
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Developmenthistory
Developmentbackground
Intheearly1930s,theJapaneseImperialNavy,whichhadbecomeoneoftheworld’snavalpowers,Britishnavychallenge.InJanuary1934,whenJapanreviseditsimperialdefensepolicy,itofficiallylistedtheUnitedStatesasanimaginaryenemy.In1935,theLondonNavalConferencewasconvened.Japanputforwardanequalrequirementforarmamentconstructionandadvocatedtheestablishmentofacommonmaximumpossessionofallcountriesintheworldto"guaranteemutualsecurity",butitwasopposedbyothercountries.In1936,JapanrefusedtosignthenewLondonNavalTreatyandannounceditswithdrawalfromtheConferenceonDisarmament.InJune1936,JapanonceagainreviseditsnationaldefensepolicyandclearlyproposedaninterceptionstrategyagainsttheUnitedStates.Thatis,theImperialJapaneseNavywasfightingagainsttheUnitedStatesintheWesternPacific.Atthebeginningofthewar,themainforceoftheUSFarEastNavyhadtobeeliminatedandtheUSNavy’sactivitiesweredestroyedorseized.ThebasewillthenusethewaterswestoftheOgasawaraIslandsasthescheduledmaritimebattlefieldtointerceptandannihilatetheU.S.fleetofshipsthatarereinforcedbytheUnitedStates.
TheJapaneseAdmiraltybelievesthattowinthewaragainsttheUnitedStates,battleshipsarestillneeded.However,becauseJapanisacountrywitharelativelyweakindustrialbaseandlackofresources,itisdifficulttocompetewiththeUnitedStatesintermsofthenumberofwarships,andevenlessabletocompetewiththeUnitedStatesNavyintermsofthenumberofwarships.Inaccordancewithitspolicyof"quantityshortageandqualitycompensation"sincetheMeijiera,Japanhasestablishedadevelopmentstrategythatusesthepoweradvantageofasinglebattleshiptooffsettheopponent'squantitativeadvantage.TheJapaneseMinistryoftheNavypredictsthatthewidthofbattleshipsbuiltbytheU.S.Navywillbeequippedwith406mmnavalgunsduetotherestrictionsofthePanamaTreaty.Japanhadtrial-produceda460mmnavalgunasearlyas1916,andmanufactureda480mmnavalgunin1920,andhascertainexperienceinthemanufactureoflarge-caliberartillery.Underthisideologicalguidance,theJapaneseNavybegantopreparetobuildasuperbattleshipequippedwitha460mmcalibermaingun,andtoformamaritimestrikeforcewithbattleshipsasthecore.
История на строителството
През 1932 г. Япония започва да проектира бойни кораби от клас Ямато.
InOctober1934,theJapaneseNavyofficiallyissuedthedesigntaskofanewbattleship,requiring8ormore460mmmainguns,12155mmsecondaryguns,or8200mmsecondaryguns.Withamaximumspeedofmorethan30knots,thehulldefensivearmorcanwithstandtheblowsofitsmaingunsatadistanceof20-35kilometers.
FromMarch10,1935toJuly20,1936,23designsfromA-140toA-140F5weresuccessivelyproposed.Amongthem,theoriginalA-140plan,thenewbattleshiphasanormaldisplacementof69,500tons,alengthof294meters,amainengineoutputof200,000shafthorsepower,amaximumspeedof31knots,andanenduranceof8,000nauticalmiles/18knots.LiketheBritishNelson-classbattleships,thegunsareconcentratedonthefrontdeck.TheJapaneseNavyfinallyadoptedthedesignoftwotriple-mountedmainturretsonthefrontdeckandonetriple-mountedmainturretonthereardeck.Amongthevariousdesignschemesofthenewship,thepowerplantwasoriginallyplannedtouseahybridpowerofasteamturbineandadieselengine.DuetothehighfailurerateoftheJapaneseNavy’sdieselengine-mountedOwhalesubmarinecarrier,theplanwasfinallyabandonedandthefinalA-140F5planwasusedfortheconstructionoftheYamatobattleship(5photos)
Използват се само парни турбиниp>.
През 1937 г. японският флот формулира плана за допълване на въоръжението („Планът за допълнение на корабите 03“, известен още като плана 03) и официално определя изграждането на два бойни кораба от клас „Ямато“ в съответствие с плана A-140F6, а именно „Ямато“ и „Мусаши“. Япония изразходва огромна сума пари за добавяне на нови оборудване за своята корабостроителна индустрия. Той закупи 15 000 тона хидравлични преси (16 000 тона с една дума) и три 70-тонни пещи с отворено огнище от Германия за производство на бронирани стоманени плочи, включително дебелина 650 mm (използвана от главната кула на Ямато) .) Включително големи ковани части.
На 4 ноември 1937 г. започва строителството на кораб №1 в корабостроителницата Kure Naval Factory Shipyard в Kure City, префектура Хирошима. Официалното му име е „Warship Yamato“. („Yamato“ е името на древната васална държава в префектура Нара и означава „Япония“ като Xiangqu).
OnAugust8,1940,theYamatobattleship(abbreviatedas:Yamato)waslaunched.Inordertokeeptheshipunderconstruction,strictconfidentialitycontrolwascarriedout.Theshipyardwassurroundedbysurroundingareaswhereitcouldoverlooktheshipyard.AfterthelaunchoftheYamatoandYamato,theoutfittingprojectbegan.Duringtheentireconstructionprocess,itcost150billionyen(post-warprice),andtheaverageconstructioncostpertonwasabout2millionyen.
Октомври 1941 г. започва пробното плаване на Ямато. На 7 декември 1941 г., деня на избухването на инцидента в Пърл Харбър, пробното плаване на Ямато приключва.
История на службата
На 16 декември 1941 г. Yamato е официално завършен и прехвърлен в японския обединен флот.
OnFebruary12,1942,YamatosucceededthebattleshipNagatoastheflagshipoftheJapanesecombinedfleet.
Рано сутринта на 7 април 1945 г. Ямато е атакуван от американски самолетоносачи в югозападното море на остров Кюшу. Поразен е от 10 торпеда и 24 бомби. Итсанкон Токуношима, югозападно от остров Кюшу, Япония. Северозапад, 128 градуса 04 минути на изток ширина, 30 градуса 43 минути северна ширина.
Технически характеристики
Корабна структура
Корабна структура
ThebowoftheYamatobattleshipisonthewaterlineThepositionisdeepandvertical,theupperpartisobviouslyinclinedforward,andthefrontofthebowisapproximatelysemicircular.ThesphericalbowadoptedbytheYamatoisoneofitsgreatestfeatures.Thissphericalbowislocatedabout3metersbelowthewaterline,andtheseatrialprovedthatthisbowhasobviousadvantages.Duetotheuseofthisnovelbow,thelengthofthewaterlineisreducedbyabout3meters,andthedisplacementissavedbyabout30tons.Atthesametime,thebulbousbowiscombinedwiththegoodlineardesignofthehull,whichmakesthehull'sdragreductionperformanceverygood.Withthemainenginepowerof150,000horsepower,thespeedexceeds27knots.
TheforedeckoftheYamatoisdifferentfromothersimilarwarships.Itsinnerwaistiscurvedandthehulliswider.Atsea,thestabilityofthebattleshiphullactuallyaffectstheshootingaccuracyofthemaingun.Large,butthehullisthickandshort,whichbringsbetterlongitudinalstability.Manyofitsimprovementshavebeenadoptedbylargewarshipsandaircraftcarrierslaterdesignedbycountriesaroundtheworld.
ThereardeckoftheYamatoisalsounique.Behindtherearmaingun,thereareorganicstorage,boatstorage,carrieraircraftrecoveryandlaunchingdevices,etc.Inordertoavoidtheimpactofartilleryshockwaves,hangars,boatgaragesandotherfacilitiesareundertheupperdeck.Thedeckbehindtherearmaingunisanirondeck.Therearetunnel-shapedboathousesonbothsidesoftherearmaingun.Thereartwosidesoftheboathousealsohaveoverhangs,underwhichtherearetracksforthemobileboatcranestoliftandunloadtheboats.Therearupperdeckissunkenatthesternoftheshipfortemporarystorageofcarrier-basedaircraftwhenhoisting,andthereisanopeninginfrontofthesunken,leadingtothehangar.Thehangarinsidetheshipislocatedinthemiddleoftheupperdeckandthemiddledeckinfrontoftherearmaingun.Thefronthalfareacanbeplacedonbothsidesof3fighterplanesand3observationplanes,andcarrier-basedaircraftlaunchersareinstalledonbothsides.TheshapeoftheYamato’ssternissimilartothatofacruiser,exceptthatthereisaflatplaceontherearendofthestern.Theseaplanerecoverydevicewasoriginallyplannedtobeinstalledhere,butitwasnotinstalledforsomereason.
Разпределението на теглото на кораба Yamato е следното: 20 122 тона корпус, 21 266 тона ферма, 1 629 тона защитни плочи, 11 611 тона оръжейни системи, 5 300 тона основно оборудване, 1 756 тона оборудване и 417 тона фиксирано оборудване. фиксирано оборудване, 75 тона меки или педа, 95 тона навигационно и оптично оборудване, 1 108 тона електрическо оборудване, 111 тона самолети, 297 тона бойлерна вода, 212 тона подготвена вода, 4 210 тона тежко гориво, 61 тона флубрикантно масло и 48 тона лек петрол.
Мост
TheYamatohasatotalof2bridges.Thefrontbridgebeforethechimneyisthebattlecommandcenterofthewholeship.ThechimneyAfterthatistherearbridge,whichisthepreparatorycombatcommandpost(whentheartilleryfiresbeforeandafterthesplitfire,italsoservesastherearcommandpost).TheYamatochangedthesituationthatthebridgesoflargebattleshipsweretoolarge,startingfromtherealityofnavalbattles,andappearedveryconcise.Thesideareaofthebridgeis310squaremeters,butthefrontalareaisonly159squaremeters,whichisonlyhalfofthesidearea,andthewindresistanceisrelativelysmall;itadoptsadoublecylindricalstructurewithvariouslinesandpipesintheinnertubeandbetweentheinnerandoutertubes.Therearevariousspecialchambersinthemezzanine,anddevicesrelatedtocommandanddetectionarearrangedaroundtheoutercylinder.Inordertoreducetheimpactofshockwaves,therearefewopeningsontheoutsideofthebridge,andtheshapeofthebridgeisclosedandtidy.
ThetopofYamato’sfrontbridgeisequippedwithamaingunobservatory/maingunfiringcommandpost,abuilt-in98-typeazimuthplate,aperiscopetelescopeonthetop,anda15-meterrangefinderunderit.Belowthemaingunfiringcommandpostistheairdefensecommandpost.Anumberofhigh-colorbinocularsareinstalledaroundtheprotectiverotatingplateonthetopopendeck.Belowtheairdefensecommandpostisthedaytimecombatbridge,alsoknownasthefirstbridge.Thefrontandsideshaveairregulatingboardsandprotectivedevices.Usually,thecommanderandstaffofthefleetcommanderandhisheadquarters,captain,etc.directthebattlehere.Thenextflooristhewarroomandthecaptain’slounge.Thefollowingaretheupperobservationpost,thecompassroom(thatis,thenightbattlecommandpost),thelowerobservationpost(thesecondchartroom),andthecommandtower(actuallyacommunicationchannel,thatis,thecommunicationtube),etc.
Защита
ThearmorbeltofYamato,accordingtothedesignrequirementsofbattleships,canwithstandthearmorofitsown460mmmaingunat20～Shellingatadistanceof30kilometers.Thisclassofshipistheheaviestarmoredtypeintheentirebattleshiphistory.Thearmorbelthasbeenstrictlydesignedandprocessed,andithasagoodbullet-proofappearance.Thefrontalprotectiveshieldoftheship’smainturretis650mmthick,whichisthethickestironarmoreverseenintheworld’smilitaryhistory.The410mmsidearmorofthisclasshasaninclinationof20degrees(inclinedtotheinside).Thesidearmorinclinationisthelargestamongbattleships.The230mmarmorattheedgeofthemiddeckoftheYamatoalsohasaninclinationof7degrees.TheinclineddesignimprovestheresilienceofYamato'sarmor.TheYamato’sentireship’sarmorwasdeployedtoprovidekeyprotectionforthecommandtower,turret,mainengineandammunitiondepot;topreventaircraftbombingandlong-rangeartillerybattlesfromfallingatalargeangle,thedeckofimportantpartsoftheshipwasfurtherstrengthened.Atthesametime,inordertoreducetheweightoftheentireshipandensuretherotationspeedoftheturret,thedefensedesignoftheship’ssecondarygunisrelativelyweak.Itsturretarmoris25mm.)
Itcanonlydefendagainstshrapnelandnearmissingbullets.Theturretbaseofthesecondarygunuses75mmthickalloycopperarmortoprotecttheaccesstotheammunitiondepot.Twosub-turretswithweakdefensivecapabilitiesinstalledonthecenterlineoftheship’shullareadjacenttothemainturret.Theammunitionstorageistooclose.Oncethedamageishit,itwilleasilyspreadtothemainartilleryammunitionstorage.Thisisanobviousdefect.Thestrengtheningofprotectivemeasuresonlystrengthenedtheprotectionoftheammunitiondepot.Inordertopreventmineandtorpedoattacks,thebottomoftheYamatoclassusesathree-layerbottom.Atthesametime,inordertoimprovethesinkingresistance,theshipwasdividedinto1,147watertightcompartments.Thetorpedo-proofdesignoftheYamato-classhullisnotscientific,andthisisalsoamajorreasonforthesubsequentsinkingoftheYamato.Thecriticalpartsoftheship'sammunitioncompartment,mainengine,boilercompartment,etc.areconcentratedinthedefensivezoneprotectedbyheavyarmorbeltsinthemiddleofthewarship(extendingfromthefrontendofthefrontmainguntotherearendoftherearmaingun).Thesidearmorofthedefensivezoneextendsfromthemidshipwaterlinetothebottomofthebattleship.Thethicknessofthemainarmorbeltattheupperwaterlineis410mm,andthethicknessofthesidestrakebelowthemainarmorbeltis75-200mm(Decreasefromtoptobottom).Thearmoratthetopofthedefensivezoneislaidonthemiddeckofthebattleshipwithathicknessof200-230mm.Thefrontandrearendsofthedefensivezoneareprotectedby270-350mmthickarmoredwalls.
| Защитна броня | ||
| Главен бронепояс | Под средната палуба | 410mm(135mmhardenedlayer) |
| Camberangle | 20° | |
| палуба | горна палуба | td>35~55 мм | < /tr>
| Средна палуба | 200 mm | tr>|
| кула | отпред | 650 мм |
| Отстрани | 250 mm | |
| Отгоре | 270mm | |
| Cannonmount | 560 mm | |
| Дъно | 250 mm | |
| Преграда за боеприпаси | Отгоре | 270mm |
| Дъно | 50~80mm | |
| Наклон< /td> | 25° | |
| машинно помещение, котелно помещение | горе | 200mm |
| Додъното на кораба | 75~90mm | Наклон | 14° |
Енергийна система
Бойният кораб Yamato е оборудван с 12 котела, 4 парни турбини, максимална издръжливост от 7200 морски мили/16 възела и максимален товар от 6400 тона тежко гориво.
TheYamatousesamaturetechnologysteamturbineinthedesign,sothattheshipcanreachaspeedof27knots.
Inordertoimprovethemaneuverability,Yamatoadoptedsemi-balancedrudder,whichisconfiguredfrontandrear,andthedistanceis15meters.).Thelargerearrudderisthemainrudder;thesmallfrontrudderistheauxiliaryrudder.Duetothelargeinertiaoftheship,itisdifficulttosteerwithonlytheauxiliaryrudder,whichassiststhemainrudder.Therearefacilitiessuchasbatteries,dieselengines,andhydraulicpumpsinthesteeringgearroomwiththickdeckprotection.Themainruddercanstillworkevenwhenthepowersupplyiscutoff.
TheYamatousesasinglechimney,andtheflueofeachboileriszigzagbackwards,connectingwithacertainpartofthechimney.Thechimneyisalsotiltedbackasfaraspossibletoavoidsmokeexhaustaffectingthebridgework.Inordertoensurethesafetyoftheopeningofthechimneyoftheshiphull,ahoneycombpanelisinstalledattheopening,whichis380mmthickandhasmanyventswithadiameterof180mm.Inaddition,50mmthickprotectionisinstalledontheslopeandsideofthechimney.Thesafetyofdecksandchimneyshasbeenimproved.
WeaponSystem
MainGun
TheYamatobattleshipisequippedwiththreetriple-mountedType9445-timesdiameter460mmnavalguns(Atotalof9),ofwhichtwotriple-mountedturretsarearrangedonthefrontdeck,andonetriple-mountedturretisarrangedonthereardeck.Atthattime,theJapanesenavykeptsecretthecaliberofthemaingun.ItwascalledtheType94400mmgunwithacaliber45timesthelengthofthegun.Theactualsizewas460mm.Thegunbodyweighs165tons.Thetotalweightofthethreeartilleryinaturretis1,720tons.Withtheweightoftheturretarmor(790tons)andammunition,thetotalweightoftherotationpartofasingleturretis2,774tons,whichisequivalenttotheJapaneseNavy'sAutumnMoonclass.Thedisplacementofthedestroyer.
TherearoftheYamatomainturretisequippedwitha93-type15-meterbaselinerangefinder(equippedwithagyro,whichcanmaintainstabilitywhensailing),andperiscopesightsareinstalledinthefrontofbothsidesoftheturretandinthefrontofthetop..Thepitchangleoftheturretis+45degreesto-5degrees.Whentheartilleryisloadedwithshells,itisfixedat+3degrees,thepitchspeedis8degreespersecond,andtheturretrevolvesfor3minutes.Thefiringspeedisthreevolleysin2minutes,1.8roundsperminute;thebasenumberofshellsis100roundspergun,eachroundweighs1.5tons,andeachroundhasachargeof330kilograms.Theraisingspeedis6secondsperround,andthereloadingismechanized.
460-милиметровата морска оръдия на Ямато е оборудвана с три типа
Вътрешната структура на основната оръдия на бойния кораб Yamato (2 снимки)
Theshellsare91typearmor-piercingshells,3typepairsAirbombsandhigh-explosivebombs.TheType91armor-piercingprojectileweighs1,460kg(33.85kgofbuilt-inexplosives),hasafiringpressureof32kg/mm2,muzzlevelocityof785meterspersecond,andamaximumrangeof42050meters(45degreeselevationangle).Themaingunhasarangeof40,700metersatanelevationof40degrees,35826metersat30degrees,27916metersat20degrees,and16,843metersat10degrees.TheweightoftheType3anti-aircraftandthehigh-explosiveprojectileis1360kg,andthemuzzlevelocityisalso805m/s.Forcombatingunarmoredtargetsandperformingshorebombingmissions.WhentheYamato’s9maingunsfiredatoneside,therecoilforcereached8,000tons,andtheshockwavewasalsoverystrongduringlaunch.TheJapaneseshipdesigndepartmentaimedtoreducetheshockwave
155 mmnavalgun3Dmap (4 снимки)
,theliftingandventsarecentrallyarrangedbehindthewindshieldinfrontoftherearmaingun,whichcanmakethedeckinfrontoftherearmaingunlookcleanandsimple,andVentilatorscanbeusedtoreducetheimpactofthemaingunshockwave.Theshellsfiredafterthethree-unitmaingunsalvosofteninterferewitheachotherinflightandaffecttheshootingaccuracy.Previously,thisproblemwasgenerallysolvedbyalternatelyfiringthemiddleartillerywiththetwosideartillery,andYamatoinstalledacannonlaunchdelaydeviceonthemainguntodelaythelaunchtimeofthemiddleartillerycomparedtothetwosideartillery.From3/1000secondsto5/1000seconds,soastoensurethatthethreemaingunscanfireatthesametime.SecondaryArtillery
Вторичната артилерия на Ямато използва четири тройно монтирани оръдия с 60 пъти диаметър 155 мм, общо 12, четири оръдия
Хидроплан Yamato Battleship (5 снимки)
Thetowerswereinstalledonthefrontandrearofthesuperstructureandonbothsidesofthesuperstructure,andtwotowerswereremovedafterthefinalmodification.Others
Yamato е оборудван и с 12 двойно монтирани 127 mm морски оръдия, общо 24 (6 от които са прочетени след модификация); 45 тройни монтирани, 21 единични 25 mm морски оръдия, общо 156; две двойно монтирани 13,2 mm картечници, общо 4 оръдия. Освен това има 7 корабни самолета .
Данни за ефективност
Ширина на кораба
65 000 тона
69 000 тона (пробно изпитание)
12 котли, 4 парни турбини, изходна мощност на основния двигател 153 000 конски сили (заден ход 45 000 конски сили ), 6400 тона фойла
Триместен троен комплектТип9445×диаметър460мм морски оръдия,общо 9 оръдия
Четири тройно монтирани 60×диаметър 155 мм морски оръдия, общо 12 оръдия (2 демонтирани след модификация)
12Има 24 двойно монтирани 127 mm морски оръдия (6 от които са прочетени след модификация)
45-местни тройни монтирани, 21-местни единични монтирани 25 mm морски оръдия, общо 156
Две двойно монтирани 13,2 мм картечници, общо 4
7 самолета на превозвача (6)
Динамика на обслужването
През юни 1942 г. Yamato участва в битката за Midway като флагман на комбинирания флот. Флотът на бойните кораби и флотът на самолетоносачите бяха използвани поотделно.
На 17 август 1942 г. Ямато отпътува отново. Мисията трябваше да подкрепи операциите срещу Соломоновите острови. Въпреки това, след като корабът пристигна на островите Трък, Ямато влезе във военноморската битка на Райт Бейн (5 снимки)
wasonlystationedintheportanddidnotparticipateinactualcombat.OnFebruary11,1943,Yamato’ssistershipMusashisucceededYamatoasthenewflagshipofthecombinedfleet.OnMay8th,YamatoleftTrukandreturnedtoWugangtodockforrepairsfor3months,andthenreturnedtoTrukonAugust23.Inthefollowingdays,theshipwasassignedtogotosomeislands.TheJapanesearmydeliveredsuppliesandreplenishedsoldiers.
OnDecember25,1943,theYamatowasattackedbyatorpedofromanAmericansubmarinenearTruk.The165thribonthestarboardsideofthebattleship(neartheNo.3mainturret)washitbyatorpedo.Theimpactoftheexplosioncausedthearc-shapedstructureoftheship'ssidesupportarmorplatetopenetratethelongitudinalsidewallofthewatertightcompartmentforthedefensiveshrapnel.Themachineryroomandthegunpowderstorewerefloodedwithabout3,000tonsofwater.ThedamagedYamatowasevacuatedfromthecombatarea.
OnJanuary16,1944,YamatoreturnedtoWugangagainfordockingandrepair,addingalayerofsteelplatewitha45-degreeinclinationandathicknessof6mminthewaterproofareabelowitssidewaterline.,Toincreaselightningprotectionperformance.Atthesametime,modificationwascarriedouttoimprovetheairdefensecapability.Thetwo155mmturretsonthesideofthebattleshipwereremoved,and6additionaloneswereinstalled.
Потъването на "непотопяемия" Ямато (9 снимки)
127 mm twin С противовъздушни оръдия, броят на 25 mm mantial въздушни оръдия се е увеличил до 98. В същото време корабът също е оборудван с радар за противоморско предупреждение № 22 и радар за противовъздушно предупреждение № 13.През юни 1944 г. Ямато участва в битката за Мариана.
OnOctober22,1944,asthecoreoftheKuritafleet,theYamatowasattackedbyBruneitoexecutethebattleplanoftheCzechRepublicandparticipateintheBattleofWrightBay.
OnOctober24,1944,YamatoenteredtheSibuyanSeanortheastofWrightIslandandwasattackedbyaircraftcarrier-basedaircraftoftheUSNavy's3rdFleet.Duringthebattle,theYamatowashitbyabombontheforedeckbyanAmericanplane,andtheship'shullwasdamagedintheportanchorlockroom,causingalotofwatertoenter.
OnNovember18,1944,hedepartedfromBruneitoreturntothemainlandonthe24thandarrivedinWugangfordockingrepairandmodification.OnNovember24,1944,theYamatoreturnedtoKurePort,Japan.
OnMarch26,1945,theU.S.ArmybegantolandonOkinawa.Japanattemptedtodispatchafleetofsurfaceships,includingtheYamato,tosupportJapaneseoperationsinOkinawa.OnApril5,theJapaneseMilitaryCommandformallyissuedthe"OperationTenOne"orderfortheYamatotocommitsuicideoperations.OnApril6,10warshipsoftheSecondFleetwithYamatoasitsflagshipwereintheItoSeiichiNavy.Underthecommandofthegeneral,setsailfromtheTokuyamaanchorageinthewesternpartoftheSetoInlandSea.
At12:31onApril7,1945,thefirstattackwaveoftheU.S.Navy’s58taskforcefocusedonattackingtheportsideoftheYamato.4bombsfellneartheNo.3mainturret,2ofwhichA225kgbombpenetratedtherearmaindeckandexploded,destroyingthe155mmsecondaryartilleryandthereservefiringcommandpostattherearofthebattleship.At12:43,atorpedohitthefrontportside.At13:37,threetorpedoeshitthemiddleoftheportsideofthehull.Almostatthesametime,becausea450-kilogramaerialbombdestroyedthedrainvalve,makingtheshipunabletoperformdrainageoperations,thecaptainorderedasymmetricalinjectionofwatertothestarboardcompartmenttorestorethebalanceofthehull,andthespeeddroppedto18knots.At13:44,twotorpedoeshitthemiddleoftheportside,increasingthelefttiltto15-16degrees,whichmadetheship’slarge-caliberantiaircraftgunsunusable.At14:01,threeU.S.aircraftbombshitthemiddleoftheportside.At14:07,atorpedoalsohitthestarboardribofNo.150.At14:12,theYamatowashitbytwotorpedoesinthemiddleandrearoftheportside,andthehulltilted16-18degrees.Sincethestarboardinjectionanddrainageareahasbeenfilledwithwater,watercanonlycontinuetobeinjectedintothemachineryroom,restroomandboilerroom.At14:15,anotherminehittheportsideandthespeedgraduallyreducedto7knots.Thecaptainwasforcedtoissueanabandonmentorder.At14:23,themainartilleryammunitiondepotexplodedandsank.Thecommanderofthe2ndFleet,LieutenantGeneralItoSeiichi,andthethenCaptainYugaYusakuOsaatthetime,had2498survivorsofthe2498deadandonly269(therewerealso7commandersrescued).).
Обща оценка
Въпреки че бойният кораб Yamato е мощен, той съвпада с времето, когато статусът на бойния кораб като боен кораб започна да бъде заменен от самолетоносачи и Японско море
ЯматоБоен кран (4 снимки)
Thearmyregardeditasthetrumpcardofthefinalbattle.Thecombinedfleetcouldnotbeusedwithoutpermissionandrarelyplayed.Asaresult,theYamatolackscombatexperienceandburiedhiddendangersforsubsequentoperations.Itssinkingwasannounced.ThedestructionoftheJapanesenavyalsoannouncedtheendoftheeraofgreatartilleryships.The3triple460mmmaingunsoftheYamatobattleshipcanpenetratethemainarmorbeltofanybattleshipintheworld.Themainarmoris410mmthick.Itwashitby2torpedoesorseveralheavyaerialbombsatthesametime.Itwillnotaffectthebattle.Themaximumspeedreaches27knots,andtheconstructioncostisequivalentto3Feilong-classaircraftcarriersor1.6Xianghe-classaircraftcarriers.
Thelarge-scaleindustrialresourcesrequiredfortheconstructionofYamato-classbattleshipsnotonlyexceededJapan’seconomicstrengthatthetime,butalsolimitedthenumberofbattleshipsthatcouldbebuilt.TheJapanesenavy'sdeliberatepursuitofthedisplacementofthisclassofshipshasreachedthepointwheredesignersaredeeplyrestrained.Thiskindofgiantbattleshipwithalargedraftneedstoprovidedeep-wateranchoragesandspecialdocks,whichweakenitsdeploymentflexibility,andthisabilityisactuallyoneofthemostimportantadvantagesofbattleships.
ThemodificationoftheYamato-classbattleship'sairdefensereinforcementwascompletedin1945.Beforethemodification,exceptforits155mmsecondaryguns,theentireship’sairdefensecapabilityonlyreliedonsixtwin127mmguns.And825mmcannons.DuetothebackwarddesignandproductionofJapan’sownanti-aircraftartillery,thedesignofthelong-rangeandshort-rangefirepowercannotbematched,andthereisnoradar-guidedairdefensefirenetwork..
Въпреки че бойният кораб от клас "Ямато" има огромен тонаж, действителната му бойна защита, огнева мощ и комуникационни способности за разузнаване са по-ниски от сравнително малките западни бойни кораби. (ThreeSeasandOneNuclearScienceNetwork,GlobalNetwork,"ModernShips",Chi neseMilitaryNetworkReview)