Класификация на професията
Мрежовите администратори са администратори в търговски доставчици на интернет услуги, достъпни за обществеността."Управление на мрежата" е много неясно понятие, което може просто да се раздели на:
Networkadministrator:responsiblefornetworkarchitecturedesign,installation,andconfiguration.Themainpersonnelareemployeesofmostsystemintegrationcompanies.
Systemadministrator:Responsiblefortheinstallation,configuration,andoperationofthenetworkserver.ThemainpersonnelarethesystemadministratorsoftheITheadquartersoflargecompanies.
Clientadministrator(desktopsupport):Responsibleforsolvingend-userproblems,suchasreinstallingtheclient,solvingproblemssuchasinabilitytoaccesstheInternet,andvirusesinthemachine.ThemainpersonnelareITadministratorsofsmallcompaniesandnetworkadministratorsofInternetcafes..
Длъжностни отговорности
Управление на инфраструктурата
(1)Осигурява безпроблемна мрежова комуникация и предаване;
(2)MastertheconfigurationofbackboneequipmentCircumstancesandconfigurationparameterchanges,backuptheconfigurationfilesofeachdevice;
(3)Equipthebackboneequipmentrunningthecriticalbusinessnetworkwithcorrespondingbackupdevicesandconfigurethemashotbackupdevices;
(4)Responsibleforthemanagementofthenetworkwiringdistributionframetoensurethatthewiringisreasonableandorderly;
(5)Graspthestatusoftheclientequipmentaccessingthenetwork,sothatyoucanquicklylocatetheproblemwhenyoufindit;
(6)Taketechnicalmeasurestomanagethesituationwhereusersoftenneedtochangelocationanddepartmentinthenetwork;
(7)Mastertheconnectionconfigurationwiththeexternalnetwork,andsuperviseNetworkcommunicationstatus,contactrelevantagenciesintimeafterdiscoveringproblems;
(8)Real-timemonitoringoftheoperationoftheentirelocalareanetworkandnetworkcommunicationtrafficconditions;
(9)DevelopandpublishnetworkfoundationsFacilitiesusemanagementmethodsandsupervisetheirimplementation.
Operatingsystemmanagement
(1)Afterthenetworkoperatingsystemisconfiguredandputintonormaloperation,inordertoensurethenormaloperationofthenetworkoperatingsystem,thenetworkadministratorshouldfirstbeabletousethesystemproficientlyProvidevariousmanagementtoolsoftware,real-timesupervisetheoperationofthesystem,findanddealwithfaultsignsintime.
(2)Duringthenetworkoperation,thenetworkadministratorshouldkeepabreastofthenetworksystemconfigurationandconfigurationparameterchanges,andbackuptheconfigurationparameters.Networkadministratorsshouldalsodynamicallyadjustsystemconfigurationparameterstooptimizesystemperformanceinaccordancewithchangesinthesystemenvironment,businessdevelopmentneeds,anduserneeds.
(3) Мрежовият администратор трябва да създаде горещ архив
systemforthekeynetworkoperatingsystemservertopreparefordisasterprevention.
Applicationsystemmanagement
(1)Ensuretheuninterruptedoperationofvariousnetworkapplicationservicesandthegoodperformanceofthework.Intheeventofafailure,thelossandimpactcausedbythefailureshouldbecontrolledWithintheminimumrange.
(2)Forcriticalnetworkapplicationsystemsthatrequireuninterruptibility,inadditiontomasteringandbackingupsystemparametersinsoftwaremeans,andregularlybackingupsystembusinessdata,itisnecessarytoestablishandConfigurethehotbackupofthesystem.
(3)Fornetworkapplicationserviceswithhighuseraccessfrequencyandsystemload,networkadministratorsshouldalsotakesharedtechnicalmeasureswhennecessary.
Управление на потребителски услуги
(1)Отваряне и закриване на потребителски акаунт;
(2) Настройване и управление на потребителска група;
(3)Authoritymanagementandquotamanagementoftheservicesandresourcesavailabletousers;
(4)Управление на таксуването на потребителите;
(5)Includingtechnicalsupportservicesforusers’desktopnetworkedcomputersAnduser-sidesupportservicesforusertechnicaltrainingservices.
Управление на сигурността и поверителността
(1) Сигурността и поверителността са два аспекта на един и същи проблем. Сигурността се отнася основно до предотвратяване на външни атаки и прониквания в мрежата.
Confidentialitymainlyreferstopreventingtheleakageofinformationinsidethenetwork.
(2)Forordinary-levelnetworks,themaintaskofthenetworkadministratoristoconfigureandmanagethesystemfirewall.Inordertobeabletodetectandpreventnetworkhackerattacksintime,anintrusiondetectionsystemcanbeaddedtoprovidesecurityprotectionforkeyservices.
(3)Fornetworksthatrequirehighlevelsofsecurityandconfidentiality,networkadministratorsshouldnotonlytaketheabove-mentionedmeasures,butalsobeequippedwithanetworksecurityvulnerabilityscanningsystem,andtakedisasterrecoverytechniquesforkeynetworkservers.
(4)Amorestringentsecret-relatedcomputernetworkalsorequiresabsoluteisolationfromexternalpubliccomputernetworks.Securitymeasuresmustbetakenfortheroomswheresecret-relatednetworkcomputersandnetworkbackboneequipmentareplaced,andmanagementandTocontroltheentryandexitofpersonnel,theworkingconditionsofsecret-relatednetworkusersmustbefullymanagedandmonitored.
Управление на резерва на информация
(1) Вземете всички възможни технически средства и мерки за управление, за да защитите сигурността на информацията в мрежата.
(2)Forsystemsanddatathatdonotrequirehighlevelsofreal-timework,atleastnetworkadministratorsshouldalsoperformregularmanualbackups.
(3)Forkeybusinessservicesystemsanddataandinformationwithhighreal-timerequirements,networkadministratorsshouldestablishastoragebackupsystemforcentralizedbackupmanagement.
(4) И накрая, много е важно резервното копие на данните да се съхранява на сигурно място по всяко време.
Управление на компютърна зала
(1) Овладейте окабеляването на комуникационния кабел за данни в компютърната зала, осигурете разумно окабеляване при добавяне или премахване на оборудване и удобно управление и поддръжка;
(2)Inchargeofthepowersupplylinearrangementofequipmentinthecomputerroom,payattentiontothereasonableconfigurationoftheloadwhenaddingorreducingequipment;
(3)Managethetemperature,humidityandventilationconditionsofthenetworkcomputerroomtoprovideasuitableworkingenvironment;
(4)Осигуряване на нормална работа на различно оборудване в мрежовата компютърна зала;
(5) Уверете се, че мрежовата компютърна зала отговаря на изискванията за противопожарна безопасност, наблюдение на пожарни аларми
Thesystemisworkingproperlyandthefirefightingmeasuresareeffective;
(6)Takemeasurestoensurethesafeoperationofnetworkequipmentunderunattendedconditionswhentheexternalpowersupplyisunexpectedlyinterruptedandrestored;
(7)KeepthecomputerroomcleanandcleanInordertorecordtheoperationlogofthenetworkcomputerroomontime,formulatethenetworkcomputerroommanagementsystemandsupervisetheimplementation.
Други
(1)Сътрудничи с други отдели при изграждането на всички локални мрежи на отдела и предлага планове и стандарти.
(2)Сътрудничете на отдела по сигурността за събиране на доказателства за лошо поведение в мрежата.
(3) Осъзнайте обратната връзка с услугата на мрежовия център и навреме докладвайте информацията за работата на мрежата.
Професионално позициониране
На първо място, администраторите на компютърни мрежи са професия, която „съществува и след това се дефинира“.
Computernetworkadministrator(abbreviatedasnetworkadministrator)isaboomingandemergingprofession.Injustafewyears,ithasbecomeamust-havejobpositioninmostcompanies,andithasalsobecomeayearningformanyyoungpeople.Occupation.Networkadministratorsarealsoa“pre-existingandthendefining”profession.Thelaggingprofessionalstandardsofnetworkadministratorsandthelackoftraditionaleducationhavemadesociety
generallyhavemanydoubtsaboutthisprofession,whetheritisajobsearchThefollowingquestionsexistforemployersandemployers:Whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatspecificworkdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtodo?Whatarethenecessaryskillsasanetworkadministrator?Howtotrainqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrators?For"networkadministrators"practitioners,howdotheyacquirerelevantknowledgeandskills?
Secondly,networkadministratorsmustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning.
Lifelonglearningistheterminatoroftheconcept,system,structure,andorganizationoftraditionaleducation.Itsvalueconceptisderivedfromthecurrentsituationoftheexplosionofknowledgeandtherapidincreaseofinformationincontemporarysociety,andithasbecomeanewwayoflifeinmoderntimes.Intraditionalknowledgeeducation,thereisnoprofessionalsettingfornetworkadministrators.Inaddition,teachingthatemphasizestheorycannotmeettherequirementsofworkthatemphasizeshands-onability.Practitionerscanonlymeettheneedsoftheirpositionsbyconstantlylearningandexploringatwork;ontheotherhand,ITtechnologyisundoubtedlyoneofthemostrapidlydevelopingtechnologiesinthisera,anditspopularityandapplicationspeedisalsounparalleled.Thisrequiresthat"networkadministrators"mustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning,learnandmasterthelatestandmostpracticaltechnologiesthroughvariouschannelssuchasparticipatingintraining,self-study,andcommunication,andbuildandimprovetheirowntechnicalsystem.
Finally,whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatskillsdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtomaster?
Accordingtothebusinessnatureandscaleofenterprises,thejobrequirementsofnetworkadministratorsarealsoquitedifferent.Companieswithlarge-scaleITinformationsystemshaveafinerdivisionoflabor.Networkadministratorsmayonlyneedtoberesponsibleforthenetworkoperationandmaintenanceofthecomputerroom;whilesomesmallcompanieshaveonlyonenetworkadministrator,andhe(she)maynotonlyberesponsiblefortheoperationandmaintenanceoftheITsystem.Inadditiontotheequipmentmanagementofthecompany,itisalsoresponsiblefornetworkmanagementandsystemmanagement,andsomecompaniesneednetworkadministratorstodosomesimplewebsiteconstructionandwebpageproduction.
Inshort,therequirementsfornetworkadministratorsarebasicallylargeandcomprehensive.Theydon'tneedtobeproficient,buttheyhavetounderstandeverything.Therefore,tosumup,aqualifiednetworkadministratorisbesttohavesolidtheoreticalknowledgeandapplicationskillsinthesixaspectsofnetworkoperatingsystem,networkdatabase,networkequipment,networkmanagement,networksecurity,andapplicationdevelopment.Tobehandy,withease.
Prerequisiteskills
TheSunSolaris10operatingsystemcertificationnetworkadministratorexamisforcandidateswhohavemorethanthreeyearsofmanagingSunsystemsinanetworkedenvironmentornetwork,andmusthavepassedTheSunCertifiedSystemAdministratorexamisrequiredtotakethisexam.Thiscertificationexamexamineswhethercandidateshavein-depthmasteryofnetworkmanagementskills,suchastheknowledgecoveredintheSA-300-S10courseware.Theexamincludesmultiplechoicequestions,situationalquestions,drag-and-dropquestions,andrequirescandidatestohaveawiderangeofknowledgeinSolarisnetworkmanagement,includinghowtoconfigureandmanagethenetworkinterfacelayer,network(internetlayerandtransportlayer),networkapplicationsandSolarisIPfilter.
Linuxiscurrentlyoneofthemostcompetitiveoperatingsystems.TheChinesegovernmenthastakenthedevelopmentofLinuxasastrategytopromotethedevelopmentofChina’sindependentoperatingsystem.Turbolinux(China)EducationandTrainingCenteristhefirstdomesticinstitutiontoofficiallycarryoutLinuxtraining.Ithasagroupofhigh-qualityLinuxexperts.TheyarenotonlythebestinLinuxtechnology,butalsogoodattranslatingesoterictruthsandcomplexconceptstotheeasiestExplaintostudentsinanunderstandingway.
Управлението на потребителите, независимо дали е UNIX или NT, е първото за управление на потребителите. Asanovice, първо трябва да схванете операциите по добавяне, изтриване и ограничаване на потребители. Това включва два аспекта:
Oneistolearntouseafriendlygraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolset,intheSUNSolarissystemisthe/usr/bin/admintoolstoolsetintheOpenwinenvironment;usedinSCOUNIXSysadmshmanagementShellisusedtomanageusers;inNovellsystem,usersandusergroupscanbeadded,deleted,andrestrictedsettingscanbecompletedbyusingtheSysconmenu.Forthesamebatchmanagementofmultipleusers,usethemakeusranduserdefutilitiestoDo;inNT,usethedomainusermanagementtoolorusermanagementtoolunderthemanagementtool(common)groupintheprogramgroup.Usingthesetools,youcancreate,delete,lock,andrestrictpermissionsforusersverysimplyandclearly.TheusergroupmanagementunderNTandthesystempropertiesprograminthecontrolpanelmanagetheuserenvironmentsettingprofile,usetheSystemPolicyEditortoconfigureadomain-widecomputeroruser-basedconfigurationandwriteloginscripts.
Thesecondistolearnusermanagementunderthecharactercommandline,mainlyintheUNIXorLinuxenvironment,includingeditingtoolsVi,emacs,etc.tooperate/etc/passwdordirectlyuseaddusr,deleusrandotherusermanagementCommandandusethepwconvcommandtomakethe/etc/passwdconsistentwiththeshadowfile,useSCO's/etc/rmusercommandtodeleteusers,usethenewgrpcommandtoadduserstoanewgroup,andincludethecommandmkdirforcreatinguserdirectories,whichisassignedtouserattributesThegroupattributecommandschownandchgrp,andtheuserarealimitcommandquotalimitthesizeoftheuserareatopreventtheuserareafromoccupyingtoomuchharddiskspaceandcausingthesystemtocrash.Amongthem,aspecialreminder,ifyouwanttostrictlyrestrictuserpermissions,theuser'sregisteredshellcanuse/usr/lib/rsh.Theuser's.profileand.loginfilescanusethesystemstandardconfigurationfile,oryoucansetthecorrespondingsettingsinthe.profile,andusetheSUcommandorSUUsernametoentertheuserenvironmentforspecificdetection.Inaddition,fortheuser'smessagepublishingsystem,thealertfunctionisusedinNTtosendout,andthecomputer|sendmessagefunctionintheServerManagerisusedfortheremotehost.UsethesendcommandinNovell.InUNIX,thewallorwritecommandisused.Youcanalsousethedailymessagefile/etc/motdorthenewscommandtoissuethecontentsofthe/usr/newfile.
Сигурност и управление на регистрационни файлове
Asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletofindthecauseofthefailureofthesystemaccident,whichinvolvesobservingandanalyzingthevariouslogsofthesystem.InNT,usetheEventViewerintheAdministrativeToolsmenutoviewtheSYSTEM,SECURITY,andAPPLICATIONlogfilesofthesystem.ForNetware,theerrorlogistheSYS$LOG.ERRfile,whichcanbeobservedandrecordedthroughviewfileservererrorlogundersupervisoroptionsinthesysconmenu.Inaddition,thevolumeerrorlogfileistheVOL$LOG.LOGandtransactiontrackingprocessingineachvolume.SystemerrorlogfileSYS:TTS$LOG.ERRfileinthevolume;variouslogsinUNIXincludethesystemerrorregistrationfilemessageinthe/usr/admdirectory,thelogfilesulogusingthesucommand,andthelasttimeeachuserrecordsTheregistrationfilelastlogoftheregistrationtime,therelevantinformationfilewtmpoftheregisteredusersinthesystem,thecontentitemfileacctofthecommandsexecutedbyeachuser,andtherelevantinformationfileutmpofthecurrentregistereduserinthe/etcdirectoryandlogfilesgeneratedbyotherapplications.Forsomeoftheselogfiles,youcanusethewhoorwcommandtoviewthelogged-inusersofthecurrentsystem(intheXENIXsystem,youcanalsousethewhodocommandtodeterminethebehaviorofthecurrentuser);thelastcommandtoviewthepreviousloginstatus,thesecommandscanbeusedincombinationGrepperformsconditionalcontrolselectionfiltering;usefindtoviewfilesandtheirowners,especiallytomonitorprocessesandfileswithrootaccessrights,andtocheckbootfiles/etc/inetd.conf,/etc/rc.local,/etc/passwdandcornOrthefilesrunbyat,andusethecorntab-landcorntab-rcommandstolistanddeletetheuser'scorntabfiles;usels-lRtogeneratethemainchecklist,andperiodicallygeneratenewtables,usethediffcommandtocompare,anduseThenewtablepassedtheinspectionbecomesthenewmaininspectiontableuntilthenextinspection.Personally,Istronglyrecommendcommentingoutallthecommandfilesstartingwithrininetd.conf,andremovingalltheitemsin/etc/hosts.equiv,anddoesnotallowuserstosetuppersonal.rhostsfiles,sothatthetrustedhostisnotsetuporisEmptytostrengthenthesecurityofthesystem.
Управление на системни процеси
InUNIX,systemreportcommandsincludedftoreportthenumberoffreediskblocks;dutosummarizediskusage;nicetochangethecommandSetpriority;Pstatisusedtoreportsysteminformation,suchasnodetableorprocesstable;sarisusedtoreportsystemactivitystatus,suchasCPUusageandbufferactivitystatus;timeisusedtoprintthepasttime,systemtimeandcommandExecutiontime;uptimeisusedtoreporttheactivitystatusofthesystem,suchassystemstartuptimeandrunningtime;vmsfatisusedtoreportthenumberofpagesandsystemstatistics,suchasthebranchpoint.Theps-auxinBSDUNIXortheps-efinsystemVandthepsauxinLINUXareusedtoviewtheprocessstatusanditshost,andusethekillcommandtostopabnormalprocessesintime.InNT,TaskManagerisusedtoviewtheusageofcpuandmemory,processmanagement,andperformancemonitorisalsousedforstatusmonitoringtomaketimelyadjustments.Itisworthnotingthatwiththeexpansionofnetworkapplications,viruseshavebecomeamajorthreattonetworksecurity.Forthisreason,installingvirusdetectionandremovaltoolsonthenetworkhasbecomeamustfornetworkmanagement.
Управление на архивиране
Asamoreimportantsystem,timelybackupisnecessary,soyoumustdevelopthehabitoftimelyandregularbackupfromthebeginning.Masterthebasicmethodsandstepsofbackup,andusebasicbackupandrestorecommands,suchas:NTBackupprograminthemanagementtoolsetinNT.BecausethereisnoschedulingcapabilityinBackup,thebackupmustbecompletedmanuallyorscheduledwiththeATcommandline;andthird-partybackupsolutionsareused.SystemVinUNIXusestar,cpio,backup,restor,rolcopy,BSDusestar,dump,restor,etc.,andSCOusessysadminforfilesystembackupandfilerecovery.Thebackupmustalsomakeaplantospecifywhenandwhatkindofbackup,includingfullbackupandincrementalbackup.Forexample,youcandoafullbackuponceaweekandanincrementalbackupeveryday,orifthesystemdoesnotchangefrequently,youcanperformafullbackuponceamonth.,Incrementalbackuponceaweek.Recoveryandfault-tolerantmanagementWhenthesystemfails,asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletolocateandsolvetheproblem.Thisreliesontheanalysisoftheconsoleerrormessagesandlogfiles,andmoreimportantly,thedailybackupandemergencysystemdiskpreparation.ForNT,itistocreatesystembootdisks,emergencyrepairdisks,etc.,anduseDiskAdminstratortocreateRAIDoperationssuchasmirroring.ForUNIX,italsoreliesontheestablishmentofthesysteminstallationdiskandemergencyrepairdisk.Inparticular,aftermakinganychangestothesystem,youmustregenerateanewsystemrecoverydisk,performasynchronousbackupandusesingle-usermodetoeliminatemostoftheproblemsofthesystem,thatis,usetheboot-singlecommandwhenstarting,whichisakey.Ofcourse,theadministrator'spasswordmustnotbeforgotten,otherwise,itwillcausealotoftrouble,butfortheadministrator,heandotherusershaveimposedrestrictionsontheuseofpasswords,suchaspasswordlengthanddaterestrictionsandotherrestrictions,Isverynecessary.Toosimplepasswordsoftencauseinsecurity.Intermsoffaulttolerance,italsoincludesfrequentlyrunningvariousmaintenancesystemcommands,suchasthesuperblockmaintenancecommandSYNC,andthefilesystemcheckcommandfsck.
Памет
Filesystemandswitchmachinemanagementareinallmulti-usersystems.Duetothewidespreaduseoffilebuffering,filemodificationsarecarriedoutinmemory.Afterwritingtothedisk,thekernelprogramperiodicallyrefreshesthesebufferstokeepthefilesandbufferssynchronized.Therefore,shuttingdownthesystemwithoutterminatingitwilloftencausesynchronizationdamageandfilesystemerrors.InNT,usetheshutdownsystemoptioninthebootmenutoshutdownthesystem;UNIXusesshutdown,halt(haltsys),rebootandothercommands.Itisgenerallyrecommendedtouseshutdownplusparameterstoshutdownorenterthesingle-userbackupstate.Thepowercannotbeturnedoffuntiltheshutdownprocedureiscompleted.Inanycase,thismustbekeptinmind.
Inaddition,whenmaintainingthefilesystem,youshouldalwaysrunthesuperblockconsistencycommandsync,filesystemcheckanderrormodificationcommandfsck,andusethemkfscommandwhencreatinganewfilesystem.SystemV'sfsstatwillreportthefilesystemStatus,anddevicemanagementcommandsmount,umount.NOVELLusestheFILERmenutomanagethefilesystemofthefileserver.
Управление на мрежата
Управление на мрежата, включително отстраняване на грешки на електронна поща, DNS и WWW. За електронна поща използвайте първо sendmail-bt-Cfilename, ormailuserfirst, thentelnethost110 и използвайте pop3команди като потребителско име; passpasswd; list; retr*; quitfordebugging. За DNS използвайте тогава команда за търсене за резолюция за име на домейн, за да видите ако IP адресът може да бъде разрешен правилно. За WWW се проверява през браузър. Освен това проверете влизането в браузъра ~/httpd /.ForNT, проверете дали всяка сервизна програма работи нормално през мениджъра на сървъра под инструмента за управление. Останалите стъпки за откриване са същите като UNIX системата, с изключение на това, че не е използвана командата за изпращане на поща. Telnethost25, използвайте helohost, изпратете от:<вашето име@име на хост>,rcptto:<потребителско име@име на хост>, data,messagebody,".",exitandothersmtpcommands for detection.Командите POP3 са наистина същите.
ThemanagementofWWWiscarriedoutdirectlythroughtheonlinemanagementmethodintheformofhttp.Theoperationissimpleandclear,andthereshouldbenoproblems.Inaddition,inthedailymanagementofthenetwork,itincludesusingpingtoviewthenetworkconnectionstatus,netstattoviewtheprotocolstatisticsandthecurrentnetworkconnectionstatus,ifconfigtosetthenetworkinterface,andtracerttomonitortheroutingstatus.ForNTsystems,inadditiontotheabovecommands,italsoincludestheuseof/winnt/system32/Regedit32tocontroltheregistry,IPconfigtoviewIPsettings,andtheuseoftheNetworkmonitorsupportingtheNTservertoperformnetworkloadandperformancestatistics.TheNovellsystemusestheNETADMINutilityorthegraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolNetwareAdminstratortomanageandplanthenetwork,andusethemonitormenutomonitorthestatusofthelocalserver.Comparedwiththethird-partytoolsetofUNIX,thenetworkmanagementsoftwarethatcanberunasamanagermainlyincludesHP'sOpenView,BAY'soptivity,IBM'sNetviewandSUN'sSunNetManager.
Способност
1: Разбиране на мрежовия дизайн
Haveawealthofnetworkdesignknowledge,familiarwithnetworkwiringspecificationsandconstructionspecifications,understandswitches,routers,serversandothernetworksEquipment,masterthebasictechnologyoflocalareanetworkandrelatedtechnologies,plananddesignlocalareanetworksandwideareanetworksincludingrouting,andprovidecompletesolutionsforsmallandmedium-sizednetworks.
2: Изграждане на главна мрежа
Masterthebasicnetworkknowledge,deeplyunderstandtheTCP/IPnetworkprotocol,andindependentlycompletetheinstallation,connection,configurationandoperationofnetworkequipmentsuchasroutersandswitches,Buildamulti-layeredexchangecorporatenetworktorealizenetworkinterconnectionandInternetconnection.Mastertheuseofnetworksoftwaretools,quicklydiagnose,locateandeliminatenetworkfaults,andcorrectlyuse,maintainandmaintainhardwaredevices.
3: Запознат с мрежовата сигурност
Designandimplementacompletenetworksecuritysolutiontoreducetheriskoflossandattack.IntheInternetandlocalareanetworks,routers,switches,andapplications,andevensecuritydevicesthatarenotstrictlymanaged,mayallbecometargetsofattacks.Networkadministratorsmustgoalloutandstrengthentheirguardtopreventthreatstoinformationsecurity,informationintegrity,anddailybusinessoperationsfromhackers,outsiders,andevendissatisfiedemployees.
4: Запознат с мрежовите операционни системи
FamiliarwithWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems,withtheuseofadvancedWindowsandLinuxplatforms,toprovideenterpriseswithsuccessfuldesign,implementationandmanagementofbusinesssolutionsability.
5: Разберете уеб базата данни
UnderstandthebasicprinciplesofWebdatabase,beabletocarryoutimplementationandmanagementworkaroundWebdatabasesystem,andrealizethecomprehensiveapplicationofenterprisedata.
6: Качество и възможност
Haveastrongthirstforknowledgeandtheabilitytolearnbyoneself,Englishreadingabilityofrelevantcomputerprofessionalvocabulary,practicalability,strongadaptability,keenobservationAbilityandexcellentanalyticaljudgment.
Професионална сертификация
SunSolaris10Сертифициран мрежов администратор за операционна системаИзпитът е насочен към мрежовата среда или към мрежовите кандидати, които са управлявали системата Sun повече от три години.
MCSAСертифициранее за тези, които внедряват, управляват и управляват съществуващи мрежи и системи под средите на платформата Microsoft Windows 2003, Windows и.NETServer, предназначени за професионалисти, работещи по отстраняване на неизправности и др. Отговорностите на MCSA включват инсталиране и конфигуриране на компонентите на системата и отговорности за управление включват управление и поддръжка на системата.
Inaddition,networkadministratorcertificationincludesChinaNationalSoftwareLevelExaminationcertification(thiscertificateisrecognizedbyJapanandSouthKoreainadditiontodomesticcertification),Ciscocertification,andsoon.
Networkmanagementtaboo
Toocautious
Thewholemeaningof"Mr.Security"istopreventanythingsthatarenotconducivetohisnetworkfromhappening.Thelineisoperatedbythecontractor.Thecabinet,patchpanel,routerandUPSareallinstalledbythemanufacturer.Allhehastodoistoputadustymouseballinhisdrawer.ThisisjusttosatisfyNeedtouseitasareplacement.Hiswaytoavoidconflictistolockthesystemtightlysothatnooneoranythingcanchangethesystem.Sometimesthismeansthattheonlythinguserscandoisloginandmodifytheirownpassword,andthepasswordmaybecomeinvalideverytimeitisused.Runningprogramsandeditingfilesistoodangerousforusers,souserscanonlyfacealogininterfaceandanormaldesktopsystem.Thistypeofadministratorhasneverencounteredavirusattackformanyyears,andwillneverencounteritinthefuture.HenotonlydisabledtheUSBslotintheBIOSofeachworkstation,buttheBIOSwasalsopassword-protected,andeventhejackwassealedwithgluetopreventtinydatafromleakingoutthroughtheUSBstoragedevice.Themailserverisnotallowedtoinstallanyotherattachments;
Ifthenetworklinechanges,theworkstationwillnotbeabletostart;thehardwareequipmentofthesystemhasbeenfixed,losingtheflexibilityoftheequipment.Ifsomeonetriestoopenthecasingofthemachine,asmallexplosivedevicewillmakethemachineunusable(andpossiblyharmtheoperatoratthesametime).
Updatethenetworkfrequently
Regardlessofwhetheryouwanthimtodosoornot,thistypeofnetworkadministratorwillmanageapplicationandsystemupgradesthroughremotecontrol.Automaticallyshutdownyourworkstationattheendofeveryday,andyoucan'tstophimfromdoingso,becausehesetseveryworkstationonthenetworkto"WakeonLAN"mode.Ifyoureallywanttostophim,youmustdisconnectthenetworkcablefromyourworkstation.Whenyouleaveworkat5pm,yourcomputerisstillfullyfunctional,butwhenyougotoworkthenextmorning,youwillfindthatyoursystemhascompletelychangedtoanotherappearance,andyoucan’tfindanyprogramsyouusedyesterday..
Работата е твърда
Този тип администратор често може да се срещне в отдела по административните въпроси на Обединеното кралство. Ако го помолите да направи нещо изключително, той ще ви отговори: „Това е извън задълженията ми.“
TrytobringaUSBstoragedevicetotheofficewhileheisondutyandseewhathappens!Ifheputsthisstoragedeviceinhislunchbagwhenheisnotpayingattention,hewillevenhavetodealwithhisderelictionofduty.Ifonedayhefindsthatthee-mailsentbyacertainmachineisnotcompletelyrelatedtowork,hewillthinkthatthisisaworkaccidentthatshouldnothaveoccurred.
Donotconsidertheconsequences
Thistypeofadministratorwhodoesnotconsidertheconsequencesisalwaysexperimentingwithvariousnewpatchesorupgrades.
Mostwisenetworkadministratorswilldoatestonasmalltestnetworkbeforeapplyinganewsolutiontoanexistingsystem.However,thistypeofadministratordirectlyoperatesintheexistingsystem,whichoftenbringsunnecessaryannoyancetotheuseofusers,whichissomewhatsimilartotheresponseofuserstoadministratorswhofrequentlyupdatethenetwork.Thedifferenceisthatanadministratorwhofrequentlyupdatesthenetworkwilldefinitelytrytoensurethathisproductsorupgradesaretrulyeffectiveandwillnotcauseanyotherimpactonthenetworkandusers.
Treatthenetworkasprivate
Asthenamesuggests,thenetworkisregardedasprivatepropertybythistypeofadministrator.Anythingthatmayaffectthesmoothoperationofthenetworkwillmakehimexcited.Youmightthinkthisisagoodthing,butthe"privatepropertyowners"havedonealittletoomuch.Hewillkeepadetailedlogtoshowthattheperformanceofthenetworkhasreached100%.Butthiscanonlybeachievedwhenalmostnonetworkresourcesareallocatedtocommonapplications.
Играене на игри
Това е най-често срещаният тип опасен мрежов администратор и вероятно най-дружелюбният.
Theyusedtoappearinacademiainlargenumbers.UsuallythereisenoughredundantspaceontheInternet,somestudentswillusethemforthesisorresearchwork.However,themainfunctionoftheseredundantspacesistoprovideagameplatformforthemanagementpersonnelresponsibleforITequipmentintheschool.Mostnetworkresourcesareonlyprovidedtothosewhologinas"administrators".Thesepeoplewillregularlyfightonline.Inthegame,theyusevarioushighlyimaginativemeanstomakeeachotherdisappearfromthenetwork.Today,thesepeoplecanalsoplaygamesathomebecauseofthelow-costsmallroutersandswitchesattheirfingertips.Afteradayofworkinthecomputerroom,nothingcanmakethemfeelmorerelaxedthanplayingafewhoursofgamesintheonlineworld.
Третиране на мрежов администратор
Toentertheenterprise,generallymorethan4000;learncomprehensiveknowledgeandbecomeaseniornetworkadministratorwithasalaryofmorethan7000;doItcanbeashighas8,000ormorefordepartmentheadsormanagers.Ifyoucontinuetoimproveyourselfandbecomeaprofessionalnetworkengineer,thereisnoproblemwithasalaryof12,000ormore,suchasnetworkstorageengineers,networksecurityengineers,andintermediateandsenioroperationsengineers.Infact,itcanbeseenfromthisexamplethataslongasyoumastersolidskillsandexcellentprofessionalqualitythroughtraining,itisnotaproblemtogetahighsalary.