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Метод на печат



Theconceptofprinting

Printing,asatechnologyforcopyingimagesandtext,hassocialsignificanceinthatitrecordsanddisseminatesthecorrespondinghistoricalculturewhilecopyingtextandimages.Therefore,thecountrywhereprintingtechnologyfirstappearedmustbeanancientcountryofhumancivilization.PrintingasapracticaltechnologyforcopyingwasinventedbytheChinese,andthesealasweknowitwasitsearlyprototype.Sealsappearedveryearlyinthehistoryofourcountry,andtherewerealreadyalargenumberofsealsmadeofmetal,stone,pottery,andbonearoundtheYinDynasty.Intheearlydays,mostofthesealswereinscribed,thatis,thewordswereconcaveontheprintingsurface.Later,thepositivesealappeared,thatis,thewordsprotrudedfromtheprintingsurface.Themainfunctionofthesealinhistorywastoserveasasignormarkproof,notcopyingasthemainpurpose.Thepurposeofthecraftform,butthesimplestampcontainstheprofoundprinciplesofreliefandintaglioprintinginthereproductiontechnology,whichisaveryimportantenlightenmentfortheinventionofprintingtechnologyintheconceptofprinting.

IntheearlyTangDynasty,theChineseinventedtheengravingtechnique,usingpearwoodorjujubewoodastheplatematerial,carveoutthegraphicsandtextwithaknife,andthenpaintedtheinkontheplate,andthencoveredthepaperontheinkedOntheprintingplate,useabrushtoapplypressureonthepapertowipetocompletethetransferofgraphicsandtext.Theengravingprintingofthisperiodhasanobviousdefect,thatis,everynewgraphicinformationneedstobere-engravedwithanewwoodblock,andthewoodengravingprocessisverylaboriousandtime-consuming,andthesolutiontothisproblemwastheearliest.Appearedinourcountry.

InSongDynasty,BiShenginventedthemovabletypeprintingofclay.Movabletypeiscomposedofsinglecharacters,whichcanbecombinedtoprintoutrelatedgraphicinformation,andcanbereusedafterdisassembly.

Withthedevelopmentofengravingtechnologyandmovabletypeprinting,in1340AD,ourcountryinventedthecolorengravingoverprintingplate,whichmeansthatthecontentofthesamelayoutisengravedintoseveralprintingplatesofthesamesizeaccordingtothecolorrequirements.Onecolorisprintedoneafteranotheronthesamepaper,fromthefirsttwocolorstothelaterfiveandsevencolors.Bythe1720s,woodblockwatermarkingplateswereinvented,andtheirprintswereexquisitelycarved,beautifulincolor,moderatelyshallowanddeep,andfreshandbeautiful.

Movabletypedevelopedtothe14thcentury.TheGermanGutenbergsummeduptheexperienceofthepredecessorsandtheresultsofprintingtechnologyatthattime,anddevelopedthelead,antimony,andtinalloymovabletype,whichgreatlyreducedthecostandqualityoftextprinting.Andthespeedhasbeengreatlyimproved,andhasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothehistoryofworldprinting.

GutenbergwasthefirstEuropeantousemovabletypeprinting.Historicalrecordsabouthimareunknown.ItisstilluncertainwhetherhedevelopedmovabletypeusingthemovabletypetechnologyoftheEasterncountriesortheresultofhisindependentresearch.ItshouldbesaidthatGutenberg’smostimportantcontributionisnotintheuseofmovabletypeprintingbutinthedevelopmentofmovabletypecastingtechnology.Gutenbergwasnotthefirsttousemetalmovabletypeprinting.Atthebeginningofthe11thcentury,mycountryfirstinventedthemovabletypeofcement,butIndiawasnotverysatisfactory.AftertheinventionofmovabletypetechnologyinChina,itspreadtotoday’sNorthKoreaearlier,inthemiddleofthe13thcentury.TheNorthKoreansusedbronzetocastmovabletype.Aboutahundredyearslater,Gutenbergdevelopedaleadalloymovabletypeprocess,whichiseasiertocastandhasamoresophisticatedprintingeffect.However,leadisrecognizedasametalwithhightoxicity.Itisheatedandcooled.Harmfulgasesareproducedintheslab,whichisharmfultothehumanbody.

In1845,theBritishmadeaphotosensitiveliquidcomposedofdichromateandglue,therebyrealizingtheproductionofcopper-zincplatesbyphotographicmethods.Thisisanotherimportantdevelopmentinthehistoryofprinting.TheresultisDuetotheintroductionofphotographicimagesintoprinting,theabilityofhumanstoreplicaterealityhastakenabigstepforward,especiallyfortherecordingofhistoricaldata.

Theearlyprintingwasdoneonamanuallyoperatedwoodenprintingmachine.Gutenberg’stimewasofthistype.Atthattime,200pagesofprintedmatteroftenrequiredawholedayofbusywork

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Inthemiddleofthe17thcentury,inthesameday'sworkinghours,2,000pagesofprintedmattercouldbeprinted,whichincreasedtheefficiencyby10times.Today,Heidelberg'sSpeedMasterseriesoffsetprintingpressescanprintmorethan10,000single-sheetprintsperhour.Ifcalculatedindays,theefficiencyhasincreasedbyatleastahundredtimes.

AfterWorldWarII,electroniccomputersIthasbroughtarevolutionarychangetoprepresstechnology;texttypesettinghasdevelopedfrommanualphototypesettingmachinestofullyautomaticlaserscanningtypephototypesettingmachines,makingtexttypesettingleapfromtheleadandfireagetotheelectricityandlightage.Inthe1970s,theelectroniccolorseparationmachinewasinventedandusedtomakeimageprocessingfasterandhigherquality.

Inthe1990s,withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputerhardwareandsoftwareintheprofessionalfield,incountriesandregionswheretheprintingindustrytechnologyisdeveloped,theworkflowofcommercialprintinggraduallyrealizedmoreperfectdigitalization.Especiallyinthefieldofprepress,theappearanceofthecolordesktoppublishingsystem(DTP)hasbroughtanotherrevolutiontothecontemporaryprintingindustry.Underthecontrolofthecomputer,scanning,digitalcameras,directplatemaking,digitalproofing,digitalprintingpressesandotherequipmenthaverealizeddigitaljointoperation

Метод на печат

Theprintingindustryhasenteredthe21stcentury,andthepopularityandrapidgrowthofinternationalinterconnectionnetworks,Whichmakestherealizationofthecross-internationalprintingbusinessareality.Printing,whichwasonceanancientterm,willbeatechnicalfieldthatneedscontinuouslong-termlearningtoeffectivelycontrolforeveryrelevantpractitionertoday.

Cartonprintinginstructions

Differentprintingmethodsusedifferentprintingplatesanddifferentprintingequipment,whichwillalsoaffecttheunitpriceofcartons.Whentheorderquantityissmall,thepricewillbeaffected.Theimpactisgreater.

Thecommonlyusedprintingmethodsforcartonsincluderubberplategeneralprinting,resinplatefineprinting,post-offsetmountingandpre-printing.

Общ гумен печат

Подходящ за печатна повърхност с опростена печатна повърхност и ниски изисквания за точност на печат.

Resinplateprinting

Resinplateprintingissuitableforprintingsurfacesthatrequireclearpatternsontheprintingsurfaceandsmalltolerancesforchromaticerrors.Theproportionofthisprintingmethodisalsoincreasing.

Offsetprinting

Suitablefortheprintingsurfacewhentheprintingsurfaceisexquisiteandfullofcolors.Thisprintingmethodhasshownadownwardtrendduetoenvironmentalprotection,lowproductionefficiency,mostcartonfactoriesdonothaveoffsetprintingpresses,andtheneedtooutsourcecolorprocessing.

Предпечат

Подходящ за поръчки с високи изисквания за печат и големи партиди. Благодарение на оборудването (линия за производство на картон), големия брой доставчици (300 000) и други причини за този метод на печат, има само няколко местни фабрики за картон, които използват предпечат.

Theuseofdifferentprintingmethodswillresultindifferentpurchasepricesforcartons.

Theproductioncostoftherubberplateislow.Generally,thecartonfactorynolongerchargesseparately.Whentheresinplateisusedforprinting,generally,thepriceofthecartonfactorydoesnotincludetheproductioncostoftheresinplate.

Theproductioncostoftheresinplateneedstobecalculatedseparately.Accordingtothequalityoftheresinplateonthemarket,thepriceisabout0.1-0.2yuan/cm².Whentheproductionquantityissmall(forexample,lessthan10,000cartons),thecartonfactorymaychargeresinplateproductioncosts(ofcourse,itmayalsobewaivedbecausetheresinplateareaissmallandthecostissmall).Whentheorderquantityislarge(orthesamespecification)Thecumulativenumberofcartonsproducedisverylarge,suchasmorethan100,000),thecartonfactorymaynolongerchargethecostoftheresinversion,orreturnitwhentheorderquantityreachesacertainamountaftertheearlycollection.

Woodblockwatermark

Woodblockwatermarkisatraditionalprintingmethodcreatedandinventedbytheworkingpeopleofourcountry.Woodblockwatermarkwasdevelopedbyinheritingthetraditionalprintingtechnologyofthemotherlandandhasahistoryofmorethanathousandyears.Itcanusericepaperandsilk-screenprintingtomakeallkindsoffinereproductions.TheChinesepaintingreproductionsmadebywoodblockwatermarkingmethodcanalmostreachtherealstate,soitisfamousallovertheworld.

Fourprintingmethods

Letterpressprinting

Therearemanytexts,fewphotosandpictures,manyopportunitiesfortextchanges,andthenumberofprintsisnotlarge—hundredsLetterpressprintingissuitableforprintsbetweenthousands.Thenumberoftimesoftypeprintingshouldnotexceed30,000,andthenumberoffinepicturesshouldnotexceed7,000to80,000.Printedpicturesmustusepinkpapertogetperfectdots.Therefore,youcan'tusecheappapertoprintpicturesandhopetoachieveexquisiteresults.Whenusingtheletterpressflat-lineversionoftheform,thejointsofthelinesareeasilyseparatedanddisconnected,whichisacommonshortcoming.Inaddition,iftheprintingpressureistoolargeorthesurfaceofthepressurecylinderistoosoftduringprinting,thebackoftheprintedsheetofthefinishedproductwillhaveembossedprotrusions,whichwillgreatlyreducethequalityoftheprintedproduct.

Offsetprinting

Thebiggestdifferencebetweenoffsetprintingandletterpressprintingisthatletterpressprintingscreenimagesmustbemadeofpaperwithasmoothsurface.Offsetprintingdoesnothavethisneed.Aslongasthepaperisnottoorough.Theprintingscreeneffectissofterthantheletterpress,anditiseasytoprintrounddots.Resinplateornylonplateisanotherprintingplatethatcanwithstandabrasionbetterthantheabove-mentionedseveraltypesofplates.Thenumberofprintscanreachonemillion,whichcanbesaidtobethelongestlifeoftheprintingplate.However,themethodofusingthistypeofprintingplateisslightlydifferentfromtheordinaryoffsetprintingmethod,thatis,itdoesnotrequireawettingsystem,soitisnamed"dryoffsetprinting."Generallyspeaking,themorepicturesintheprintedmatter,thelargerthepicturearea,andthemoresuitableoffsetprintingistouseletterpressprinting.Asmentionedabove,theeffectofprintingpicturesbyoffsetprintingisbetterthanletterpressprinting,sogeneralcolorprintingandfour-colorprintinguseoffsetprintinginsteadofletterpressprinting.

Gravureprinting

Gravureprintingissuitableforprintinghigh-qualityandexpensivepublications.Whetheritisfour-colororblackandwhitepictures,gravureprintingcanbehighlysimilartophotographicphotos.Becausetheplate-makingfeeisexpensiveandtheprintingvolumemustbelarge,itistheleastusedoneofthefivetypesofprintinginHongKong.

Ситопечат

Тъй като ситопечатът е много дебел, той е най-подходящ за печат със специални ефекти. Количеството не е голямо и цветът на мастилото трябва да е дебел, особено подходящ. Може да се отпечатва и триизмерно, като квадратни кутии, кутии, кръгли бутилки, кутии и др. Освен хартия, долният канал също може да бъде отпечатан върху плат, бързи дръжки, шини, пластмасови листове, метални листове, стъкло и др. -ризи, кутии Watson, бутилки за газирана вода, платки и т.н. Гореспоменатите различни функции за печат не са налични при други методи за печат.

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