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Технологична революция



Time

Thefirsttime

Thefirstscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(fromthe1860stothemid-19thcentury)isalsoknownastheindustrialrevolution.ThebourgeoisieruledTheestablishmentofBritain’soverseastrade,slavetrade,andcolonialplunderingaccumulatedalargeamountofcapital.Thefurtherimplementationoftheenclosuremovementresultedinthedevelopmentofalargenumberoflabor-employedworkshopsandthedevelopmentofhandicrafts,whichaccumulatedacertaindegreeofproductiontechnology.Inthemiddleofthe18thcentury,Britainbecametheworld’slargestcapitalistcolonialcountry.Theforeignmarkethasexpandeddramatically.

Начален знак: изобретяването и използването на парния двигател през 1860-те.

Начален отдел: памучнотекстилна индустрия.

Безна за завършване: Около 1840 г. едромащабното машинно производство се превръща в основен метод на промишлено производство.

Основни постижения и промени в модела на света (9 снимки)

Historicalsignificance:Around1840,large-scalemachineproductionbecamethemainmethodofindustrialproduction.ThetremendousproductivitycreatedbytheIndustrialRevolutionhasbroughtaboutearth-shakingchangesinthefaceofsociety.AftertheIndustrialRevolution,capitalismfinallydefeatedfeudalism.TheWesterncapitalistcountriesthattooktheleadincompletingtheindustrialrevolutiongraduallyestablishedtheirdominationovertheworld,andtheworldhasformedasituationwheretheWestisadvancedandtheEastisbackward.

Thesecondtime

Thesecondtechnologicalrevolution(1870s)canbesaidtobeinseparablefromthegeneratormadebyGermanSiemens(1866).Afterthat,electriclights(1854),telephones(1876),trams(1881),movieprojectors(1888)andotherelectricalapplianceswerewidelyused.Electricalappliancesbegantograduallyreplacemachinesandbecomenewenergysourcesthatsupplementandreplacesteamengines.Theeraofmechanizationwithsteamenginesasthemainforcehassincepassed,andmankindhasthereforeenteredtheeraofthesecondindustrialrevolution:theeraofelectrification.

Втората научна и технологична революция (11 снимки)

Duringthesecondscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,thecapitalistsystemestablishedtheaccumulationofcapitalandthewantonplunderofcolonizationworldwideAccumulatedalotoffunds.

Thethirdtime

Thethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(1940sand1950s)AfterWorldWarII,capitalismpromotedthewelfaresystemandstatemonopolycapitalism,andthepoliticalsituationwasstabilized.Thebeginningofthe20thcenturywasamajorbreakthroughinscientifictheory.Andtheformationofacertainmaterialandtechnologicalfoundation.

Третата революция в науката и технологиите (6 снимки)

(Thedirectdrivingforceistheurgentneedforhigh-techintheworldafterWorldWarIIandthepost-war-thisisthesameastheprevioustwoThereisadifference.)

Thefourthtime

Thefourthindustrialrevolution(late20thcentury)isbasedonZengBangzhe’spointofview,markedbytheriseofsystemscienceandtheformationofsystembiologyscience,systemscience,computerTheintegrationoftheoriesandtechnologiesofscience,nanoscienceandlifesciencestoformasystemsbiologyscienceandtechnologysystem,includingsystemsbiologyandsyntheticbiology,systemsgeneticsandsystemsbioengineering,systemsmedicineandsystemsbiotechnology,willleadtoItistheindustrialrevolutionoftranslationalmedicineandbio-industry.

Thedevelopmentofnewenergyisregardedasthecoretaskofthefourthtechnologicalrevolution.Fromastrategicpointofview,newenergyitselfisaneconomicdevelopmentdirection.Promotingthedevelopmentofnewenergyeconomycanpromotethetransformationofenergystructureandeveneconomicstructure,andhaveaprofoundimpactonthenationaleconomy.Itisalsothefocusofcompetitionforallcountriesintheworldinthefuture.EnergyindustryThefuturedirectionwillbefromenergyresourcetypetoenergytechnologytype.TheUnitedStatestakesadvantageoftheeconomicdownturnandvigorouslydevelopsnewenergy.Ifitsucceeds,thefutureenergypatternmaybedominatedbytheUnitedStates.

Четвъртата технологична революция (7 снимки)

Thefourthtechnologicalrevolutionfocusingonbiotechnologyhasbeenrealizedorwillberealized:b>Plasticswillnotusepetroleumasrawmaterials,butwillbecompletelyreplacedbycorn;constructionmaterialswillbereplacedbyfibercropssuchaskenaf;thedepletionofpetroleumwillnolongerbeterrible,becausestrawcanbecompletelyreplaced;humanlifeexpectancyin2050ispossibleReach120yearsold;500millionmuofbarrenlandandsaline-alkalilandwillbecomeaparadiseforplantgrowth.

Thefifthtime

Thepopularizationandapplicationofelectronicsandinformationtechnologyopenedthedoortothefifthtechnologicalrevolution.WiththepopularizationofInternettechnologyandthedevelopmentofmobileInternet,theworldItisinanothermajortechnologycycleinthepasthalfacentury.Inthenearfuture,mobilebroadbandwillcoverallpeople,andnowitisataturningpointfromtheintroductionperiodtotheexpansionperiod."Themobilephonewasthelightbulboftheyear.Inthefuture,wecanimaginethatalmostalldeviceswillbeconnectedtotheInternet,"saidHansVestberg,PresidentandCEOofEricsson.

Lookingbackathistory,mankindhasexperiencedfourmajortechnologicalrevolutions,theageoftheindustrialrevolution,theageofsteamenginesandrailways,theageofelectricpower,steelandheavymachinerymanufacturing,theageofautomobilesandmassproduction,andthefifthtechnologyTherevolutionismarkedbyinformationandcommunicationtechnology.Infact,everytechnologicalchangeinhistoryhasbeendividedintotwostages.Thefirststageistheintroductionperiod,thatis,thefirst20-30years.Thisistheintroductionstageoftechnology.Newtechnologiesdeveloprapidlyandarewidelyusedinmajorfields.Thenitentersthesecondstage,theexpansionperiod.Inthisstage,peoplewilldeploymanyinnovativeapplicationsonthebasisofthistechnology,andthepotentialofthenewtechnologywillbefullyexplored.

Петата технологична революция-представена от Интернет на нещата (7 снимки)

Thefifthmajortechnologicalchangeoccurred25yearsago,itisITtechnologyandinformationcommunicationThebeginningoftechnology.Infact,wearenowattheturningpointofthisrevolution,theturningpointfromtheintroductionperiodtotheexpansionperiod.Infact,wehavegonethroughdifferentstagesofinterconnection.Atthebeginning,weconnectedfixedlocationswithfixedtelephones,andthenconnectedpeople.Now,becauseofmobilecommunication,everyonecancommunicatewitheachother.interconnection.Subsequently,ourgoalistoconnecteverythingtogether,whichistheInternetofThingsinChina.Nowweareinthedeploymentphaseofaninnovativeapplication.

Thesixthtime

Fromascientificpointofview,thesixthscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionmaybea"newbiologicalrevolution";fromatechnicalpointofview,itmaybea"Creationandregenerationrevolution";fromanindustrialpointofview,itmaybea"bionicandregenerationrevolution";fromacivilizationpointofview,itmaybea"regenerationandimmortalityrevolution."

Intheagriculturalera,themajorproblemfacingmankindisthepressureofsurvival.Thepeoplerelyonfoodasthesky.Itsneedsarebasicneeds.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyagronomy,astronomyandpracticaltechnology.Intheindustrialage,humanbeingsarefacedwithever-increasingneedsformateriallife.Theirneedsbelongtobasicandintermediateneeds.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyrelatedtomaterialproduction,includingvarioussubjectsofmodernscienceandtechnology.Intheknowledgeage,themateriallifeofmankindisalreadyveryrich,andthepressureismainlytoimprovethequalityoflifeandmeettheneedsofspirituallife.Itsneedsarehigh-levelneeds,andthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyrelatedtothequalityofmaterialandculturallife.Mentalneedsalsoincludehealthandlongevityandspacetravel.

Fromthechangesinthecharacteristicsofscienceandtechnologyinthesetimes,itcanbeseenthat-ifwesaythatthefocusofscienceandtechnologyinthe18thto20thcenturiesishumanunderstandingofnature,conqueringnature,andmaximizingthesatisfactionofhumanmateriallifeneeds;then21Thescientificandtechnologicalfocusofthecenturyisthathumanbeingsunderstandthemselves,changethemselves,comprehensivelyimprovethequalityofmaterialandculturallife,improvehumansustainabilityandadapttotheneedsoftheaerospaceage.

Inthepast500years,therehavebeenaboutfivescientificandtechnologicalrevolutionsintheworld,includingtwoscientificrevolutionsandthreetechnologicalrevolutions.Thesixthtechnologicalrevolutioniscomingtous.BaiChunli,PresidentoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,statedinthearticle"TheSixthScientificandTechnologicalRevolution"publishedbytheChineseAcademyofSciences,"Chinacannolongermissthenewscientificandtechnologicalrevolution.Towintheinitiativeinthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution".BaiChunlisaidthathistoricalexperienceshowsthatglobaleconomiccrisesoftengiverisetomajortechnologicalinnovationsandbreakthroughs.Today,someimportantscientificandtechnologicalfieldshaveshownsignsofrevolutionarybreakthroughs,newtechnologicalrevolutionsandindustrialrevolutionsarebeginningtoemerge,andtheworldisatthedawnofanewroundoftechnologicalrevolutions.

BaiChunliexpectsthatthesixthtechnologicalrevolutionislikelytooccurinlifesciences,materialsciences,andtheirintersectingfields.Becausetherearesomanyunknownthingsinhumanlifeandhealth,therearemany,bigproblemstobeexplored,andmanynewtheoriestobeestablished.Theestablishmentandapplicationofnewtheorieswillgreatlyimprovepeople'squalityoflifeandqualityoflife,andevenleadtotheoccurrenceofnewindustries.

ThesixthtechnologicalrevolutionWithaviationtechnologyandbiotechnology(4photos)

BaiChunlisaidthatChinamissedtheopportunityofthefirstfourtechnologicalrevolutions.Inthefifthscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,Chinawasonlyatrackerandatrackerwhodidnotachievegoodresults.Theforthcomingsixthnewscientificandtechnologicalrevolutioninvolvesprofoundchangesinscienceandtechnology,providingarareopportunityforChina'sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment..Chinacannolongermissit.Chinamustseizetheopportunityandmakeaforward-lookinglayoutinordertowintheinitiativeinthenewroundofscientificandtechnologicalrevolution.Inthefieldoflifesciences,thereisstillabiggapbetweentheadvancedlevelofChinaandforeigncountries,butinrecentyears,withthecountry'srapidincreaseinscienceandtechnologyinvestmentandthecontinuousincreaseinthetrainingofoutstandingtalents,someverygoodresultshavebeenobtained.Ibelievethatwithunremittingefforts,Chinawilllayabetterknowledgebaseandtalentbaseforseizingnewbreakthroughsinthisfield.

Achievements

Arevolution

Cottontextile:Theinventionofaseriesoftextilemachines

Мощност:Подобреният парен двигател на Watt (1785)

Транспорт:Fulton-steamship(САЩ,1807);StephenSun-steamlocomotive(английски,1814)

1.Случва се за първи път в Обединеното кралство, като Обединеното кралство е основното тяло;

2.Светлинната индустрия е водеща;

3.Steampowerкато основен символ;

4.Technicalinventionsaremainlyderivedfromthepracticalexperienceofworkersandtechnicians.

Втората революция

Широки приложения на електрическа енергия (Siemens-генератор, Gram-мотор)

Thecreationofinternalcombustionenginesandnewvehicles(CarlBen-Thecardrivenbytheinternalcombustionengine,theWrightbrothers-theairplane)

Изобретяването на нови методи за комуникация (Bell-Telephone, Marconi-WirelessTelegraph)

1.Науката и технологиите започват тясна комбинация

2.Newtechnologicalinventionsoccuralmostsimultaneouslyinseveralcountries

3.В някои страни двете индустриални революции се пресичат една в друга

Три революции

Широко приложение на компютрите

  1. Науката и технологиите насърчават развитието на производителността и скоростта на трансформация в пряка производителност се ускорява.Технологична революция

2. Тясна интеграция на науката и технологиите и взаимно насърчаване.

3.Взаимното проникване на различни области на науката и технологиите.

Четири революции

Обширното приложение на интернет

Thesystemscienceandengineeringresearchofcellsandmoleculeshasformedthedevelopmentofbioenergy,bioinformaticsandbiomaterials.Theall-roundbio-industryrevolutionwillbringabouttechnologicalbreakthroughsandindustrializationofbio-solarenergy,bio-computersandbio-reactors.

Пет революции

Широко приложение на роботи

Въздействие

Първата революция

【Основно въздействие】

1.Ithasgreatlyimprovedproductivity,andpromotedtheconsolidationandextensiveestablishmentofthecapitalistsystem;

2.Theclassstructureofsocietyhasundergonemajorchanges,andthesocietyhasincreasinglysplitintotwomajoroppositionsClass;

3.Makeamajorchangeinthesocialandeconomicstructureandstarttheprocessofurbanization;

4.Променете модела на света: Изтокът е подчинен на Запада

5.Liberalcapitalismdeveloped,andcolonialaggressionenteredaperioddominatedbycommodityexports.

Тезиконцентрация

[Главно въздействие]

1.Насърчаване на бързото развитие на производителността;

2.Thegreatpowersstepuptodividetheworld,Thecapitalistworldsystemisfinallyformed;colonialaggressionentersaperioddominatedbycapitalexport

3.Theimbalanceofpoliticalandeconomicdevelopmenthasintensified,andthepatternofworldforceshaschanged;thecompetitionandconflictsofthepowershaveintensified;

4.Пролетариатът се разрасна и работническото движение постепенно достигна своя връх.

【ImpactonChina】

1.ThegreatpowerscontinuedtolaunchaseriesofwarsofaggressionagainstChina,andsetoffafrenzyofcarveupChina,andChinawascompletelyreducedtoasemi-colonialandsemi-feudalsociety;

2.Първоначалното развитие на националния капитализъм на Китай;

3.Там съществува движението за национално спасение и запазване на китайския народ (като: Реформата за реформа, Движението на боксьорите и Революцията от 1911 г.).

Третата революция

1.Насърчава силно развитието на социалната производителност—промени в средствата за повишаване на производителността на труда;

2.Насърчава промените в структурата на социалната икономика и структурата на социалния живот - делът на третичната индустрия се е повишил. Промени в ежедневието на хората като облекло, храна, жилище, транспорт и т.н.;

3.Promotingtheadjustmentoftheinternationaleconomicstructure-closertiesbetweenlocalities;

Thefourthrevolution

Seizingtheopportunitycanleadtothefullriseoftechnologicalandeconomicstrength.Theartificialdesignandartificialsynthesisofcellsisatechnologicalrevolutionliketheriseoforganicchemicalsandmicroelectronics,anditwillinvolvemoretraditionalindustrialupgradingandreformsthatwillbringnewideas.Intheageofindustry,thefieldofsystemsbiologyscienceandengineeringhasshortenedthecycleofindustrialtransformationofscienceandtechnologythaninthepast.Thescientificandtechnologicaldecision-makingagenciesofEuropeanandAmericancountrieshaveformulatedreformmeasuresforeducation,scienceandtechnologyandindustrialsystemstowelcomethearrivalofthenewindustrialrevolution.

Общо въздействие на трите революции

1.Improvedproductiontoolsandtechnology,promotedeconomicdevelopmentandsocialproductivity;

2.Процесът, водещ до увеличаване на населението и урбанизация;

3.Насърчавайте промените в социалната и икономическата структура, промишленото производство доминира в националната икономика, а начинът на живот и ценностите на хората също са се променили;

4.Promotechangesintheclassstructureandpromotethecontinuousadjustmentoftheproductionrelationsofcapitalistcountries;

5.LeadtheEasttosubordinatetotheWest,formingthecapitalistruleoftheworld,Promotedtheformationofthecapitalistworldsystemandformedanunreasonableinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder;

6.Засяга плана на световната индустрия;

7.Интензифицира развитието на капиталовата икономикаТези дисбаланс.

Контраст

Начален час и условия

Thefirsttechnologicalrevolution(1860s)establishedtheruleofthebourgeoisieinBritainforoverseastrade,slavetradeandColonialplunderingaccumulatedalargeamountofcapital.Thefurtherpromotionoftheenclosuremovementresultedinthedevelopmentofalargenumberoflabor-employedworkshopsandthedevelopmentofhandicrafts,whichaccumulatedacertainamountofproductiontechnology.

Thesecondscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(1870s)Thecapitalistsystemestablishedworldwidecapitalaccumulationandthewantonplunderingofcolonization,whichaccumulatedalargeamountoffundsandmadebreakthroughprogressinnaturalsciences,theemergenceofworldmarketsandcapitalTheformationoftheworldsystemofismhasfurtherexpandedthedemandforcommodities.

Relationship

Therelationshipbetweenscientificrevolution,technologicalrevolutionandindustrialrevolution

Scientificrevolutionreferstothegreatprogressofscientifictheory,method,knowledge,etc.,fromthelibraryEn’sscientificrevolutionisoftenseenasabreakthroughinscientifictheories,concepts,andnorms,thatis,paradigmsormodels.Thebirthofnewdisciplinesextendstootherdisciplines,suchasthebirthofrelativity,quantumtheory,systemtheory,andcybernetics.Ledtoascientificrevolution.Theforerunnerofthescientificrevolutionsometimescamefromphilosophicaltrends,sometimesfrombreakthroughsintechnologyandexperiments.Thelatter,forexample,thediscoveryofroentgenraysledtothesubsequentrevolutioninphysics,thediscoveryoftheDNAdoublehelixstructureledtotheeraofmolecularbiology,etc.,butalsothescientificrevolution.Italsobroughtaboutatechnologicalrevolution,suchassystemscienceandcomputertechnology,geneticsandgeneticengineeringtechnology,andsystemsbiologyandsyntheticbiotechnology.Theindustrialrevolution,alsoknownastheindustrialrevolution,isbasedoneconomicandindustrialstructuralchanges,andismainlydeterminedbywhetherthetechnologicalrevolutionhasreachedaseriesofproductsthatleadtoaseriesofproductinnovationsintermsoftechnologyanddesign,givingbirthtoaseriesofinventionsanddesigns.Newproductsandevennewindustries,forexample,thesecondindustrialrevolution-electrificationistheemergenceofelectrifiedenergy,lighting,electricmotors,householdappliances,computers,etc.Theriseofsystemsbiologyandsystembioengineeringinthe21stcenturywillleadtocomputertechnology,nanotechnologyThehighdegreeofcrossoverandintegrationoftechnology,biotechnology,medicaltechnologyandotherdisciplineshasbroughtaboutacomprehensivebio-industrializationinthematerials,energy,andinformationindustries,andmaybringaboutanewroundofindustrialrevolution.

Характеристики на постиженията

Първата технологична революция в памучния текстил: изобретяването на серия от текстилни машини: усъвършенстваната парна машина на Watt (1785)

1.За първи път се случи в Обединеното кралство и Обединеното кралство е основното тяло;

2.Светлинната индустрия е водеща;

3.Steampowerкато основен символ;

4.TechnologyinventionMainlyfromthepracticalexperienceofworkersandtechnicians

Тези втора революция в науката и технологиите

1.Широко приложение на електрическа мощност (Siemens-генератор, Gram-мотор)

2.Създаването на двигатели с вътрешно горене и нови превозни средства (KarlBenz-автомобили с двигател с вътрешно горене, самолети на братя Райт)

3.Изобретяването на нови комуникационни методи (Bell-telephone, Marconi-Wirelesstelegraph)

1.Науката и технологиите започнаха да бъдат тясно интегрирани

2.Newtechnologicalinventionsoccurredalmostsimultaneouslyinseveralcountries

3. В някои страни индустриалната революция се пресича

Третата научна и технологична революция

Representedbytheapplicationofatomicenergytechnology,aerospacetechnology,andelectroniccomputers,includinghigh-techmaterialssuchassyntheticmaterials,molecularbiologyandgeneticengineeringtechnology.

1.Scienceandtechnologypromotethedevelopmentofproductivity,andthespeedoftransformationintodirectproductivityisaccelerating.

2. Тясна интеграция на науката и технологиите и взаимно насърчаване.

3.Взаимното проникване на различни области на науката и технологиите.

Въздействие върху Китай

Първата научна и технологична революция

3.Насърчава корекцията на международната икономическа структура-по-тесни връзки между различните региони;укрепване на националния капитализъм Съревновавайте се с науката и технологиите;разширете развитието

1.Greatlyimproveproductivity,promotetheconsolidationandextensiveestablishmentofthecapitalistsystem;

2.Направете големи промени в структурата на социалната класа,Все повече разцепване на две противоположни класи;

3.Majorchangeshavetakenplaceinthesocialandeconomicstructure,andtheurbanizationprocesshasbegun;

4. Промени в модела на света: Изтокът е подчинен на Запада

5.Liberalcapitalismhasdeveloped,andcolonialaggressionhasenteredaperiodofcommodityexports.

1.Стартира две опиумни войни, превръщайки Китай в полуколония и полуфеодално общество

2. Появата на модерната индустрия (появата на китайския национален капитализъм)

3 Напредналите китайци започнаха да се учат от Запада

Втората технологична революция

1.Насърчаване на бързото развитие на производителността;

2.Furtheradjustmentofproductionrelations:monopoliesandmonopolyorganizationsareformed,andmajorcapitalistcountriesentertheimperialiststage;

3.Пролетариатът расте,работническото движение постепенно достига своя връх

4. Първоначалното развитие на китайския национален капитализъм

Третата научна и технологична революция

1.Насърчава значително развитието на социалните производителни сили-—Промени в средствата за подобряване на производителността на труда;

2.Promotingchangesinthesocio-economicstructureandsociallifestructure—theproportionofthetertiaryindustryhasrisen.People'sdailylifesuchasfood,clothing,housingandtransportationchanges;theeconomicgapbetweenthecountryandthedevelopingcountries.Fordevelopingcountries,itisbothanopportunityandachallenge.

AfterthefoundingofNewChina,mycountry'sscienceandtechnologyhavealsobeenfurtherdeveloped.Withthereformandopeningup,theintroductionofforeignadvancedscienceandtechnologyhasmadegreatachievementsinthefieldofscienceandtechnology.Opportunitiesandchallengescoexist.

4.Thephilosophicalenlightenmentofthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution:

(1)Itsappearanceistheneedofpractice,theproductofthedevelopmentofsocialproductivity,anditpromotessocialprogressandproductivitydevelopment

(2)Therearecommonalitiesaswellastheirowncharacteristics.Theyaretheunityofcommonalityandindividuality,andtheunityofuniversalityandparticularity.

(3) Не само допринесе за раждането на марксизма, но и насърчи развитието на марксизма. (Марксизмът продължава да се развива с развитието на практиката и науката)

5.Как да се изправим пред новатанаучна и технологична революция:

(1)Asacountry,insistontakingeconomicconstructionasthecenter,Layamaterialfoundationforthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology;developscienceandeducation,implementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation;attachimportancetotalents,andestablishaknowledgeinnovationsystem.

(2)Fromanindividualpointofview,studyhard,activelyparticipateinsocialpractice,andpayattentiontothecultivationofinnovativeconsciousnessandspirit.

(3)Fromaneconomicpointofview,fullyunderstandthattechnologyistheprimaryproductiveforce,understanditsroleinsocialproduction,relyontechnologyandimproveefficiencytoachievethetransformationofeconomicgrowthmode.

(4)Fromapoliticalperspective,thefocusofinternationalcompetitionhaschanged,andthekeyfactorindetermininginternationalstatusistechnology.Itisnecessarytofullyexercisenationalfunctions,andmaketherevitalizationofscienceandtechnologyandthedevelopmentofeducationthefocusofthenationalstrategy.

(5)Forthevastnumberofdevelopingcountries,facingthesurgingwaveofthethirdtechnologicalrevolution,opportunitiesandchallengesandpressurecoexist.Accordingtothecharacteristicsofthecountry,formulatecorrespondingeconomic,technological,andsocialdevelopmentstrategies,andstrivetonarrowtheeconomicgapwithdevelopedcountries.Exploringapathsuitableforthecountry'srapiddevelopmentistheprimarytaskfacingthevastnumberofdevelopingcountries.

6Therelationshipbetweenscience,technology,andproductioninthethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution:

(1)Inthethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,science,technology,andproductionTheconnectionbetweenthepeoplehasbeengreatlystrengthened.

(2)Scienceprovidesthepossibilityofmaterialization,technologyprovidesmaterializationreality,andproductionbecomestheconcreterealizationprocessofmaterialization.

(3)Forscience,technologyisanextensionofscience;fortechnology,scienceisthesublimationoftechnology;forproduction,scienceandtechnologyisanecessaryprerequisiteforitspracticalactivities.

(4)Thethreeinterpenetrateandinfluenceeachother,resultinginaninseparabletrend,ascitedinthe"ScienceandTechnologyRevolution"entryinthethirdeditionoftheEncyclopediaoftheSovietUnion.Word.

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