Time
Thefirsttime
Thefirstscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(fromthe1860stothemid-19thcentury)isalsoknownastheindustrialrevolution.ThebourgeoisieruledTheestablishmentofBritain’soverseastrade,slavetrade,andcolonialplunderingaccumulatedalargeamountofcapital.Thefurtherimplementationoftheenclosuremovementresultedinthedevelopmentofalargenumberoflabor-employedworkshopsandthedevelopmentofhandicrafts,whichaccumulatedacertaindegreeofproductiontechnology.Inthemiddleofthe18thcentury,Britainbecametheworld’slargestcapitalistcolonialcountry.Theforeignmarkethasexpandeddramatically.
Начален знак: изобретяването и използването на парния двигател през 1860-те.
Начален отдел: памучнотекстилна индустрия.
Безна за завършване: Около 1840 г. едромащабното машинно производство се превръща в основен метод на промишлено производство.
Основни постижения и промени в модела на света (9 снимки)
Historicalsignificance:Around1840,large-scalemachineproductionbecamethemainmethodofindustrialproduction.ThetremendousproductivitycreatedbytheIndustrialRevolutionhasbroughtaboutearth-shakingchangesinthefaceofsociety.AftertheIndustrialRevolution,capitalismfinallydefeatedfeudalism.TheWesterncapitalistcountriesthattooktheleadincompletingtheindustrialrevolutiongraduallyestablishedtheirdominationovertheworld,andtheworldhasformedasituationwheretheWestisadvancedandtheEastisbackward.Thesecondtime
Thesecondtechnologicalrevolution(1870s)canbesaidtobeinseparablefromthegeneratormadebyGermanSiemens(1866).Afterthat,electriclights(1854),telephones(1876),trams(1881),movieprojectors(1888)andotherelectricalapplianceswerewidelyused.Electricalappliancesbegantograduallyreplacemachinesandbecomenewenergysourcesthatsupplementandreplacesteamengines.Theeraofmechanizationwithsteamenginesasthemainforcehassincepassed,andmankindhasthereforeenteredtheeraofthesecondindustrialrevolution:theeraofelectrification.
Втората научна и технологична революция (11 снимки)
Duringthesecondscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,thecapitalistsystemestablishedtheaccumulationofcapitalandthewantonplunderofcolonizationworldwideAccumulatedalotoffunds.Thethirdtime
Thethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(1940sand1950s)AfterWorldWarII,capitalismpromotedthewelfaresystemandstatemonopolycapitalism,andthepoliticalsituationwasstabilized.Thebeginningofthe20thcenturywasamajorbreakthroughinscientifictheory.Andtheformationofacertainmaterialandtechnologicalfoundation.
Третата революция в науката и технологиите (6 снимки)
(Thedirectdrivingforceistheurgentneedforhigh-techintheworldafterWorldWarIIandthepost-war-thisisthesameastheprevioustwoThereisadifference.)Thefourthtime
Thefourthindustrialrevolution(late20thcentury)isbasedonZengBangzhe’spointofview,markedbytheriseofsystemscienceandtheformationofsystembiologyscience,systemscience,computerTheintegrationoftheoriesandtechnologiesofscience,nanoscienceandlifesciencestoformasystemsbiologyscienceandtechnologysystem,includingsystemsbiologyandsyntheticbiology,systemsgeneticsandsystemsbioengineering,systemsmedicineandsystemsbiotechnology,willleadtoItistheindustrialrevolutionoftranslationalmedicineandbio-industry.
Thedevelopmentofnewenergyisregardedasthecoretaskofthefourthtechnologicalrevolution.Fromastrategicpointofview,newenergyitselfisaneconomicdevelopmentdirection.Promotingthedevelopmentofnewenergyeconomycanpromotethetransformationofenergystructureandeveneconomicstructure,andhaveaprofoundimpactonthenationaleconomy.Itisalsothefocusofcompetitionforallcountriesintheworldinthefuture.EnergyindustryThefuturedirectionwillbefromenergyresourcetypetoenergytechnologytype.TheUnitedStatestakesadvantageoftheeconomicdownturnandvigorouslydevelopsnewenergy.Ifitsucceeds,thefutureenergypatternmaybedominatedbytheUnitedStates.
Четвъртата технологична революция (7 снимки)
Thefourthtechnologicalrevolutionfocusingonbiotechnologyhasbeenrealizedorwillberealized:b>Plasticswillnotusepetroleumasrawmaterials,butwillbecompletelyreplacedbycorn;constructionmaterialswillbereplacedbyfibercropssuchaskenaf;thedepletionofpetroleumwillnolongerbeterrible,becausestrawcanbecompletelyreplaced;humanlifeexpectancyin2050ispossibleReach120yearsold;500millionmuofbarrenlandandsaline-alkalilandwillbecomeaparadiseforplantgrowth.Thefifthtime
Thepopularizationandapplicationofelectronicsandinformationtechnologyopenedthedoortothefifthtechnologicalrevolution.WiththepopularizationofInternettechnologyandthedevelopmentofmobileInternet,theworldItisinanothermajortechnologycycleinthepasthalfacentury.Inthenearfuture,mobilebroadbandwillcoverallpeople,andnowitisataturningpointfromtheintroductionperiodtotheexpansionperiod."Themobilephonewasthelightbulboftheyear.Inthefuture,wecanimaginethatalmostalldeviceswillbeconnectedtotheInternet,"saidHansVestberg,PresidentandCEOofEricsson.
Lookingbackathistory,mankindhasexperiencedfourmajortechnologicalrevolutions,theageoftheindustrialrevolution,theageofsteamenginesandrailways,theageofelectricpower,steelandheavymachinerymanufacturing,theageofautomobilesandmassproduction,andthefifthtechnologyTherevolutionismarkedbyinformationandcommunicationtechnology.Infact,everytechnologicalchangeinhistoryhasbeendividedintotwostages.Thefirststageistheintroductionperiod,thatis,thefirst20-30years.Thisistheintroductionstageoftechnology.Newtechnologiesdeveloprapidlyandarewidelyusedinmajorfields.Thenitentersthesecondstage,theexpansionperiod.Inthisstage,peoplewilldeploymanyinnovativeapplicationsonthebasisofthistechnology,andthepotentialofthenewtechnologywillbefullyexplored.
Петата технологична революция-представена от Интернет на нещата (7 снимки)
Thefifthmajortechnologicalchangeoccurred25yearsago,itisITtechnologyandinformationcommunicationThebeginningoftechnology.Infact,wearenowattheturningpointofthisrevolution,theturningpointfromtheintroductionperiodtotheexpansionperiod.Infact,wehavegonethroughdifferentstagesofinterconnection.Atthebeginning,weconnectedfixedlocationswithfixedtelephones,andthenconnectedpeople.Now,becauseofmobilecommunication,everyonecancommunicatewitheachother.interconnection.Subsequently,ourgoalistoconnecteverythingtogether,whichistheInternetofThingsinChina.Nowweareinthedeploymentphaseofaninnovativeapplication.Thesixthtime
Fromascientificpointofview,thesixthscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionmaybea"newbiologicalrevolution";fromatechnicalpointofview,itmaybea"Creationandregenerationrevolution";fromanindustrialpointofview,itmaybea"bionicandregenerationrevolution";fromacivilizationpointofview,itmaybea"regenerationandimmortalityrevolution."
Intheagriculturalera,themajorproblemfacingmankindisthepressureofsurvival.Thepeoplerelyonfoodasthesky.Itsneedsarebasicneeds.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyagronomy,astronomyandpracticaltechnology.Intheindustrialage,humanbeingsarefacedwithever-increasingneedsformateriallife.Theirneedsbelongtobasicandintermediateneeds.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyrelatedtomaterialproduction,includingvarioussubjectsofmodernscienceandtechnology.Intheknowledgeage,themateriallifeofmankindisalreadyveryrich,andthepressureismainlytoimprovethequalityoflifeandmeettheneedsofspirituallife.Itsneedsarehigh-levelneeds,andthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyismainlyrelatedtothequalityofmaterialandculturallife.Mentalneedsalsoincludehealthandlongevityandspacetravel.
Fromthechangesinthecharacteristicsofscienceandtechnologyinthesetimes,itcanbeseenthat-ifwesaythatthefocusofscienceandtechnologyinthe18thto20thcenturiesishumanunderstandingofnature,conqueringnature,andmaximizingthesatisfactionofhumanmateriallifeneeds;then21Thescientificandtechnologicalfocusofthecenturyisthathumanbeingsunderstandthemselves,changethemselves,comprehensivelyimprovethequalityofmaterialandculturallife,improvehumansustainabilityandadapttotheneedsoftheaerospaceage.
Inthepast500years,therehavebeenaboutfivescientificandtechnologicalrevolutionsintheworld,includingtwoscientificrevolutionsandthreetechnologicalrevolutions.Thesixthtechnologicalrevolutioniscomingtous.BaiChunli,PresidentoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,statedinthearticle"TheSixthScientificandTechnologicalRevolution"publishedbytheChineseAcademyofSciences,"Chinacannolongermissthenewscientificandtechnologicalrevolution.Towintheinitiativeinthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution".BaiChunlisaidthathistoricalexperienceshowsthatglobaleconomiccrisesoftengiverisetomajortechnologicalinnovationsandbreakthroughs.Today,someimportantscientificandtechnologicalfieldshaveshownsignsofrevolutionarybreakthroughs,newtechnologicalrevolutionsandindustrialrevolutionsarebeginningtoemerge,andtheworldisatthedawnofanewroundoftechnologicalrevolutions.
BaiChunliexpectsthatthesixthtechnologicalrevolutionislikelytooccurinlifesciences,materialsciences,andtheirintersectingfields.Becausetherearesomanyunknownthingsinhumanlifeandhealth,therearemany,bigproblemstobeexplored,andmanynewtheoriestobeestablished.Theestablishmentandapplicationofnewtheorieswillgreatlyimprovepeople'squalityoflifeandqualityoflife,andevenleadtotheoccurrenceofnewindustries.
ThesixthtechnologicalrevolutionWithaviationtechnologyandbiotechnology(4photos)
BaiChunlisaidthatChinamissedtheopportunityofthefirstfourtechnologicalrevolutions.Inthefifthscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,Chinawasonlyatrackerandatrackerwhodidnotachievegoodresults.Theforthcomingsixthnewscientificandtechnologicalrevolutioninvolvesprofoundchangesinscienceandtechnology,providingarareopportunityforChina'sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment..Chinacannolongermissit.Chinamustseizetheopportunityandmakeaforward-lookinglayoutinordertowintheinitiativeinthenewroundofscientificandtechnologicalrevolution.Inthefieldoflifesciences,thereisstillabiggapbetweentheadvancedlevelofChinaandforeigncountries,butinrecentyears,withthecountry'srapidincreaseinscienceandtechnologyinvestmentandthecontinuousincreaseinthetrainingofoutstandingtalents,someverygoodresultshavebeenobtained.Ibelievethatwithunremittingefforts,Chinawilllayabetterknowledgebaseandtalentbaseforseizingnewbreakthroughsinthisfield.Achievements
Arevolution
Cottontextile:Theinventionofaseriesoftextilemachines
Мощност:Подобреният парен двигател на Watt (1785)
Транспорт:Fulton-steamship(САЩ,1807);StephenSun-steamlocomotive(английски,1814)
1.Случва се за първи път в Обединеното кралство, като Обединеното кралство е основното тяло;
2.Светлинната индустрия е водеща;
3.Steampowerкато основен символ;
4.Technicalinventionsaremainlyderivedfromthepracticalexperienceofworkersandtechnicians.
Втората революция
Широки приложения на електрическа енергия (Siemens-генератор, Gram-мотор)
Thecreationofinternalcombustionenginesandnewvehicles(CarlBen-Thecardrivenbytheinternalcombustionengine,theWrightbrothers-theairplane)
Изобретяването на нови методи за комуникация (Bell-Telephone, Marconi-WirelessTelegraph)
1.Науката и технологиите започват тясна комбинация
2.Newtechnologicalinventionsoccuralmostsimultaneouslyinseveralcountries
3.В някои страни двете индустриални революции се пресичат една в друга
Три революции
Широко приложение на компютрите
Науката и технологиите насърчават развитието на производителността и скоростта на трансформация в пряка производителност се ускорява.
2. Тясна интеграция на науката и технологиите и взаимно насърчаване.
3.Взаимното проникване на различни области на науката и технологиите.
Четири революции
Обширното приложение на интернет
Thesystemscienceandengineeringresearchofcellsandmoleculeshasformedthedevelopmentofbioenergy,bioinformaticsandbiomaterials.Theall-roundbio-industryrevolutionwillbringabouttechnologicalbreakthroughsandindustrializationofbio-solarenergy,bio-computersandbio-reactors.
Пет революции
Широко приложение на роботи
Въздействие
Първата революция
【Основно въздействие】
1.Ithasgreatlyimprovedproductivity,andpromotedtheconsolidationandextensiveestablishmentofthecapitalistsystem;
2.Theclassstructureofsocietyhasundergonemajorchanges,andthesocietyhasincreasinglysplitintotwomajoroppositionsClass;
3.Makeamajorchangeinthesocialandeconomicstructureandstarttheprocessofurbanization;
4.Променете модела на света: Изтокът е подчинен на Запада
5.Liberalcapitalismdeveloped,andcolonialaggressionenteredaperioddominatedbycommodityexports.
Тезиконцентрация
[Главно въздействие]
1.Насърчаване на бързото развитие на производителността;
2.Thegreatpowersstepuptodividetheworld,Thecapitalistworldsystemisfinallyformed;colonialaggressionentersaperioddominatedbycapitalexport
3.Theimbalanceofpoliticalandeconomicdevelopmenthasintensified,andthepatternofworldforceshaschanged;thecompetitionandconflictsofthepowershaveintensified;
4.Пролетариатът се разрасна и работническото движение постепенно достигна своя връх.
【ImpactonChina】
1.ThegreatpowerscontinuedtolaunchaseriesofwarsofaggressionagainstChina,andsetoffafrenzyofcarveupChina,andChinawascompletelyreducedtoasemi-colonialandsemi-feudalsociety;
2.Първоначалното развитие на националния капитализъм на Китай;
3.Там съществува движението за национално спасение и запазване на китайския народ (като: Реформата за реформа, Движението на боксьорите и Революцията от 1911 г.).
Третата революция
1.Насърчава силно развитието на социалната производителност—промени в средствата за повишаване на производителността на труда;
2.Насърчава промените в структурата на социалната икономика и структурата на социалния живот - делът на третичната индустрия се е повишил. Промени в ежедневието на хората като облекло, храна, жилище, транспорт и т.н.;
3.Promotingtheadjustmentoftheinternationaleconomicstructure-closertiesbetweenlocalities;
Thefourthrevolution
Seizingtheopportunitycanleadtothefullriseoftechnologicalandeconomicstrength.Theartificialdesignandartificialsynthesisofcellsisatechnologicalrevolutionliketheriseoforganicchemicalsandmicroelectronics,anditwillinvolvemoretraditionalindustrialupgradingandreformsthatwillbringnewideas.Intheageofindustry,thefieldofsystemsbiologyscienceandengineeringhasshortenedthecycleofindustrialtransformationofscienceandtechnologythaninthepast.Thescientificandtechnologicaldecision-makingagenciesofEuropeanandAmericancountrieshaveformulatedreformmeasuresforeducation,scienceandtechnologyandindustrialsystemstowelcomethearrivalofthenewindustrialrevolution.
Общо въздействие на трите революции
1.Improvedproductiontoolsandtechnology,promotedeconomicdevelopmentandsocialproductivity;
2.Процесът, водещ до увеличаване на населението и урбанизация;
3.Насърчавайте промените в социалната и икономическата структура, промишленото производство доминира в националната икономика, а начинът на живот и ценностите на хората също са се променили;
4.Promotechangesintheclassstructureandpromotethecontinuousadjustmentoftheproductionrelationsofcapitalistcountries;
5.LeadtheEasttosubordinatetotheWest,formingthecapitalistruleoftheworld,Promotedtheformationofthecapitalistworldsystemandformedanunreasonableinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder;
6.Засяга плана на световната индустрия;
7.Интензифицира развитието на капиталовата икономикаТези дисбаланс.
Контраст
Начален час и условия
Thefirsttechnologicalrevolution(1860s)establishedtheruleofthebourgeoisieinBritainforoverseastrade,slavetradeandColonialplunderingaccumulatedalargeamountofcapital.Thefurtherpromotionoftheenclosuremovementresultedinthedevelopmentofalargenumberoflabor-employedworkshopsandthedevelopmentofhandicrafts,whichaccumulatedacertainamountofproductiontechnology.
Thesecondscientificandtechnologicalrevolution(1870s)Thecapitalistsystemestablishedworldwidecapitalaccumulationandthewantonplunderingofcolonization,whichaccumulatedalargeamountoffundsandmadebreakthroughprogressinnaturalsciences,theemergenceofworldmarketsandcapitalTheformationoftheworldsystemofismhasfurtherexpandedthedemandforcommodities.
Relationship
Therelationshipbetweenscientificrevolution,technologicalrevolutionandindustrialrevolution
Scientificrevolutionreferstothegreatprogressofscientifictheory,method,knowledge,etc.,fromthelibraryEn’sscientificrevolutionisoftenseenasabreakthroughinscientifictheories,concepts,andnorms,thatis,paradigmsormodels.Thebirthofnewdisciplinesextendstootherdisciplines,suchasthebirthofrelativity,quantumtheory,systemtheory,andcybernetics.Ledtoascientificrevolution.Theforerunnerofthescientificrevolutionsometimescamefromphilosophicaltrends,sometimesfrombreakthroughsintechnologyandexperiments.Thelatter,forexample,thediscoveryofroentgenraysledtothesubsequentrevolutioninphysics,thediscoveryoftheDNAdoublehelixstructureledtotheeraofmolecularbiology,etc.,butalsothescientificrevolution.Italsobroughtaboutatechnologicalrevolution,suchassystemscienceandcomputertechnology,geneticsandgeneticengineeringtechnology,andsystemsbiologyandsyntheticbiotechnology.Theindustrialrevolution,alsoknownastheindustrialrevolution,isbasedoneconomicandindustrialstructuralchanges,andismainlydeterminedbywhetherthetechnologicalrevolutionhasreachedaseriesofproductsthatleadtoaseriesofproductinnovationsintermsoftechnologyanddesign,givingbirthtoaseriesofinventionsanddesigns.Newproductsandevennewindustries,forexample,thesecondindustrialrevolution-electrificationistheemergenceofelectrifiedenergy,lighting,electricmotors,householdappliances,computers,etc.Theriseofsystemsbiologyandsystembioengineeringinthe21stcenturywillleadtocomputertechnology,nanotechnologyThehighdegreeofcrossoverandintegrationoftechnology,biotechnology,medicaltechnologyandotherdisciplineshasbroughtaboutacomprehensivebio-industrializationinthematerials,energy,andinformationindustries,andmaybringaboutanewroundofindustrialrevolution.
Характеристики на постиженията
Първата технологична революция в памучния текстил: изобретяването на серия от текстилни машини: усъвършенстваната парна машина на Watt (1785)
1.За първи път се случи в Обединеното кралство и Обединеното кралство е основното тяло;
2.Светлинната индустрия е водеща;
3.Steampowerкато основен символ;
4.TechnologyinventionMainlyfromthepracticalexperienceofworkersandtechnicians
Тези втора революция в науката и технологиите
1.Широко приложение на електрическа мощност (Siemens-генератор, Gram-мотор)
2.Създаването на двигатели с вътрешно горене и нови превозни средства (KarlBenz-автомобили с двигател с вътрешно горене, самолети на братя Райт)
3.Изобретяването на нови комуникационни методи (Bell-telephone, Marconi-Wirelesstelegraph)
1.Науката и технологиите започнаха да бъдат тясно интегрирани
2.Newtechnologicalinventionsoccurredalmostsimultaneouslyinseveralcountries
3. В някои страни индустриалната революция се пресича
Третата научна и технологична революция
Representedbytheapplicationofatomicenergytechnology,aerospacetechnology,andelectroniccomputers,includinghigh-techmaterialssuchassyntheticmaterials,molecularbiologyandgeneticengineeringtechnology.
1.Scienceandtechnologypromotethedevelopmentofproductivity,andthespeedoftransformationintodirectproductivityisaccelerating.
2. Тясна интеграция на науката и технологиите и взаимно насърчаване.
3.Взаимното проникване на различни области на науката и технологиите.
Въздействие върху Китай
Първата научна и технологична революция
3.Насърчава корекцията на международната икономическа структура-по-тесни връзки между различните региони;укрепване на националния капитализъм Съревновавайте се с науката и технологиите;разширете развитието
1.Greatlyimproveproductivity,promotetheconsolidationandextensiveestablishmentofthecapitalistsystem;
2.Направете големи промени в структурата на социалната класа,Все повече разцепване на две противоположни класи;
3.Majorchangeshavetakenplaceinthesocialandeconomicstructure,andtheurbanizationprocesshasbegun;
4. Промени в модела на света: Изтокът е подчинен на Запада
5.Liberalcapitalismhasdeveloped,andcolonialaggressionhasenteredaperiodofcommodityexports.
1.Стартира две опиумни войни, превръщайки Китай в полуколония и полуфеодално общество
2. Появата на модерната индустрия (появата на китайския национален капитализъм)
3 Напредналите китайци започнаха да се учат от Запада
Втората технологична революция
1.Насърчаване на бързото развитие на производителността;
2.Furtheradjustmentofproductionrelations:monopoliesandmonopolyorganizationsareformed,andmajorcapitalistcountriesentertheimperialiststage;
3.Пролетариатът расте,работническото движение постепенно достига своя връх
4. Първоначалното развитие на китайския национален капитализъм
Третата научна и технологична революция
1.Насърчава значително развитието на социалните производителни сили-—Промени в средствата за подобряване на производителността на труда;
2.Promotingchangesinthesocio-economicstructureandsociallifestructure—theproportionofthetertiaryindustryhasrisen.People'sdailylifesuchasfood,clothing,housingandtransportationchanges;theeconomicgapbetweenthecountryandthedevelopingcountries.Fordevelopingcountries,itisbothanopportunityandachallenge.
AfterthefoundingofNewChina,mycountry'sscienceandtechnologyhavealsobeenfurtherdeveloped.Withthereformandopeningup,theintroductionofforeignadvancedscienceandtechnologyhasmadegreatachievementsinthefieldofscienceandtechnology.Opportunitiesandchallengescoexist.
4.Thephilosophicalenlightenmentofthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution:
(1)Itsappearanceistheneedofpractice,theproductofthedevelopmentofsocialproductivity,anditpromotessocialprogressandproductivitydevelopment
(2)Therearecommonalitiesaswellastheirowncharacteristics.Theyaretheunityofcommonalityandindividuality,andtheunityofuniversalityandparticularity.
(3) Не само допринесе за раждането на марксизма, но и насърчи развитието на марксизма. (Марксизмът продължава да се развива с развитието на практиката и науката)
5.Как да се изправим пред новатанаучна и технологична революция:
(1)Asacountry,insistontakingeconomicconstructionasthecenter,Layamaterialfoundationforthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology;developscienceandeducation,implementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation;attachimportancetotalents,andestablishaknowledgeinnovationsystem.
(2)Fromanindividualpointofview,studyhard,activelyparticipateinsocialpractice,andpayattentiontothecultivationofinnovativeconsciousnessandspirit.
(3)Fromaneconomicpointofview,fullyunderstandthattechnologyistheprimaryproductiveforce,understanditsroleinsocialproduction,relyontechnologyandimproveefficiencytoachievethetransformationofeconomicgrowthmode.
(4)Fromapoliticalperspective,thefocusofinternationalcompetitionhaschanged,andthekeyfactorindetermininginternationalstatusistechnology.Itisnecessarytofullyexercisenationalfunctions,andmaketherevitalizationofscienceandtechnologyandthedevelopmentofeducationthefocusofthenationalstrategy.
(5)Forthevastnumberofdevelopingcountries,facingthesurgingwaveofthethirdtechnologicalrevolution,opportunitiesandchallengesandpressurecoexist.Accordingtothecharacteristicsofthecountry,formulatecorrespondingeconomic,technological,andsocialdevelopmentstrategies,andstrivetonarrowtheeconomicgapwithdevelopedcountries.Exploringapathsuitableforthecountry'srapiddevelopmentistheprimarytaskfacingthevastnumberofdevelopingcountries.
6Therelationshipbetweenscience,technology,andproductioninthethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution:
(1)Inthethirdscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,science,technology,andproductionTheconnectionbetweenthepeoplehasbeengreatlystrengthened.
(2)Scienceprovidesthepossibilityofmaterialization,technologyprovidesmaterializationreality,andproductionbecomestheconcreterealizationprocessofmaterialization.
(3)Forscience,technologyisanextensionofscience;fortechnology,scienceisthesublimationoftechnology;forproduction,scienceandtechnologyisanecessaryprerequisiteforitspracticalactivities.
(4)Thethreeinterpenetrateandinfluenceeachother,resultinginaninseparabletrend,ascitedinthe"ScienceandTechnologyRevolution"entryinthethirdeditionoftheEncyclopediaoftheSovietUnion.Word.