Psychologie
Odkažte na další výzkumnou metodu manipulace s určitými proměnnými pod kontrolou, abyste mohli prozkoumat jejich vliv na jiné proměnné.
Experimentalmethod:referstoamethodofpurposefullycontrollingcertainconditionsorcreatingcertainsituationstoinducecertainpsychologicalactivitiesofthesubjectsforresearch.
Laboratoryexperimentmethod
Thisreferstoamethodthatusescertainfacilities,controlscertainconditionsinthelaboratory,andconductsresearchwiththehelpofspecialexperimentalequipment.Awaytoexploretherelationshipbetweenindependentvariablesanddependentvariables.
Laboratoryexperimentmethodsareconvenientforstrictlycontrollingvariousfactors,andtestingandrecordingexperimentaldatathroughspecialinstruments,whichgenerallyhavehighreliability.Usuallyusedtostudythepsychologicalprocessandthephysiologicalmechanismofcertainmentalactivities.Butforthestudyofpersonalitypsychologyandothermorecomplexpsychologicalphenomena,thismethodstillhascertainlimitations.
Naturalexperimentmethod
Thisisamethodofcreatingandcontrollingcertainconditionsinapurposefulandplannedwayundernaturalconditionssuchasdailylife.
Thenaturalexperimentmethodisrelativelyclosetotherealityofhumanlife,iseasytoimplement,andhastheadvantagesofbothexperimentalmethodandobservationmethod,sothismethodiswidelyusedinthestudyofeducationalpsychology,childpsychologyandsocialpsychologyAlargenumberoftopicstolearn.
Pedagogy
Educationexperimentmethodisbasedoncertainteachingtheoryhypotheses,carriedoutinteachingpractice,usingnecessarycontrolmethodsandstrategies,changingresearchobjects,andexploringthecauseandeffectofteachingAregularscientificresearchactivity.Predictabilityandinterventionarethetwomostnotablecharacteristicsofexperimentalmethods.
Communications
Theexperimentalmethodsincommunicationarederivedfromexperimentalpsychology,andaregenerallydividedintotwotypes:controlledexperimentalmethodsandnaturalexperimentalmethods.Thecontrolledexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodinwhichtheresearchisconductedindoorsandsomeexperimentalfactorsareartificiallycontrolledduringtheresearch.Thenaturalexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodthatputstheexperimentinthesocialenvironmentandconductsitnaturally.Experimentalresearchoncommunicationbeganinthelate1920s.The1927-1932PennFoundation's"TheImpactofMoviesonYoungPeople"canbesaidtobetherudimentaryformofcommunicationexperimentalresearch.Inthe1940s,GestaltpsychologistLuYinusednaturalexperimentstoobservethecommunicationactivitieswithinthegroupwhenhewasstudyingtheinterpersonalrelationshipofsmallgroups.DuringandafterWorldWarII,psychologistHofland'sresearchonpersuasionandattitudechangeusingcontrolledexperimentationbroughttheexperimentalresearchofcommunicationtoapeak.Someimportantcommunicationtheorieswereconfirmedinexperiments,andtheexperimentalmethodbecamecommunication.Mainstreamresearchmethodsoflearning.
Metoda
Poměrně malý konkrétní trh, vezměte si jistý faktor komoditní operace jako benchmark, jako je kvalita komodity, balení, design, reklama, cena, zobrazení atd. Odezva zákazníka měřená pomocí experimentů a poté na základě výsledků, je určeno.
Theexperimentalmethodusuallyadoptsthefollowingtwomethods:
(1)Changingcommodityfactors.Underthesamemarketconditions,firstmeasurethevariousfactorsundernormaloperatingconditions,andthenmeasurethesituationafteracertaincommodityfactor(suchasprice,packaging,advertising,etc.)changes,anddeterminetheeffectofthecommodityonthepurchasebytheeffectofsales.Theinfluenceofbehavior.
(2)Changethesurveyarea.Forexample,duetochangesinthemarketsituation,changesinthepurchasingpowerofcommodities,aswellaschangesinprices,consumerpsychology,andseasonalchanges,theresultsoftheexperimentwillbeaffectedtovaryingdegrees.Iftheoperatingconditionsofdifferentregionsarecomparedatthesametime,theeffectoftheexperimentwillbegreatlyimproved.Forexample,thesametypeofgoodsaretestedintwocompanieswithroughlythesameconditionsinaspecificpackagingform,andthentheresultsaremeasuredtounderstandtheimpactofthistypeofpackagingonpurchasingbehavior.
Basicelements
Theexperimentalmethodisdesignedaccordingtoacertaincausalhypothesis.Underhighlycontrolledconditions,certainfactorsaremanipulatedartificiallytotestwhetherthetwophenomenaareThereisacertaincausalconnectionresearchmethod.Asaspecificresearchmethod,theexperimentalmethodinvolvesthreepairsofbasicelements:
nezávisléproměnnéazávisléproměnné;
pre-testpost-testTest;
Experimentální skupina a kontrolní skupina.