Klasifikace povolání
Správci sítě jsou správní správci u komerčních poskytovatelů internetových služeb otevřených veřejnosti." Správa sítě" je velmi vágní koncept, který lze jednoduše rozdělit na:
Networkadministrator:responsiblefornetworkarchitecturedesign,installation,andconfiguration.Themainpersonnelareemployeesofmostsystemintegrationcompanies.
Systemadministrator:Responsiblefortheinstallation,configuration,andoperationofthenetworkserver.ThemainpersonnelarethesystemadministratorsoftheITheadquartersoflargecompanies.
Clientadministrator(desktopsupport):Responsibleforsolvingend-userproblems,suchasreinstallingtheclient,solvingproblemssuchasinabilitytoaccesstheInternet,andvirusesinthemachine.ThemainpersonnelareITadministratorsofsmallcompaniesandnetworkadministratorsofInternetcafes..
JobResponsibilities
InfrastructureManagement
(1)Zajišťuje hladkou síťovou komunikaci a přenos;
(2)MastertheconfigurationofbackboneequipmentCircumstancesandconfigurationparameterchanges,backuptheconfigurationfilesofeachdevice;
(3)Equipthebackboneequipmentrunningthecriticalbusinessnetworkwithcorrespondingbackupdevicesandconfigurethemashotbackupdevices;
(4)Responsibleforthemanagementofthenetworkwiringdistributionframetoensurethatthewiringisreasonableandorderly;
(5)Graspthestatusoftheclientequipmentaccessingthenetwork,sothatyoucanquicklylocatetheproblemwhenyoufindit;
(6)Taketechnicalmeasurestomanagethesituationwhereusersoftenneedtochangelocationanddepartmentinthenetwork;
(7)Mastertheconnectionconfigurationwiththeexternalnetwork,andsuperviseNetworkcommunicationstatus,contactrelevantagenciesintimeafterdiscoveringproblems;
(8)Real-timemonitoringoftheoperationoftheentirelocalareanetworkandnetworkcommunicationtrafficconditions;
(9)DevelopandpublishnetworkfoundationsFacilitiesusemanagementmethodsandsupervisetheirimplementation.
Operatingsystemmanagement
(1)Afterthenetworkoperatingsystemisconfiguredandputintonormaloperation,inordertoensurethenormaloperationofthenetworkoperatingsystem,thenetworkadministratorshouldfirstbeabletousethesystemproficientlyProvidevariousmanagementtoolsoftware,real-timesupervisetheoperationofthesystem,findanddealwithfaultsignsintime.
(2)Duringthenetworkoperation,thenetworkadministratorshouldkeepabreastofthenetworksystemconfigurationandconfigurationparameterchanges,andbackuptheconfigurationparameters.Networkadministratorsshouldalsodynamicallyadjustsystemconfigurationparameterstooptimizesystemperformanceinaccordancewithchangesinthesystemenvironment,businessdevelopmentneeds,anduserneeds.
(3)Správci sítě by měli vytvořit zálohu
systemforthekeynetworkoperatingsystemservertopreparefordisasterprevention.
Applicationsystemmanagement
(1)Ensuretheuninterruptedoperationofvariousnetworkapplicationservicesandthegoodperformanceofthework.Intheeventofafailure,thelossandimpactcausedbythefailureshouldbecontrolledWithintheminimumrange.
(2)Forcriticalnetworkapplicationsystemsthatrequireuninterruptibility,inadditiontomasteringandbackingupsystemparametersinsoftwaremeans,andregularlybackingupsystembusinessdata,itisnecessarytoestablishandConfigurethehotbackupofthesystem.
(3)Fornetworkapplicationserviceswithhighuseraccessfrequencyandsystemload,networkadministratorsshouldalsotakesharedtechnicalmeasureswhennecessary.
Správa uživatelských služeb
(1)Otevření a zrušení uživatelského účtu;
(2)Nastavení a správa uživatelských skupin;
(3)Authoritymanagementandquotamanagementoftheservicesandresourcesavailabletousers;
(4)Správa fakturace uživatelů;
(5)Includingtechnicalsupportservicesforusers’desktopnetworkedcomputersAnduser-sidesupportservicesforusertechnicaltrainingservices.
Řízení zabezpečení a důvěrnosti
(1)Zabezpečení a důvěrnost jsou dva aspekty téhož problému. Zabezpečení se týká především zabránění vnějším útokům a narušení sítě.
Confidentialitymainlyreferstopreventingtheleakageofinformationinsidethenetwork.
(2)Forordinary-levelnetworks,themaintaskofthenetworkadministratoristoconfigureandmanagethesystemfirewall.Inordertobeabletodetectandpreventnetworkhackerattacksintime,anintrusiondetectionsystemcanbeaddedtoprovidesecurityprotectionforkeyservices.
(3)Fornetworksthatrequirehighlevelsofsecurityandconfidentiality,networkadministratorsshouldnotonlytaketheabove-mentionedmeasures,butalsobeequippedwithanetworksecurityvulnerabilityscanningsystem,andtakedisasterrecoverytechniquesforkeynetworkservers.
(4)Amorestringentsecret-relatedcomputernetworkalsorequiresabsoluteisolationfromexternalpubliccomputernetworks.Securitymeasuresmustbetakenfortheroomswheresecret-relatednetworkcomputersandnetworkbackboneequipmentareplaced,andmanagementandTocontroltheentryandexitofpersonnel,theworkingconditionsofsecret-relatednetworkusersmustbefullymanagedandmonitored.
Správa rezerv informací
(1)Použijte všechny možné technické prostředky a opatření správy k ochraně bezpečnosti informací v síti.
(2)Forsystemsanddatathatdonotrequirehighlevelsofreal-timework,atleastnetworkadministratorsshouldalsoperformregularmanualbackups.
(3)Forkeybusinessservicesystemsanddataandinformationwithhighreal-timerequirements,networkadministratorsshouldestablishastoragebackupsystemforcentralizedbackupmanagement.
(4) Konečně je velmi důležité, aby záloha dat byla kdykoli uložena na bezpečném místě.
Správa počítačové místnosti
(1) Zvládněte kabeláž datového komunikačního kabelu v počítačové místnosti, zajistěte přiměřenou kabeláž při přidávání nebo odebírání zařízení a pohodlnou správu a údržbu;
(2)Inchargeofthepowersupplylinearrangementofequipmentinthecomputerroom,payattentiontothereasonableconfigurationoftheloadwhenaddingorreducingequipment;
(3)Managethetemperature,humidityandventilationconditionsofthenetworkcomputerroomtoprovideasuitableworkingenvironment;
(4)Zajistěte normální provoz různých zařízení v počítačové místnosti v síti;
(5)Zajistěte, aby počítačová místnost v síti splňovala požadavky na požární bezpečnost, monitorování požárního zbroje
Thesystemisworkingproperlyandthefirefightingmeasuresareeffective;
(6)Takemeasurestoensurethesafeoperationofnetworkequipmentunderunattendedconditionswhentheexternalpowersupplyisunexpectedlyinterruptedandrestored;
(7)KeepthecomputerroomcleanandcleanInordertorecordtheoperationlogofthenetworkcomputerroomontime,formulatethenetworkcomputerroommanagementsystemandsupervisetheimplementation.
Ostatní
(1) Spolupracujte s ostatními odděleními při výstavbě místních sítí oddělení a navrhujte plány a normy.
(2) Spolupracujte s tímto bezpečnostním oddělením na shromažďování důkazů o špatném chování v síti.
(3)Uvědomte si zpětnou vazbu služby centra sítě a včas nahlaste informace o provozu sítě.
Professional Positioning
Nejprve jsou správci počítačových sítí profesí, která „existuje a pak definuje“.
Computernetworkadministrator(abbreviatedasnetworkadministrator)isaboomingandemergingprofession.Injustafewyears,ithasbecomeamust-havejobpositioninmostcompanies,andithasalsobecomeayearningformanyyoungpeople.Occupation.Networkadministratorsarealsoa“pre-existingandthendefining”profession.Thelaggingprofessionalstandardsofnetworkadministratorsandthelackoftraditionaleducationhavemadesociety
generallyhavemanydoubtsaboutthisprofession,whetheritisajobsearchThefollowingquestionsexistforemployersandemployers:Whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatspecificworkdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtodo?Whatarethenecessaryskillsasanetworkadministrator?Howtotrainqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrators?For"networkadministrators"practitioners,howdotheyacquirerelevantknowledgeandskills?
Secondly,networkadministratorsmustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning.
Lifelonglearningistheterminatoroftheconcept,system,structure,andorganizationoftraditionaleducation.Itsvalueconceptisderivedfromthecurrentsituationoftheexplosionofknowledgeandtherapidincreaseofinformationincontemporarysociety,andithasbecomeanewwayoflifeinmoderntimes.Intraditionalknowledgeeducation,thereisnoprofessionalsettingfornetworkadministrators.Inaddition,teachingthatemphasizestheorycannotmeettherequirementsofworkthatemphasizeshands-onability.Practitionerscanonlymeettheneedsoftheirpositionsbyconstantlylearningandexploringatwork;ontheotherhand,ITtechnologyisundoubtedlyoneofthemostrapidlydevelopingtechnologiesinthisera,anditspopularityandapplicationspeedisalsounparalleled.Thisrequiresthat"networkadministrators"mustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning,learnandmasterthelatestandmostpracticaltechnologiesthroughvariouschannelssuchasparticipatingintraining,self-study,andcommunication,andbuildandimprovetheirowntechnicalsystem.
Finally,whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatskillsdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtomaster?
Accordingtothebusinessnatureandscaleofenterprises,thejobrequirementsofnetworkadministratorsarealsoquitedifferent.Companieswithlarge-scaleITinformationsystemshaveafinerdivisionoflabor.Networkadministratorsmayonlyneedtoberesponsibleforthenetworkoperationandmaintenanceofthecomputerroom;whilesomesmallcompanieshaveonlyonenetworkadministrator,andhe(she)maynotonlyberesponsiblefortheoperationandmaintenanceoftheITsystem.Inadditiontotheequipmentmanagementofthecompany,itisalsoresponsiblefornetworkmanagementandsystemmanagement,andsomecompaniesneednetworkadministratorstodosomesimplewebsiteconstructionandwebpageproduction.
Inshort,therequirementsfornetworkadministratorsarebasicallylargeandcomprehensive.Theydon'tneedtobeproficient,buttheyhavetounderstandeverything.Therefore,tosumup,aqualifiednetworkadministratorisbesttohavesolidtheoreticalknowledgeandapplicationskillsinthesixaspectsofnetworkoperatingsystem,networkdatabase,networkequipment,networkmanagement,networksecurity,andapplicationdevelopment.Tobehandy,withease.
Prerequisiteskills
TheSunSolaris10operatingsystemcertificationnetworkadministratorexamisforcandidateswhohavemorethanthreeyearsofmanagingSunsystemsinanetworkedenvironmentornetwork,andmusthavepassedTheSunCertifiedSystemAdministratorexamisrequiredtotakethisexam.Thiscertificationexamexamineswhethercandidateshavein-depthmasteryofnetworkmanagementskills,suchastheknowledgecoveredintheSA-300-S10courseware.Theexamincludesmultiplechoicequestions,situationalquestions,drag-and-dropquestions,andrequirescandidatestohaveawiderangeofknowledgeinSolarisnetworkmanagement,includinghowtoconfigureandmanagethenetworkinterfacelayer,network(internetlayerandtransportlayer),networkapplicationsandSolarisIPfilter.
Linuxiscurrentlyoneofthemostcompetitiveoperatingsystems.TheChinesegovernmenthastakenthedevelopmentofLinuxasastrategytopromotethedevelopmentofChina’sindependentoperatingsystem.Turbolinux(China)EducationandTrainingCenteristhefirstdomesticinstitutiontoofficiallycarryoutLinuxtraining.Ithasagroupofhigh-qualityLinuxexperts.TheyarenotonlythebestinLinuxtechnology,butalsogoodattranslatingesoterictruthsandcomplexconceptstotheeasiestExplaintostudentsinanunderstandingway.
Správa uživatele, bez ohledu na to, zda se jedná o UNIX nebo NT, je první pro správu uživatele.Asanovice, musíte nejprve okamžitě pochopit operace přidávání, mazání a omezování uživatelů. To zahrnuje dva aspekty:
Oneistolearntouseafriendlygraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolset,intheSUNSolarissystemisthe/usr/bin/admintoolstoolsetintheOpenwinenvironment;usedinSCOUNIXSysadmshmanagementShellisusedtomanageusers;inNovellsystem,usersandusergroupscanbeadded,deleted,andrestrictedsettingscanbecompletedbyusingtheSysconmenu.Forthesamebatchmanagementofmultipleusers,usethemakeusranduserdefutilitiestoDo;inNT,usethedomainusermanagementtoolorusermanagementtoolunderthemanagementtool(common)groupintheprogramgroup.Usingthesetools,youcancreate,delete,lock,andrestrictpermissionsforusersverysimplyandclearly.TheusergroupmanagementunderNTandthesystempropertiesprograminthecontrolpanelmanagetheuserenvironmentsettingprofile,usetheSystemPolicyEditortoconfigureadomain-widecomputeroruser-basedconfigurationandwriteloginscripts.
Thesecondistolearnusermanagementunderthecharactercommandline,mainlyintheUNIXorLinuxenvironment,includingeditingtoolsVi,emacs,etc.tooperate/etc/passwdordirectlyuseaddusr,deleusrandotherusermanagementCommandandusethepwconvcommandtomakethe/etc/passwdconsistentwiththeshadowfile,useSCO's/etc/rmusercommandtodeleteusers,usethenewgrpcommandtoadduserstoanewgroup,andincludethecommandmkdirforcreatinguserdirectories,whichisassignedtouserattributesThegroupattributecommandschownandchgrp,andtheuserarealimitcommandquotalimitthesizeoftheuserareatopreventtheuserareafromoccupyingtoomuchharddiskspaceandcausingthesystemtocrash.Amongthem,aspecialreminder,ifyouwanttostrictlyrestrictuserpermissions,theuser'sregisteredshellcanuse/usr/lib/rsh.Theuser's.profileand.loginfilescanusethesystemstandardconfigurationfile,oryoucansetthecorrespondingsettingsinthe.profile,andusetheSUcommandorSUUsernametoentertheuserenvironmentforspecificdetection.Inaddition,fortheuser'smessagepublishingsystem,thealertfunctionisusedinNTtosendout,andthecomputer|sendmessagefunctionintheServerManagerisusedfortheremotehost.UsethesendcommandinNovell.InUNIX,thewallorwritecommandisused.Youcanalsousethedailymessagefile/etc/motdorthenewscommandtoissuethecontentsofthe/usr/newfile.
Správa zabezpečení a protokolu
Asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletofindthecauseofthefailureofthesystemaccident,whichinvolvesobservingandanalyzingthevariouslogsofthesystem.InNT,usetheEventViewerintheAdministrativeToolsmenutoviewtheSYSTEM,SECURITY,andAPPLICATIONlogfilesofthesystem.ForNetware,theerrorlogistheSYS$LOG.ERRfile,whichcanbeobservedandrecordedthroughviewfileservererrorlogundersupervisoroptionsinthesysconmenu.Inaddition,thevolumeerrorlogfileistheVOL$LOG.LOGandtransactiontrackingprocessingineachvolume.SystemerrorlogfileSYS:TTS$LOG.ERRfileinthevolume;variouslogsinUNIXincludethesystemerrorregistrationfilemessageinthe/usr/admdirectory,thelogfilesulogusingthesucommand,andthelasttimeeachuserrecordsTheregistrationfilelastlogoftheregistrationtime,therelevantinformationfilewtmpoftheregisteredusersinthesystem,thecontentitemfileacctofthecommandsexecutedbyeachuser,andtherelevantinformationfileutmpofthecurrentregistereduserinthe/etcdirectoryandlogfilesgeneratedbyotherapplications.Forsomeoftheselogfiles,youcanusethewhoorwcommandtoviewthelogged-inusersofthecurrentsystem(intheXENIXsystem,youcanalsousethewhodocommandtodeterminethebehaviorofthecurrentuser);thelastcommandtoviewthepreviousloginstatus,thesecommandscanbeusedincombinationGrepperformsconditionalcontrolselectionfiltering;usefindtoviewfilesandtheirowners,especiallytomonitorprocessesandfileswithrootaccessrights,andtocheckbootfiles/etc/inetd.conf,/etc/rc.local,/etc/passwdandcornOrthefilesrunbyat,andusethecorntab-landcorntab-rcommandstolistanddeletetheuser'scorntabfiles;usels-lRtogeneratethemainchecklist,andperiodicallygeneratenewtables,usethediffcommandtocompare,anduseThenewtablepassedtheinspectionbecomesthenewmaininspectiontableuntilthenextinspection.Personally,Istronglyrecommendcommentingoutallthecommandfilesstartingwithrininetd.conf,andremovingalltheitemsin/etc/hosts.equiv,anddoesnotallowuserstosetuppersonal.rhostsfiles,sothatthetrustedhostisnotsetuporisEmptytostrengthenthesecurityofthesystem.
Správa systémového procesu
InUNIX,systemreportcommandsincludedftoreportthenumberoffreediskblocks;dutosummarizediskusage;nicetochangethecommandSetpriority;Pstatisusedtoreportsysteminformation,suchasnodetableorprocesstable;sarisusedtoreportsystemactivitystatus,suchasCPUusageandbufferactivitystatus;timeisusedtoprintthepasttime,systemtimeandcommandExecutiontime;uptimeisusedtoreporttheactivitystatusofthesystem,suchassystemstartuptimeandrunningtime;vmsfatisusedtoreportthenumberofpagesandsystemstatistics,suchasthebranchpoint.Theps-auxinBSDUNIXortheps-efinsystemVandthepsauxinLINUXareusedtoviewtheprocessstatusanditshost,andusethekillcommandtostopabnormalprocessesintime.InNT,TaskManagerisusedtoviewtheusageofcpuandmemory,processmanagement,andperformancemonitorisalsousedforstatusmonitoringtomaketimelyadjustments.Itisworthnotingthatwiththeexpansionofnetworkapplications,viruseshavebecomeamajorthreattonetworksecurity.Forthisreason,installingvirusdetectionandremovaltoolsonthenetworkhasbecomeamustfornetworkmanagement.
Správa zálohování
Asamoreimportantsystem,timelybackupisnecessary,soyoumustdevelopthehabitoftimelyandregularbackupfromthebeginning.Masterthebasicmethodsandstepsofbackup,andusebasicbackupandrestorecommands,suchas:NTBackupprograminthemanagementtoolsetinNT.BecausethereisnoschedulingcapabilityinBackup,thebackupmustbecompletedmanuallyorscheduledwiththeATcommandline;andthird-partybackupsolutionsareused.SystemVinUNIXusestar,cpio,backup,restor,rolcopy,BSDusestar,dump,restor,etc.,andSCOusessysadminforfilesystembackupandfilerecovery.Thebackupmustalsomakeaplantospecifywhenandwhatkindofbackup,includingfullbackupandincrementalbackup.Forexample,youcandoafullbackuponceaweekandanincrementalbackupeveryday,orifthesystemdoesnotchangefrequently,youcanperformafullbackuponceamonth.,Incrementalbackuponceaweek.Recoveryandfault-tolerantmanagementWhenthesystemfails,asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletolocateandsolvetheproblem.Thisreliesontheanalysisoftheconsoleerrormessagesandlogfiles,andmoreimportantly,thedailybackupandemergencysystemdiskpreparation.ForNT,itistocreatesystembootdisks,emergencyrepairdisks,etc.,anduseDiskAdminstratortocreateRAIDoperationssuchasmirroring.ForUNIX,italsoreliesontheestablishmentofthesysteminstallationdiskandemergencyrepairdisk.Inparticular,aftermakinganychangestothesystem,youmustregenerateanewsystemrecoverydisk,performasynchronousbackupandusesingle-usermodetoeliminatemostoftheproblemsofthesystem,thatis,usetheboot-singlecommandwhenstarting,whichisakey.Ofcourse,theadministrator'spasswordmustnotbeforgotten,otherwise,itwillcausealotoftrouble,butfortheadministrator,heandotherusershaveimposedrestrictionsontheuseofpasswords,suchaspasswordlengthanddaterestrictionsandotherrestrictions,Isverynecessary.Toosimplepasswordsoftencauseinsecurity.Intermsoffaulttolerance,italsoincludesfrequentlyrunningvariousmaintenancesystemcommands,suchasthesuperblockmaintenancecommandSYNC,andthefilesystemcheckcommandfsck.
Paměť
Filesystemandswitchmachinemanagementareinallmulti-usersystems.Duetothewidespreaduseoffilebuffering,filemodificationsarecarriedoutinmemory.Afterwritingtothedisk,thekernelprogramperiodicallyrefreshesthesebufferstokeepthefilesandbufferssynchronized.Therefore,shuttingdownthesystemwithoutterminatingitwilloftencausesynchronizationdamageandfilesystemerrors.InNT,usetheshutdownsystemoptioninthebootmenutoshutdownthesystem;UNIXusesshutdown,halt(haltsys),rebootandothercommands.Itisgenerallyrecommendedtouseshutdownplusparameterstoshutdownorenterthesingle-userbackupstate.Thepowercannotbeturnedoffuntiltheshutdownprocedureiscompleted.Inanycase,thismustbekeptinmind.
Inaddition,whenmaintainingthefilesystem,youshouldalwaysrunthesuperblockconsistencycommandsync,filesystemcheckanderrormodificationcommandfsck,andusethemkfscommandwhencreatinganewfilesystem.SystemV'sfsstatwillreportthefilesystemStatus,anddevicemanagementcommandsmount,umount.NOVELLusestheFILERmenutomanagethefilesystemofthefileserver.
Správa sítě
Správa sítě, včetně ladění e-mailu, DNS a WWW. Pro e-mail, používá název_souboru sendmail-bt-Cnebo nejprve e-mailového uživatele,potételnethost110,apoužijtepop3příkazy,jako jeuživatelskéjméno;passwd;seznam;retr*;ukončení,adresy ladění,můžete vidět NS správně vyřešeno.V případě WWW je zkontrolováno prostřednictvím prohlížeče.Dodatečně zkontrolujte protokol procházení pod~/httpd /.Pro NT,zkontrolujte, zda každýservisníprogram běží normálně přes správce serveru v nástroji pro správu.Ostatní kroky detekce jsou stejné jako v systému UNIX, kromě toho, že se nepoužívá příkaz pro odesílání pošty.Telnethost25,použijtehostitel,odesílejtefrom:<vaše jméno@název hostitele>,l;,usger; itadalšípříkazymtpprodetekci.PříkazyPOP3jsou všechny stejné.
ThemanagementofWWWiscarriedoutdirectlythroughtheonlinemanagementmethodintheformofhttp.Theoperationissimpleandclear,andthereshouldbenoproblems.Inaddition,inthedailymanagementofthenetwork,itincludesusingpingtoviewthenetworkconnectionstatus,netstattoviewtheprotocolstatisticsandthecurrentnetworkconnectionstatus,ifconfigtosetthenetworkinterface,andtracerttomonitortheroutingstatus.ForNTsystems,inadditiontotheabovecommands,italsoincludestheuseof/winnt/system32/Regedit32tocontroltheregistry,IPconfigtoviewIPsettings,andtheuseoftheNetworkmonitorsupportingtheNTservertoperformnetworkloadandperformancestatistics.TheNovellsystemusestheNETADMINutilityorthegraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolNetwareAdminstratortomanageandplanthenetwork,andusethemonitormenutomonitorthestatusofthelocalserver.Comparedwiththethird-partytoolsetofUNIX,thenetworkmanagementsoftwarethatcanberunasamanagermainlyincludesHP'sOpenView,BAY'soptivity,IBM'sNetviewandSUN'sSunNetManager.
Schopnosti
1: Pochopení návrhu sítě
Haveawealthofnetworkdesignknowledge,familiarwithnetworkwiringspecificationsandconstructionspecifications,understandswitches,routers,serversandothernetworksEquipment,masterthebasictechnologyoflocalareanetworkandrelatedtechnologies,plananddesignlocalareanetworksandwideareanetworksincludingrouting,andprovidecompletesolutionsforsmallandmedium-sizednetworks.
2:Výstavba hlavní sítě
Masterthebasicnetworkknowledge,deeplyunderstandtheTCP/IPnetworkprotocol,andindependentlycompletetheinstallation,connection,configurationandoperationofnetworkequipmentsuchasroutersandswitches,Buildamulti-layeredexchangecorporatenetworktorealizenetworkinterconnectionandInternetconnection.Mastertheuseofnetworksoftwaretools,quicklydiagnose,locateandeliminatenetworkfaults,andcorrectlyuse,maintainandmaintainhardwaredevices.
3:Seznámíte se se zabezpečením sítě
Designandimplementacompletenetworksecuritysolutiontoreducetheriskoflossandattack.IntheInternetandlocalareanetworks,routers,switches,andapplications,andevensecuritydevicesthatarenotstrictlymanaged,mayallbecometargetsofattacks.Networkadministratorsmustgoalloutandstrengthentheirguardtopreventthreatstoinformationsecurity,informationintegrity,anddailybusinessoperationsfromhackers,outsiders,andevendissatisfiedemployees.
4:Seznámení se síťovými operačními systémy
FamiliarwithWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems,withtheuseofadvancedWindowsandLinuxplatforms,toprovideenterpriseswithsuccessfuldesign,implementationandmanagementofbusinesssolutionsability.
5:Pochopte webovou databázi
UnderstandthebasicprinciplesofWebdatabase,beabletocarryoutimplementationandmanagementworkaroundWebdatabasesystem,andrealizethecomprehensiveapplicationofenterprisedata.
6:Kvalita a kvalita
Haveastrongthirstforknowledgeandtheabilitytolearnbyoneself,Englishreadingabilityofrelevantcomputerprofessionalvocabulary,practicalability,strongadaptability,keenobservationAbilityandexcellentanalyticaljudgment.
ProfessionalCertification
SunSolaris10OperatingSystemCertifiedNetworkAdministratorZkouška se zaměřovala na síťové prostředí nebo kandidáty sítě, kteří spravují systém Sun déle než tři roky.
MCSACertifikaceje pro ty, kteří implementují, spravují a spravují existující sítě a systémy v prostředí platforem Microsoft Windows 2003, Windows a .NET Server Určeno pro profesionály pracující na odstraňování problémů atd. Odpovědnosti MCSA zahrnují správu komponent, správu systému a konfiguraci systému.
Inaddition,networkadministratorcertificationincludesChinaNationalSoftwareLevelExaminationcertification(thiscertificateisrecognizedbyJapanandSouthKoreainadditiontodomesticcertification),Ciscocertification,andsoon.
Networkmanagementtaboo
Toocautious
Thewholemeaningof"Mr.Security"istopreventanythingsthatarenotconducivetohisnetworkfromhappening.Thelineisoperatedbythecontractor.Thecabinet,patchpanel,routerandUPSareallinstalledbythemanufacturer.Allhehastodoistoputadustymouseballinhisdrawer.ThisisjusttosatisfyNeedtouseitasareplacement.Hiswaytoavoidconflictistolockthesystemtightlysothatnooneoranythingcanchangethesystem.Sometimesthismeansthattheonlythinguserscandoisloginandmodifytheirownpassword,andthepasswordmaybecomeinvalideverytimeitisused.Runningprogramsandeditingfilesistoodangerousforusers,souserscanonlyfacealogininterfaceandanormaldesktopsystem.Thistypeofadministratorhasneverencounteredavirusattackformanyyears,andwillneverencounteritinthefuture.HenotonlydisabledtheUSBslotintheBIOSofeachworkstation,buttheBIOSwasalsopassword-protected,andeventhejackwassealedwithgluetopreventtinydatafromleakingoutthroughtheUSBstoragedevice.Themailserverisnotallowedtoinstallanyotherattachments;
Ifthenetworklinechanges,theworkstationwillnotbeabletostart;thehardwareequipmentofthesystemhasbeenfixed,losingtheflexibilityoftheequipment.Ifsomeonetriestoopenthecasingofthemachine,asmallexplosivedevicewillmakethemachineunusable(andpossiblyharmtheoperatoratthesametime).
Updatethenetworkfrequently
Regardlessofwhetheryouwanthimtodosoornot,thistypeofnetworkadministratorwillmanageapplicationandsystemupgradesthroughremotecontrol.Automaticallyshutdownyourworkstationattheendofeveryday,andyoucan'tstophimfromdoingso,becausehesetseveryworkstationonthenetworkto"WakeonLAN"mode.Ifyoureallywanttostophim,youmustdisconnectthenetworkcablefromyourworkstation.Whenyouleaveworkat5pm,yourcomputerisstillfullyfunctional,butwhenyougotoworkthenextmorning,youwillfindthatyoursystemhascompletelychangedtoanotherappearance,andyoucan’tfindanyprogramsyouusedyesterday..
Jobisrigid
S tímto typem administrátora se lze často setkat u vedoucích administrativních záležitostí v departementu Spojeného království. Pokud ho požádáte, aby udělal něco výjimečného, odpoví vám: "To je nad rámec mých pracovních povinností."
TrytobringaUSBstoragedevicetotheofficewhileheisondutyandseewhathappens!Ifheputsthisstoragedeviceinhislunchbagwhenheisnotpayingattention,hewillevenhavetodealwithhisderelictionofduty.Ifonedayhefindsthatthee-mailsentbyacertainmachineisnotcompletelyrelatedtowork,hewillthinkthatthisisaworkaccidentthatshouldnothaveoccurred.
Donotconsidertheconsequences
Thistypeofadministratorwhodoesnotconsidertheconsequencesisalwaysexperimentingwithvariousnewpatchesorupgrades.
Mostwisenetworkadministratorswilldoatestonasmalltestnetworkbeforeapplyinganewsolutiontoanexistingsystem.However,thistypeofadministratordirectlyoperatesintheexistingsystem,whichoftenbringsunnecessaryannoyancetotheuseofusers,whichissomewhatsimilartotheresponseofuserstoadministratorswhofrequentlyupdatethenetwork.Thedifferenceisthatanadministratorwhofrequentlyupdatesthenetworkwilldefinitelytrytoensurethathisproductsorupgradesaretrulyeffectiveandwillnotcauseanyotherimpactonthenetworkandusers.
Treatthenetworkasprivate
Asthenamesuggests,thenetworkisregardedasprivatepropertybythistypeofadministrator.Anythingthatmayaffectthesmoothoperationofthenetworkwillmakehimexcited.Youmightthinkthisisagoodthing,butthe"privatepropertyowners"havedonealittletoomuch.Hewillkeepadetailedlogtoshowthattheperformanceofthenetworkhasreached100%.Butthiscanonlybeachievedwhenalmostnonetworkresourcesareallocatedtocommonapplications.
Hraní her
Toto je nejnebezpečnější typ správce sítě a pravděpodobně nejpřátelštější.
Theyusedtoappearinacademiainlargenumbers.UsuallythereisenoughredundantspaceontheInternet,somestudentswillusethemforthesisorresearchwork.However,themainfunctionoftheseredundantspacesistoprovideagameplatformforthemanagementpersonnelresponsibleforITequipmentintheschool.Mostnetworkresourcesareonlyprovidedtothosewhologinas"administrators".Thesepeoplewillregularlyfightonline.Inthegame,theyusevarioushighlyimaginativemeanstomakeeachotherdisappearfromthenetwork.Today,thesepeoplecanalsoplaygamesathomebecauseofthelow-costsmallroutersandswitchesattheirfingertips.Afteradayofworkinthecomputerroom,nothingcanmakethemfeelmorerelaxedthanplayingafewhoursofgamesintheonlineworld.
Zacházení se správcem sítě
Toentertheenterprise,generallymorethan4000;learncomprehensiveknowledgeandbecomeaseniornetworkadministratorwithasalaryofmorethan7000;doItcanbeashighas8,000ormorefordepartmentheadsormanagers.Ifyoucontinuetoimproveyourselfandbecomeaprofessionalnetworkengineer,thereisnoproblemwithasalaryof12,000ormore,suchasnetworkstorageengineers,networksecurityengineers,andintermediateandsenioroperationsengineers.Infact,itcanbeseenfromthisexamplethataslongasyoumastersolidskillsandexcellentprofessionalqualitythroughtraining,itisnotaproblemtogetahighsalary.