Introduction
After the beginning of the National Anti-Japanese War in July 1937, the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese Kuomintang realized the second cooperation, forming a national anti-Japanese national united front. The Communist Party of China changed the work and farmers of the Northwestern Soviet Union to the anti-Japanese democratic regime, and the Red Army and the Red Army guerrillas were adapted as the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and went to the anti-Japanese front line. In the 8-year anti-Japanese war, the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army, and other anti-Japanese army leading the Communist Party, and the Japanese aggressive army has received a large-scale country, opened up a dozen anti-Japanese base, and established an anti-Japanese democratic regime in these according to the ground.
Anti-Japanese democratic regime is based on the working class (through the Communist Party) as the leader, the Industrial and Rural Affairs Alliance is based, and all the democratic people who agree to the anti-Japanese, which is the people's democratic dictatorship of the new democratic revolution. In the anti-Japanese base, the Chinese people who have been 18 years old, the Chinese people, no classes, nations, parties, men, women, beliefs and cultures have the right to elective power and elected rights. The basic starting point of the anti-Japanese democratic regime policy is: against Japanese imperialism, protect the anti-Japanese people, regulate the interests of all walks of life, improve the life of workers, and suppress traitors and reactionary. The anti-Japanese democratic regime implemented three three systems on the distribution of the staff of the political authority. The anti-Japanese democratic regime of each according to the ground is unprecedented by the Central Committee, which is unified by the Central Committee, which is consistent in policy, policy and walk. The political organs of various anti-Japanese dependent local democratic regimes are divided into two major systems of authorities and administrative organs.
Authority
The power organs of the anti-Japanese democratic regime are all levels of the various levels of the anti-Japanese base. Generally there are border areas, counties, township, and between Shandong, provincial and counties, there are also a certain level of the department and the area. Each of the names is slightly different in the name. Such as the princess of Jinchao, the first-class leader of the Jinci Luyu, the grassroots, called the villager conference and the village representative meeting. Anti-Japanese democratic regime (county parliament, village representative, etc.) is composed of Senator (Members, representatives) selected by the people of anti-Japanese base, equality, direct, and unnamed approach. Unknown Senator (Members, representatives), voters have the right to trade. Some anti-Japanese affairs are also hiring a small number of representative people as a senator. The author of the Senus will take the Senaic Sustainments of Shaanxi, mainly: 1 election, the president of the border government, the vice chairman, the members, the members of the High Court, monitor the official personnel of the bombing government and the judiciary; 2 Develop a border area Regulations, ratify civil affairs, finance, education, construction, food and military and other programs; 3 budget proposed by the border governments, review the decision of the budget, decided to reduce the reduction and public debt issuance of the bond; 4 Chairman of the Bound District Government, The government committee, the dean, and the mass group, the issuance of the consideration, decided to determine the important matters of the boundaries of the border areas; 5 supervision, inspect the implementation of the Border Government to the resolution resolutions of the Senaria; 6 pursuit of the resident meeting during the confrontation, border governments The chairman or government committee's important matters about emergency measures. The preferential premises of the county, and the deputy director hosted the Plenary Session. At the time of the meeting, he was elected as a member of the Bureau to help positive and deputy director work, and set up a secretariat, the Senator Qualification Review Committee, the proposal review committee and other specialized committees. The power organs of the border area have elected the resident institutions of the resident Senator to form a Senate (Shaanxi, known for the resident meeting, Jinchaju said that the resident office of the resident meeting, Jin Yan called the Permanent Board, Jin Yulu Yuhe Shandong said a member of the Office, etc.), positive, and the deputy director is a member of course. The presence of the county-level power organs (Shaanxi-Gansu Ningbian District), and some are only resident for the Permanent Council of Permanent Representatives (Jinculan, Jinci Luyu). In addition to the treatment of daily events during the closing of the Senarian, the resident institution has the following powers in accordance with the provisions of the Shaanxi Gansun, which supervises the implementation of the SECRETARY. 2 Listening to the on-site work report of the same level 3 Suggestions and inquiry to the same level; 4 sent representatives attending the same level of government committee members; 5. If necessary, decide to convene a temporary meeting of the Senaria will.
The grassroots power organs, and the anti-Japanese base is slightly different. For example, the township (city) Senus in Shaanxi Ning Ning does not set up, vice presidents and meeting, and the chairman of the chairman (city) is of course members. The grassroots power organs of Jincha Bian District are the village conferences composed of the whole village citizens. During the closing of the village conference, the representatives of the national citizen election, the representatives of the villagers will exercise their respect of the village meeting. The villager representative will be positive and vice-chairmen, from the villager representative assembly, Zheng, Vice-Chairman and the vice minister.
Administrative organs
All levels of administrative organs of anti-Japanese democratic regimes include governments selected by the power organs at all levels, as well as the government above the county level in a certain region. Representative organs or auxiliary organs.
The name of the highest administrative organ of the anti-Japanese base is different, such as Shaanxi Ganning, Jinci Luyu called the Border government, Jinchaju called the Border Administrative Committee, Shandong called Shandong Province Wars Administrative Committee, Jin Jin Some of the Affairs Department of the Administrative Office (Abbreviation Data) is called the Administrative Office of the Administration. This level of administrative organs are produced by the Supreme Sustainments, such as the 13 people of the Shaanxi Gansun, from the Border Sencil Election Committee, and one of the border government committees, and one of the elections and vice-chairmen of the member. The border areas of the border governments represent the border governments; for the internal hosting border government committee meeting, the supervision of the border administrative organs perform their daily transactions and the daily affairs and emergency matters of the border. The Border Government Committee is located: Secretariat, Civil Affairs Department, Finance Department, Education Department, Construction Department, Security Command, Security Office, Audit Office and various departments of administrative organs and high courts and other departments. The setting of the border government work department, each according to the ground, except for the Jinci Luyu Bian District Government and China Some Based, in addition to the department, other regions are generally programs. Under the various halls, the hospital, the department, according to the work needs, a number of sects, room or court, etc., and in charge of the work of the department. Expertise (some areas are known as direct institutions), all in accordance with the ground, such as the Taxation Bureau, the Supervision Bureau.
The Department of Division (or Administrative Office) below the border (province). The Administrative Committee of the Jincha Bang District Administrative Committee, the Jinci Luyu Bian District Government and the Shandong Provincial War Administration, all of which were established in the jurisdiction. There are two kinds of department: 1 as a level of political power, that is, the director of the same level, the director, deputy director and committee of the Department, is produced by the same level, and is responsible for the peers and superior government; 2 as The border governance representative organs, there is no collateral meeting, the department of the department, and the deputy director of the border areas appointed. The settings of the Working Department are the same as the border governments, generally programs, and the only department of Jincai is known as the department of the Border Administrative Commission. As the authority of the sideline government representative agency, in accordance with the provisions of the Jinci Luyu Border: 1 inspection of the administrative matters in the jurisdiction; 3 According to the total budget of the border and audit the provenation within the jurisdiction, in case of emergency measures, it is necessary to increase the budget, change the system or increase the burden of the people, and must be approved by the border people's government beforehand; 4 Administrators of the Administration Department and the Ministry of Agencies, counties The government secretary and the dismissal of the sector.
Administrative Inspector Commissioner (referred to as a proceedment). All the bases generally have a special proceedancy, which is a representative organ of the border-level government (Jincha Yu called auxiliary institution). It is based on the command and instructions of the Border Government (Jinchai and other orders), and inspects the support of the county (city) government and the subsidiary organs in the government. Shaanxi Gansing border stipulates that a special proceede can be set up in two counties. One personnel settled for a specialist, and you can set officers if necessary. The work department of the Agency said that the establishment of the department corresponds to the work department of the higher level government. In addition to the border governments, the Government of Shaanxi-Gansu Ning District may also make a part of military chief in the region or to designate one person in the county magistrate. At the same time, the commissioner of the Commissioner and the center county government were a specialist and the commissioner and the county government's office, but the authority and documents must be clearly divided. County Government county is a member of the first-level regime, except for the war environment or the newly opened area, the county government's county magistrates and the county government committee are produced by the same level (or parliament). The setting of the county government work department is generally consistent with its superior administrative organs. The name of the work department is generally naming in the scope of the law, such as the civil affairs department, the civil affairs department, and the financial department called the financial department. However, there is also a sequence of sequence, such as the county government of Shaanxi Ganning, the first to fifth sections, in charge of civil affairs, finance, education, construction, and food. The county government's terms of reference is the same as its superior government. The anti-Japanese democratic regime and the county government are quite a level, as well as United County, Municipal Government and County Zaogong.
(departments) is the assistance authority of the county (city) government to implement government affairs (Jincha Yu called auxiliary organ). The district leader is set from 1 parter, 3 to 5 assistants, 1 person of the people's armed captain and 1 person (Shaanxi Ganshen's self-defense bus length) and 1 person (public security officer). Under the leadership of the public office, the leadership of the county government shall handle the following work: 1 convey the advanced policy decree and the implementation of the on-level reporting policy; 2 Program, supervise the civil affairs, financial, education, construction work and the intension of the township (city, village) Statics; 3 to organize people's self-defense arms, conduct a district to defend the province. Some People's Liberation Area, which Jincha, Shandong and Huazhong, have also established a regional public office or district government as a first-level regime. The person in charge is elected by the same level of power, and its task has to perform resolutions of the same-level power organs except for the aforementioned three o'clock. It is equivalent to the administrative organ of the district and also has a joint government and the center of the township government.
The township administrative organs the township-level administrative organ of the anti-Japanese democratic regime, in Shaanxi, China, China, China, China, in the government, in Jinci, Jin Yulu Yu and Jinxi et al. Are villages. The township governments in Shaanxi Gansun are consisting of villagers and township members. The villages of Jincha Bang District set up, one person, 3 to 5 members, 1 member of the member and 1 personnel in the people and the instructor. Zheng, Vice Minister, the chairman of the village representative, and the vice chairman, and the committee was elected by the village representative assembly. The township government of Shaanxi is generally: special care, cultural promotion, economic construction, securities, health conservation, people arbitration, etc., if necessary, other temporary committees. The village of Jinchaju did not set up a committee to set up civil affairs, financial, education, industrial, grain, and public security and other members and armed captains and instructor to manage various work.
Shaanxi Gansu Ning District is located under the township government, and it is natural village in Administrative Village. The Director of the Village of the Administrative Village, and the villages of natural villages have been produced by voters in their respective jurisdiction. In the village of Jinci, Jincha Bang District, according to the residential situation, it is divided into a number of 闾, and the director represents 1 person, and the representative of the citizen is interlected. Director, representatives and representatives, to execute village governance in the city.
Township, village regime is the foundation of the anti-Japanese democratic regime, the policies, policies and anti-Japanese democratic regimes, and the measures must be implemented. Township and village regime have mastered who is in their hands. After establishing an anti-Japanese democratic regime in accordance with the ground, there have been many rectification of rural regimes, enabling the regime to master the most trusted person in the people.