Introduction
The bucket elevator is suitable for lifting from low to high. After the supplied materials are put into the hopper through the vibrating table, the machine automatically runs continuously and transports upwards. The conveying speed can be adjusted according to the conveying volume, and the lifting height can be selected as needed. The hopper is designed and manufactured by itself. The PP non-toxic hopper makes this type of bucket elevator more widely used. All sizes are designed and manufactured according to actual needs. It is a supporting vertical packaging The design of the computer measuring machine is suitable for the lifting and feeding of food, medicine, chemical industrial products, screws, nuts and other products. The automatic stop and start of the machine can be controlled by the signal recognition of the packaging machine.
Bucket elevator (13 photos)
Working principle
The hopper scoops up the material from the storage below, and lifts it to At the top, it turns down after bypassing the top wheel, and the bucket elevator pours the material into the receiving tank. The transmission belt of belt-driven bucket elevators generally adopts rubber belts, which are installed on the lower or upper transmission rollers and the upper and lower reversing rollers. Chain drive bucket elevators are generally equipped with two parallel drive chains, with a pair of drive sprockets on the upper or lower side, and a pair of reversing sprockets on the lower or upper side. Bucket elevators are generally equipped with an organic shell to prevent dust from flying in the bucket elevator.
Bucket elevator: It is suitable for lifting from low to high. After the supplied materials are put into the hopper through the vibrating table, the machine automatically runs continuously and transports upwards.
Main components
The bucket elevator consists of a hopper, a driving device, top and bottom rollers (or sprocket), tape (or traction chain), tensioning device and casing, etc. composition.
Traction member
(1) Rubber belt:
Fixed to the belt opening with screws and elastic washers, the belt is 35-40mm wider than the bucket, generally The belt conveys materials whose temperature does not exceed 60°C, and the heat-resistant belt can convey materials up to 150°C.
(2) Chain:
Single chain is fixed on the back wall of the hopper; double chain is connected to both sides of the hopper. The chain hoist uses single chain when the hopper width is 160～250mm, and double chain when the hopper is 320～630mm. The main disadvantage is that the chain links are worn out and the number of inspections is increased.
(3) Sprocket:
The drive sprocket on the bucket elevator. The sprocket is used to mesh with a block with an accurate pitch on a link chain or a cable. It is a solid or spoked gear that meshes with a roller chain to transmit motion.The design of the tooth profile of the sprocket: The tooth profile of the sprocket must ensure that the chain enters and exits the mesh smoothly and freely, minimizes the impact and contact stress of the chain link during meshing, and is easy to process. The sprocket material should ensure that the gear teeth have sufficient strength and wear resistance, so the sprocket tooth surface is generally heat treated to make it reach a certain hardness.
Hopper
(1) Cylindrical bucket:
Deep bucket, bucket mouth is inclined, deep, used for drying, good fluidity, very good Transportation of granular materials scattered on the ground.
(2) Shallow hopper:
The mouth is inclined, the depth is small, and it is used for wet and fluid granular materials.
(3) Deep hopper:
General materials in deep hoppers are relatively dry and have better fluidity.
(4) Triangular hopper:
Materials are generally directional self-flow discharge. (5) Sharp-angled bucket:
The side wall extends beyond the bottom plate to become a retaining edge. When discharging, the material can be discharged along the groove formed by the retaining edge of a bucket and the bottom plate. It is suitable for sticking Transport of thick and heavy bulk materials.
Main features
Bucket elevator is a kind of vertical lifting material conveying equipment. It has simple structure, low maintenance cost, high conveying efficiency, high lifting height, operation Stability, wide application range and other advantages.
(1) The driving power is small, and it adopts inflow feeding, induced unloading, and large-capacity hopper intensive layout. There is almost no material return and digging phenomenon when the material is lifted, so there is less ineffective power .
(2) The lifting range is wide. This type of hoist has less requirements on the types and characteristics of materials. It can not only upgrade general powdery and small granular materials, but also upgrade materials with greater abrasiveness. Good airtightness and less environmental pollution.
(3) Good operating reliability, advanced design principles and processing methods ensure the reliability of the whole machine operation, and the trouble-free time exceeds 20,000 hours. High lifting height. The hoist runs smoothly, so it can reach a higher lifting height.
(4) The service life is long. The feeding of the hoist adopts the inflow type, and there is no need to use the bucket to dig the material, and there is little squeezing and collision between the materials. This machine is designed to ensure that materials are rarely scattered during feeding and unloading, which reduces mechanical wear.
Operation method
Installation requirements
1. The bucket elevator must be firmly installed on a solid concrete foundation. The surface of the concrete foundation should be flat and horizontal to ensure that the bucket elevator meets the vertical requirements after installation.
The height of the bucket elevator should be connected to the adjacent buildings (such as silos, workshops, etc.) at the appropriate positions of the middle and upper casings to increase its stability . When installing, install the lower part first, fix the anchor bolts, then install the middle casing, and then install the upper casing. The cabinet is installed successfully, and the verticality is corrected. Measure with a lead straight line up and down the full height, the error should be less than 10mm. The upper and lower shafts should be parallel, and their axis should be in the same plane.
When installing a bucket elevator with a lower height, the upper, middle, and lower housings can be connected and aligned on the ground plane, and then the whole can be hoisted and fixed on the concrete foundation.
2. After the cabinet is installed, install the chain and hopper. The U-shaped screw used for the hopper link is both a chain joint and a fixed part of the hopper. The nut of the U-shaped screw must be tightened and reliably prevented from loosening.
3. After the chain and hopper are installed, properly tension them.
4. Add appropriate amounts of engine oil and grease to the reducer and the bearing seat respectively. The reducer is lubricated with industrial gear oil. Calcium-based or sodium-based butter can be used in the bearing housing.
5. Trial run. After the installation is completed, an empty test run should be carried out. Attention should be paid to dry running: no reverse rotation and no bumps. The idling operation is not less than 2 hours, there should be no overheating, the temperature rise of the bearing does not exceed 250C, and the temperature rise of the reducer does not exceed 300C. After 2 hours of dry operation, the load test can be carried out if everything is normal. Feeding should be even during the test run with load to prevent too much feed and block the lower part and cause "stuffy car".
Maintenance items
1. The bucket elevator should be driven with no load. Therefore, all materials in the hopper should be drained before stopping each time.
2, it cannot be reversed. Derailment of the chain may occur when it is reversed, and it is very troublesome to troubleshoot the derailment.
3. Feed evenly. It is forbidden to increase the feeding amount suddenly. The feeding amount cannot exceed the conveying capacity of the elevator. Otherwise, it is easy to cause a "stuffy car" accident when the material at the bottom accumulates seriously.
4. Replenish lubricating oil in a timely and appropriate amount.
5. The chain and hopper should be replaced in time when they are severely worn or damaged.
Safety regulations
1. The hoist is maintained and managed by designated personnel, and the key of the power switch box is managed by designated personnel.
2. The hoist must have a hoisting limiter and a stroke limiter. The limiter should enable the pulley to automatically stop when it is lifted to a distance of 300mm from the drum or pulley.
3. The hoist should have a maximum load mark, and the weight must not be overloaded (1T) during lifting and landing.
4. After power-on, check the hoist limiter, stroke limiter, interlock switch and other safety devices, the action is sensitive and reliable, and test hoisting.
5. Before hoisting and landing, you can drive only after ringing the bell.
6. The hoist is never allowed to carry people up or down.
7. After the work is finished, the hoist hoisting plate should land, then cut off the power supply, and close the upper and lower guardrail doors.
8. Always keep the environment around the hoist sanitary.
Basic requirements
(1) The hoist should meet the requirements of JC460.1 and this standard, and be manufactured, installed and used in accordance with the design drawings and technical documents approved by the prescribed procedures. , The technical requirements not specified in the drawings and technical documents shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant general standards of the building materials machinery, electromechanical industry and so on.
(2) The limit deviation of the dimension without tolerance on the drawing should meet the requirements of GB1804, in which the machined surface is tTl3; the non-machined surface of welded parts is ITl6; the non-machined surface of die forgings is ITl5 level manufacturing.
(3) Welding parts should comply with relevant regulations for mechanical welding of building materials.
(4) Gray iron castings should meet the requirements of GB9439.
(5) Forgings shall not have defects such as interlayer, folds, cracks, satin scratches, scars, slag inclusions, etc.
(6) The hoist should be equipped with a level gauge, a speed monitor and a belt anti-deviation device.
Appropriate modification
As a very widely used vertical conveying equipment, bucket elevator has been widely used in grain, feed and seed processing industries. However, some problems have also appeared in the use. In order to enhance its working performance and reliability, it has been improved.
(1) An anti-reversal device is installed on the head of the bucket elevator.
When the power of the bucket elevator is suddenly interrupted, the reverse rotation is very dangerous for the bucket elevator. During the lifting process of the bucket elevator, one side is an upward bucket filled with materials, and the other side is a downward empty bucket where the materials are unloaded. After the power is interrupted, the bucket elevator must reverse due to gravity. The material is discharged to the bottom of the bucket elevator with the reversal of the bucket until the bucket is jammed when it is full. Since the reversal is an accelerated movement, and then it is suddenly stuck, it is easy to tear off the bucket, causing damage to the belt, or even breakage. In addition, the bottom of the bucket elevator is full of materials, which also prevents the bucket elevator from starting. A ratchet mechanism can be used to prevent reversal.
(2) Suction pipes and vents should be provided at the head and bottom of the bucket elevator to ensure that the bucket elevator will not form negative pressure and dust during the unloading and feeding process Spillover.
A well-made conveying equipment, its sealing must be reliable. However, a good seal will inevitably produce a pressure difference in the process of material unloading and feeding, resulting in difficulty in feeding and unloading. The vent makes the internal pressure of the bucket elevator basically equal to the external pressure. Proper suction prevents dust from overflowing from the ventilated place, avoids waste and cleans the environment.
Precautions for selection
Common classification
As a commonly used lifting equipment, bucket elevators are widely used and according to the requirements of different industries. The differences are also clearly classified. According to the transmission structure, they can be divided into:
1, TD series bucket elevator
The specifications are TD100 (not commonly used), TD160, TD250 , TD315, TD400, TD500, TD630, TD800, TD1000 and other models, of which TD160, TD250, TD315 and other models are commonly used models
2, TH series bucket elevator
TH The series bucket elevator is a kind of commonly used lifting equipment. This series of bucket elevator adopts forged chain as the transmission part. It has strong mechanical strength. It is mainly used to lift powder and small particles and small block materials. Different from the TD series bucket elevator, it has larger lifting capacity and higher operating efficiency. It is often used for the lifting of materials with larger specific gravity.
3. NE series plate chain bucket elevator
NE series plate chain bucket elevator is a new type of bucket elevator, which adopts plate chain transmission, which is different from The old model TB series plate chain bucket elevator, its naming method adopts the lifting capacity instead of the bucket width. For example, NE150 refers to a lifting capacity of 150 tons per hour instead of a bucket width of 150. NE series bucket elevators have high hoisting efficiency. According to different hoisting speeds, there are also NSE models and high-speed plate chain bucket elevators.
4. TB series bucket elevator
TB series bucket elevator is an older type bucket elevator. Its transmission part adopts plate chain transmission. Replaced by corresponding NE series bucket elevator products.
5. TG series bucket elevator
TG series bucket elevator is a reinforced belt bucket elevator, which is different from the TD series bucket elevator. The series bucket elevator adopts steel wire belt as the transmission belt, which has stronger transmission capacity. This series of bucket elevators are mostly used in grain conveying, and they are also called special bucket elevators for grain.
6. Other types of bucket elevators
Common bucket elevator models include HL series ring chain bucket elevator, GTD series bucket elevator, GTH series Bucket elevators, etc., are all different names and evolution forms of the above models.
Precautions
The bucket elevator is used to vertically lift the limestone, coal, gypsum, clinker, dry clay and other massive and granular materials passing through the crusher, as well as raw materials, cement, coal, etc. Powdery materials such as powder.
According to the speed of the hopper, bucket elevators can be divided into three types: centrifugal discharge, gravity discharge and mixed discharge.
The centrifugal unloading bucket has a faster speed, which is suitable for conveying powder, granular, small lumps and other materials with low abrasivity; the gravity unloading bucket has a slower speed and is suitable for conveying blocks. Shaped, large specific gravity, abrasive materials, such as limestone, clinker, etc.
The traction components of the bucket elevator include loop chains, plate chains and tapes. The structure and manufacture of the chain are relatively simple, and the connection with the hopper is also very strong. When transporting abrasive materials, the wear of the chain is small, but its own weight is relatively large.
The plate chain structure is relatively firm and light weight. It is suitable for hoists with large lifting capacity, but the articulated joints are easy to be worn. The structure of the tape is relatively simple, but it is not suitable for conveying materials with high abrasiveness. The temperature of ordinary tape materials does not exceed 60°C, the steel rope tape allows the material temperature to reach 80°C, the heat-resistant tape allows the material temperature to reach 120°C, and the temperature of the ring chain and plate chain can reach 250°C.
Model selection
As a commonly used lifting equipment, the selection of bucket elevator is restricted by many factors. Choosing the wrong model will bring endless trouble to the user. Generally, the selection of the bucket elevator type depends on the following factors:
(1) The form of the material: whether the material is powdery, granular or small.
(2) The physical properties of the material: whether the material has adsorption or viscosity, and whether it contains water.