Definition
Data
Datareferstoasymbolthatrecordsandcanidentifyobjectiveevents,andrecordsthenature,state,andrelationshipofobjectivethingsPhysicalsymbolsoracombinationofthesephysicalsymbols.Itisarecognizableandabstractsymbol.
Itnotonlyreferstonumbersinanarrowsense,butalsocanbeacombinationoftext,letters,numbers,symbols,graphics,images,videos,audios,etc.withacertainmeaning,anditisalsotheattribute,quantity,location,andlocationofobjectivethings.Anabstractrepresentationoftheirinterrelationships.Forexample,"0,1,2...","cloudy,rain,falling,temperature","student'sfilerecords,transportationofgoods",etc.arealldata.Afterthedataisprocessed,itbecomesinformation.
Incomputerscience,dataisthegeneraltermforallthesymbolmediathatcanbeinputintoacomputerandprocessedbyacomputerprogram.Itisusedtoinputintoanelectroniccomputerforprocessing,andhasacertainmeaningofnumbers,letters,symbolsandsimulations.Generictermforquantity,etc.Computersstoreandprocessawiderangeofobjects,andthedatarepresentingtheseobjectsbecomesmoreandmorecomplex.
Information
Informationanddataarebothrelatedanddifferent.Dataisthemanifestationandcarrierofinformation,whichcanbesymbols,text,numbers,voice,images,videos,etc.Andinformationistheconnotationofdata,andinformationisloadedonthedatatogiveameaningfulinterpretationofthedata.Dataandinformationareinseparable.Informationdependsondatatoexpress,anddataexpressesinformationvividlyandconcretely.Dataissymbolicandphysical.Informationisdatathatisobtainedafterprocessingthedataandhasanimpactondecision-making.Itislogicalandconceptual;dataistheformofinformation,andinformationisameaningfulrepresentationofdata..Dataistheexpressionandcarrierofinformation,andinformationistheconnotationofdataandtherelationshipbetweenformandquality.Dataitselfismeaningless,anddataonlybecomesinformationwhenithasanimpactonthebehavioroftheentity.
Thesemanticsofthedata
Thepresentationformofthedatacannotfullyexpressitscontentandneedstobeexplained.Thedataandtheinterpretationofthedataareinseparable.Forexample,93isapieceofdata,itcanbeaclassmate'sgradeinacertaincourse,itcanalsobeaperson'sweight,oritcanbethenumberofstudentsintheDepartmentofComputerSciencein2013.Theinterpretationofdatareferstotheexplanationofthemeaningofthedata.Themeaningofthedataiscalledthesemanticsofthedata,andthedataanditssemanticsareinseparable.
Classification
Dividedbynature
①Positioning,suchasvariouscoordinatedata;
②Qualitative,suchasrepresentingthingsAttributedata(residentialarea,river,road,etc.);
③Quantitativedatathatreflectsthequantitativecharacteristicsofthings,suchasgeometricalquantitiessuchaslength,area,volume,orphysicalquantitiessuchasweightandspeed;
>④Timeddatathatreflectsthetimecharacteristicsofthings,suchasyear,month,day,hour,minute,second,etc.
Accordingtotheformofexpression,itisdividedinto
①Digitaldata,suchasvariousstatisticsormeasurementdata.Digitaldataisadiscretevalueinacertaininterval;
②Analogdata,composedofcontinuousfunctions,referstothephysicalquantitythatchangescontinuouslyinacertaininterval,andcanbedividedintographicdata(suchaspoints,lines).,Surface),symboldata,textdata,imagedata,etc.,suchaschangesinsoundsizeandtemperature.
Accordingtotherecordingmethod,itisdividedinto
maps,forms,images,tapes,andpapertapes.Dividedintovectordata,griddata,etc.accordingtothedigitalmethod.Inageographicinformationsystem,thechoice,type,quantity,collectionmethod,levelofdetail,credibility,etc.ofdatadependonthesystemapplicationgoals,functions,structure,anddataprocessing,managementandanalysisrequirements.
ReferenceBooks
BookTitle:DataEmpowerment
Author:SongXing
Publisher:PublishingHouseofElectronicsIndustry
Publicationtime:2021-01-01
Format:16open