Introduction
Theroutercanalsobecalledagatewaydevice.TherouteristhenetworklayerrelayandthethirdlayerrelaytaskcompletedinOSI/RM.Itstoresandpacketforwardsthedatapacketsbetweendifferentnetworks.Itismainlytoseparatethenetworksindifferentlogics.Thedataistransmittedfromonesubnettoanother,andcanbeprocessedbytherouter'sroutingfunction.Innetworkcommunication,therouterhasthefunctionofjudgingthenetworkaddressandselectingtheIPpath.Itcanconstructaflexiblelinksysteminmultiplenetworkenvironments,andlinkeachsubnetthroughdifferentdatapacketsandmediaaccessmethods.Inoperation,therouteronlyacceptstheinformationtransmittedbythesourcestationorotherrelatedrouters.Itisaninterconnecteddevicebasedonthenetworklayer.
Routersareusuallylocatedatthenetworklayer,soroutingtechnologyisalsoatechnologyrelatedtothenetworklayer.Comparedwiththeearlybridges,routershavemanychangesanddifferences.Generallyspeaking,thelimitationsofanetworkbridgearerelativelylarge.Itcanonlyconnectnetworkswiththesameorsimilardatalinklayers,andcannotconnectnetworkswithlargedifferencesbetweenthedatalinklayers.Buttherouterisdifferent.Itbreaksthislimitationandcanconnectanytwodifferentnetworks.However,thereisaprincipletobeobservedbetweenthesetwodifferentnetworks,whichistousethesamenetworklayerprotocol,sothattheycanbeconnectedbytherouter.Insimpleterms,routingtechnologyisatechnologythatforwardsandexchangesnumerousinformationonthenetwork.Specifically,ittransfersinformationfromasourceaddresstoadestinationaddressthroughtheInternet.Routingtechnologyhasalsomadegooddevelopmentandprogressinthepastfewyears,especiallytheemergenceofthefifth-generationrouter,whichsatisfiespeople'scomprehensiveapplicationofdata,voiceandimage,andisgraduallyselectedandwidelyusedbymosthomenetworks.Inaddition,inthepastfewyears,mycountry'sroutingtechnologyhasbecomemoreandmoremature,andatthesametime,ithascombinedwithcontemporaryintelligenttechnology,sothatpeoplecanexperiencefastandrapidresultsintheprocessofusingroutingtechnology,therebypromotingandpromotingThedevelopmentoftheInternetandnetworktechnology.
TherouteristhemainnodedeviceoftheInternet.Therouterdeterminestheforwardingofdatathroughrouting.Theforwardingstrategyiscalledrouting,whichistheoriginoftheroutername.Asahubforinterconnectingdifferentnetworks,theroutersystemconstitutesthemaincontextoftheInternetbasedonTCP/IP.ItcanalsobesaidthatroutersconstitutethebackboneoftheInternet.Itsprocessingspeedisoneofthemainbottlenecksofnetworkcommunication,anditsreliabilitydirectlyaffectsthequalityofnetworkinterconnection.Therefore,incampusnetworks,regionalnetworks,andeventheentireInternetresearchfield,routertechnologyhasalwaysbeenatthecore,anditsdevelopmentprocessanddirectionhavebecomeamicrocosmoftheentireInternetresearch.Atthetimewhenmycountry’snetworkinfrastructureandinformationconstructionisintheascendant,discusstherole,positionanddevelopmentdirectionofroutersininterconnectionnetworks,aswellasthedomesticnetworktechnologyresearchandnetworkconstruction,andclarifytheimportanceofroutersandnetworkinterconnectionsinthenetworkmarket.Allkindsofspeciousconceptsof"haveimportantmeanings.
Principle
ThedevicesinthenetworkcommunicatewitheachothermainlybytheirIPaddresses,androuterscanonlyforwarddataaccordingtospecificIPaddresses.TheIPaddressiscomposedoftwoparts:thenetworkaddressandthehostaddress.IntheInternet,thenetworkaddressandhostaddressaredeterminedbythesubnetmask.ThesubnetmaskandtheIPaddressareboth32bits,andthetwoareone-to-onecorrespondence.The"1"inthesubnetmaskcorrespondstothenetworkaddressintheIPaddress,andthe"0"correspondstothehostaddress.TheaddressandhostaddressconstituteacompleteIPaddress.Inthesamenetwork,thenetworkaddressoftheIPaddressmustbethesame.CommunicationbetweencomputerscanonlybecarriedoutbetweenIPaddresseswiththesamenetworkaddress.Ifyouwanttocommunicatewithcomputersonothernetworksegments,itmustbeforwardedthrougharouter.IPaddressesofdifferentnetworkaddressescannotcommunicatedirectly,eveniftheyareveryclose,theycannotcommunicate.Multipleportsoftheroutercanbeconnectedtomultiplenetworksegments,andthenetworkaddressoftheIPaddressofeachportmustbeconsistentwiththenetworkaddressoftheconnectednetworksegment.Differentportshavedifferentnetworkaddresses,andthecorrespondingnetworksegmentsarealsodifferent,sothatthehostsineachnetworksegmentcansenddatatotherouterthroughtheIPaddressoftheirownnetworksegment.
Transmissionmedia
Routersaredividedintolocalroutersandremoterouters.Thelocalrouterisusedtoconnectthenetworktransmissionmedia,suchasopticalfiber,coaxialcable,andtwistedpair;theremoterouterisusedToconnecttothelong-distancetransmissionmedium,andrequirecorrespondingequipment,suchasatelephonelinewithamodem,andwirelessthroughawirelessreceiverandtransmitter.
Structure
Powerinterface(POWER):Theinterfaceisconnectedtothepowersupply.
Resetbutton(RESET):Thisbuttoncanrestoretherouter'sfactorysettings.
Module(MODEM)orswitchandrouterconnectionport(WAN):Thisinterfaceusesanetworkcabletoconnecttoahomebroadbandmodem(ortoaswitch).
Computerandrouterconnectionport(LAN1~4):Thisinterfaceusesanetworkcabletoconnectthecomputertotherouter.
Bootprocess
Asarouter,thereisalsoapartthatfunctionssimilartotheBIOSinourPCsystem,calledMiniIOS.MiniIOScanenableustobootupandentertherecoverymodewhenthereisnoISOintheFLASHoftherouter,touseTFTPorX-MODEMtoimportISOfilesintotheFLASH.Therefore,thestartupprocessoftheroutershouldbelikethis:
Aftertherouterispoweredon,itwillfirstperformPOST,PowerOnSelfTest(PowerOnSelfTest,theprocessoftestingthehardware)).
AfterthePOSTiscompleted,firstreadtheBootStrapprogramintheROMforpreliminaryguidance.
Aftertheinitialboot,trytolocateandreadthecompleteISOimagefile.Here,therouterwillfirstlookfortheISOfileinFLASH.IfitfindstheISOfile,itwillreadtheISOfileandboottherouter.
IftheISOfileisnotfoundinFLASH,therouterwillentertheBOOTmode,andtheISOfileonTFTPcanbeusedintheBOOTmode.OruseTFTP/X-MODEMtotransferanISOfiletotherouter'sFLASH(generallywecallthisprocessISOfilling).Afterthetransmissioniscompleted,restarttherouter,andtheroutercanstarttoCLImodenormally.
WhentherouterhasinitializedtheISOfile,itwillstarttosearchfortheSTARTUP-CONFIGfileinNVRAM.STARTUP-CONFIGiscalledthestartupconfigurationfile.Thisfilesavesalltheconfigurationsandmodificationswemadetotherouter.Whentherouterfindsthisfile,therouterwillloadalltheconfigurationsinthefile,learn,generate,andmaintaintheroutingtableaccordingtotheconfiguration,andloadalltheconfigurationsintoRAM(therouter'smemory),andthenentertheusermode,Andfinallycompletethestartupprocess.
IfthereisnoSTARTUP-CONFIGfileinNVRAM,therouterwillenterthequeryconfigurationmode,whichiscommonlyknownasthequestionandanswerconfigurationmode.Inthismode,allrouterconfigurationsareCanbeconfiguredintheformofquestionandanswer.Butundernormalcircumstances,webasicallydon'tusethismode.WeusuallyentertheCLI(CommanLineInterface)commandlinemodetoconfiguretherouter.
Functionfunction
Themainfunctionoftheroutercanbeunderstoodastherealizationofinformationtransmission.Therefore,wecallthisprocesstheaddressingprocess.Becausetherouterisbetweendifferentnetworks,itisnotnecessarilythefinalreceivingaddressoftheinformation.Sointherouter,thereisusuallyaroutingtable.Accordingtothefinaladdressoftheinformationtransmittedbythetransmissionwebsite,findthenextforwardingaddress,whichnetworkshouldbe.Infact,itislikeacouriercompanytosendmail.Themaildoesnotarriveatthefinaldestinationinstantaneously,butissortedbydifferentsub-stations,andisconstantlyapproachingthefinaladdress,therebyrealizingthedeliveryprocessofthemail.Therouteraddressingprocessissimilarinprinciple.Thefinaladdressismatchedintheroutingtable,andthenextforwardingaddressisdeterminedbythealgorithm.Thisaddressmaybeanintermediateaddress,oritmaybethefinaladdress.
Thefunctionoftherouteristotransferdatabetweendifferentsubnets.Thespecificfunctionsareasfollows:
(1)RealizetheinterconnectionofIP,TCP,UDP,ICMPandothernetworks.
(2)Processthedata.Sendingandreceivingdatapacketshasvariousfunctionssuchasdatapacketfiltering,multiplexing,encryption,compressionandprotectivewalls.
(3)Selectthenexttransmissiondestinationofthedatapacketbasedontheinformationintheroutingtable.
(4)Performtheexchangeoftopologyinformationbetweentheexternalgatewayprotocolandotherautonomousdomains.
(5)Realizenetworkmanagementandsystemsupportfunctions.
Connectingdifferentnetworks
Fromtheperspectiveoffilteringnetworktraffic,theroleofroutersisverysimilartothatofswitchesandbridges.However,unlikeswitchesthatworkatthenetworkdatalinklayerandphysicallydividenetworksegments,routersusespecialsoftwareprotocolstologicallydividetheentirenetwork.Forexample,arouterthatsupportstheIPprotocolcandividethenetworkintomultiplesubnetsegments,andonlynetworktrafficdirectedtoaspecialIPaddresscanpassthroughtherouter.Foreachreceiveddatapacket,therouterwillrecalculateitscheckvalueandwriteanewphysicaladdress.Therefore,thespeedofusingaroutertoforwardandfilterdataisoftenslowerthanthatofaswitchthatonlylooksatthephysicaladdressofthedatapacket.However,forthosecomplexnetworks,theuseofrouterscanimprovetheoverallefficiencyofthenetwork.Anotherobviousadvantageofroutersisthattheycanautomaticallyfilternetworkbroadcasts.Generallyspeaking,theentireinstallationprocessofaddingaroutertothenetworkismuchmorecomplicatedthanaplug-and-playswitch.
Informationtransmission
Someroutersonlysupportasingleprotocol,butmostrouterscansupportthetransmissionofmultipleprotocols,thatis,multi-protocolrouters.Sinceeachprotocolhasitsownrules,itisboundtoreducetheperformanceoftheroutertocompletethealgorithmsofmultipleprotocolsinarouter.Themainjoboftherouteristofindanoptimaltransmissionpathforeachdataframepassingthroughtherouter,andtoeffectivelytransmitthedatatothedestinationsite.Itcanbeseenthatthestrategyofselectingthebestpath,thatis,theroutingalgorithm,isthekeytotherouter.Inordertocompletethiswork,varioustransmissionpathrelateddata—RoutingTable—isstoredintherouterforuseinroutingselection.Thepathtablestoresthesubnetidentificationinformation,thenumberofroutersontheInternet,andthenameofthenextrouter.Thepathtablecanbefixedlysetbythesystemadministrator.
Staticrouting
Thepathselectionusedispre-calculatedofflineanddownloadedtotherouterwhenthenetworkisstarted.Itcannotrespondtofailures,andstaticroutingisveryusefulforoccasionswhereroutingisalreadyclear.
Dynamicrouting
willchangetheirroutingdecisionstoreflectchangesinthetopology,andusuallyalsoreflectchangesintraffic.Dynamicroutingalgorithmsaredifferentinmanyaspects:thesourceofinformationisdifferent,thetimetochangethepathisdifferent,andthemetricusedforroutingoptimizationisdifferent.
Classification
(1)Functionally,itcanbedividedinto:backbone-level,enterprise-levelandaccess-levelrouters.Thedatathroughputofbackboneroutersislargeandimportant,anditisthekeytorealizeinterconnectionofenterprise-levelnetworks.Backboneroutersrequirehigh-speedperformanceandhighreliability.Thenetworkusuallyusestechnologiessuchashotbackup,dualpowersupplies,anddualdatapathstoensureitsreliability.Enterprise-levelroutersareconnectedtomanyterminalsystems,whicharesimpleandhavesmalldatatraffic.
(2)Thestructurecanbedividedinto:modularandnon-modularrouters.Modularrouterscanrealizetheflexibleconfigurationofroutersandadapttothebusinessneedsofenterprises;non-modularrouterscanonlyprovideafixedsingleport.Normally,high-endroutershaveamodularstructure,andlow-endroutershaveanon-modularstructure.
(3)Dividedinto"borderrouter"and"intermediatenoderouter"accordingtothenetworklocation.Routersinthewideareanetworkcanbedividedintotwotypesaccordingtotheirmessageforwardingperformance,namely,borderroutersandintermediatenoderouters.
Borderclass
Althoughinvariousroutingprotocolsthatareconstantlyimproving,thenamesusedforthesetwotypesofroutersmaybequitedifferent.Buttheroleplayedisthesame.Obviously,the"borderrouter"isattheedgeofthenetworkandisusedtoconnectdifferentnetworkrouters;whilethe"intermediatenoderouter"isinthemiddleofthenetwork,andisusuallyusedtoconnectdifferentnetworks,actingasadataforwardingbridge.
Intermediatenodeclass
Whentheintermediatenoderouteristransmittinginthenetwork,itprovidesstorageandforwardingofmessages.Atthesametime,accordingtotheroutinginformationmaintainedbythecurrentroutingtable,thebestpathisselectedtotransmitthemessage.TherouterconnectedtotheexternalwideareanetworkonthesideofacompanyorenterprisenetworkcomposedofmultipleinterconnectedLANsistheconnectingrouterofthisenterprisenetwork.ItcollectstheinformationaddressedtothecorporatenetworkfromtheexternalWANandforwardsittotherelevantnetworksegmentsinthecorporatenetwork;ontheotherhand,itconcentratesthemessagessentfromeachLANsegmentinthecorporatenetworktotheexternalWAN,anddeterminesthebestrelatedmessages.Transmissionpath.
Themaintechnologyoftherouter
Backplanestructure
Thecoreoftherouteristhebackplane,andthehigh-efficiencybackplanehelpstoimprovetheperformanceoftherouter.Becausethetraditionalsharedbustypebackplanecannotmeettheneedsofrouters,itadoptsaswitchbackplanewhosestructurecanbeimplementedwithdifferenttechnologies.Banyanstructure,Crossbarstructureandparallelsharedstoragestructurearecommonlyusedstructuresforswitchedbackplanes.Banyanstructureusesself-routingtechnologyandmulti-levelbufferstructure;Crossbastructureisasingle-level,single-channel,non-blockingstructure,usingafullInternetswitchingstructure;parallelsharedstoragestructureisaresearchhotspot.
MobileIPtechnology
LETFestablishedaworkinggrouptosolvethesolutionthatpeoplewanttobeabletoconnectcomputersandlaptopstotheInternetatanyplace.TheworkinggroupsortedouttherealizationofanyTheconditionstobemetbyaplanareasfollows:
(1)EachhostmustensurethatitsIPaddresscanbeusedinanyplace;
(2)FixedThehostcomputercannotchangethesoftwareequipment;theroutersoftwareandroutingtablecannotbechangedarbitrarily;
IPv6technology
TheexistingInternetoperatesonthebasisoftheIPv4protocol.WiththerapiddevelopmentoftheInternet,theemergenceoftheWebhasledtotheexplosivedevelopmentoftheInternet.ThelimitedaddressspacedefinedbyIPv4isinsufficient,andIPaddressesareunprecedentedlytense,affectingthefurtherdevelopmentoftheInternet,sothenextversionoftheInternetprotocol-IPv6isproposed.IPv6adoptsa128-bitaddresslengthandprovidesalmostunlimitedaddresses.ItnotonlysolvestheproblemsthatIPv4cannotsolve,butalsoaddsauthenticationandencryptionsecuritymeasuresattheIPlayertoensuresecurity.IPv6hastheadvantagesofexpandingtheaddressspace,increasingtheoverallthroughputofthenetwork,effectivelyimprovingthequalityofservice,ensuringsecurity,mobility,supportingplug-and-play,andrealizingmulticastfunctions.
VPNtechnology
VPN(VirtualPrivateNetwork)isthemostimportantkindofroutertechnology.VPNreferstoaprivatenetworkthatcanbeself-managedonthebuilding.Intheabove,VPNuserscancontroltheconnectionbetweenthemselvesandotherusers,andcansupportdial-upusersatthesametime.AsuccessfulVPNhasthesecharacteristics:security,qualityofservice,scalability,flexibilityandmanageability.
VPRNtechnology
VPRNisavirtualprivateroutingnetworkindailynetworks.VPRNcandirectlycommunicatewitheachotherasiftheyareinthesamenetworksegmentbetweendeviceslocatedindifferentphysicalLANsegments.Theservicesincludedare:VPNusingtraditionalVPNprotocolsandMPLSmethods.SolutionstorouterVPNtechnologyinclude:settingaccesscontrol;encryptingcommunicationdata;NAT(NetworkAddressTranslationProtocol)technology.
QoStechnology
QoSisthequalityofservice.Earlier,QoSwasonlyusedexclusivelyinATM.However,asapackagedprotocol,IPcannotmeettheincreasingapplicationofmultimediainformation,causingproblemssuchaslongdelayandnon-fixedvalue,andlargesignaldistortionanddiscontinuitycausedbypacketloss.
Themanufacturerprovidesanumberofsolutions:①Priorityofsomeequipmentdatapacketscanbesentlast-come-first;②Iftheuser'sprotocolhasahigherpriority,bothIntelandCiscosupportthelatterArrivalfirsttransmission;③ForlinkintegrationMLPPP,Ciscosupportstheuseofmultiplelinesconnectingtwopointstoincreasethebandwidth;④ForresourcereservationPSVP,partofthebroadbandisallocatedtothemultimediasignalinafixedformNomatterhowcrowdedotherprotocolsare,thispartofthebroadbandwillnotbeoccupied.
Developmenttrend
Traditionalroutershavetoperformaseriesofcomplexoperationswhenforwardingeachpacket,includingroutelookup,accesscontrollistmatching,addressresolution,prioritymanagementandotherAdditionaloperations.Theseoperationsgreatlyaffecttheperformanceandefficiencyoftherouter,reducethepacketforwardingrateandforwardingthroughput,andincreasetheburdenontheCPU.Thecorrelationbetweenthepacketsbeforeandaftertherouterisverylarge,andthepacketswiththesamedestinationaddressandsourceaddressoftenarriveinsuccession,whichprovidesthepossibilityandbasisforfastforwardingofpackets.Thenewgenerationofrouters,suchasIPSwitch,TagSwitch,etc.,usethisdesignideatoimplementfastforwardingwithhardware,therebygreatlyimprovingtheperformanceandefficiencyoftherouter.
Thenewgenerationofroutersusesforwardingbufferstosimplifypacketforwardingoperations.Inthefastforwardingprocess,onlythefirstfewpacketsofagroupofpacketswiththesamedestinationaddressandsourceaddressneedtobetraditionallyroutedandforwarded,andthedestinationaddress,sourceaddressandnextgatewayaddressofthesuccessfullyforwardedpacket(Thenextrouteraddress)isplacedintheforwardingbuffer.Whensubsequentpacketsaretobeforwarded,theforwardingcacheshouldbecheckedfirst.Ifthedestinationaddressandsourceaddressofthepacketmatchthoseintheforwardingcache,itwillbeforwardeddirectlyaccordingtothenextgatewayaddressintheforwardingcachewithoutgoingthroughthetraditionalThecomplexoperationoftheroutergreatlyreducestheburdenontherouter,therebyachievingthegoalofimprovingrouterthroughput.
Securityhazards
Practiceshowsthatduringtheapplicationofwirelessnetworkopticalfibercommunicationrouters,thereareoftencertainsecurityhazards,whichaffecttheapplicationofwirelessnetworkopticalfibercommunicationrouters.Qualityandcommunicationsecurity.Specifically,themainmanifestationsareasfollows.
Theconcealmentofwirelessnetworkroutingisnothigh
Animportantsecurityhazardduringtheuseofwirelessnetworkopticalfibercommunicationroutersistheproblemoflowconcealmentofwirelessnetworks.Becausewirelessnetworksmainlyuseradiofrequencytechnologytoimplementnetworkconnectionandtransmission,anduseradiowavestospreaddatawithinacertainrange,oncethedevicecoverageexceedstherangeoftheenterprise,hackerscaneasilylogintoWirelessnetwork,therebylaunchinganattackonthenetwork,whichleadstoapoorenvironmentfortheuseofwirelessnetworkopticalfibercommunicationrouters,andthesecurityindexcontinuestodecline,whichultimatelyaffectstheutilizationrateofusers.
Thereisaproblemofeavesdroppingonnetworkcommunication
Eavesdroppingonnetworkcommunicationmainlyrefersto:duringtheuser'suseofthenetwork,theattackermonitorstheuser'scommunicationinformationtoacertainextent,andpassesthecommunicationcontentthroughtheemulationterminalTheformofthemachinerevealsit.Althoughthenetworkisnotbroadcasttotheoutsideworld,somenetworkattackerscanstillmonitoritthroughsomenetworktoolsandsoftware,andanalyzethetraffic,finally.Identifyinformationthatcanbedestroyed.Oncetheintrudersuccessfullylogsontothewirelessnetwork,itwillposeaseriousthreattothecorporatenetworkandtradesecrets.
Denialofserviceattack
Oneofthemostcommonlyusedsupplymethodsbyhackersisadenialofserviceattack.Inotherwords,thetargethostcannotcontinuetoprovideservices.Frequency,thiswillcausecertainconflictsinthewirelessspectrum,whichwillsendsomeillegalauthenticationrequests,etc.,andthetrafficcannotbetransmittedtothedestination,whichwilleventuallycauseuserstobeunabletousethenetworknormally,whichbringsgreatimpacttotheuser’swork.Troubled.
Safetyprotectionmeasures
Routersareatransitionaltoolforthenetwork,anditalsoplaysaveryimportantroleintheuseofthenetwork.Routervulnerabilitiesaremainlydividedintopasswordcrackingvulnerabilities,Webvulnerabilities,backdoorvulnerabilitiesandoverflowvulnerabilities,butmostoftheroutervulnerabilitiesarerelatedtothequalityoftherouter.Eachrouterhasatleasttwoportsconnectedtotwonetworks.Agoodqualityrouterwillusestrictsecuritymechanismstoprotectitself,andatthesametime,itwillalsoprotecttheconnectedcomputernetworktopreventthepasswordfrombeingcracked.Orleaveabackdoorthatistooobvious.Inaddition,theinstallationofnetworkmanagersandroutersshouldalsoprovidecertainsecurityprotectiontotheequipmenttoisolatethedangerfromtherootcause.ForBGPvulnerabilities,themosteffectivesolutionistosolvetheproblemattheISPlevel.Atthenetworklevel,itistomonitortheroutingofinbounddatapacketsandsearchforanyabnormalitiestosolvethem.Atthesametime,asusersofroutersandnetworkequipment,theyshouldlearnandunderstandthesecurityperformanceofrouters,payattentiontothepasswordsettingsofrouters,etc.,toavoidleavingopportunitiesforcriminals,andatthesametimeWhenthereisaproblemwiththeequipment,itisnecessarytofindrelevantpersonneltodealwithandsolveitintimetominimizethedamageandloss.
Wirelessrouter
WirelessrouterisarouterwithwirelesscoveragefunctionthatisusedforuserstosurftheInternet.Itcanberegardedasarepeatertoforwardbroadbandnetworksignalsthroughantennas.Tonearbywirelessnetworkequipment.Thepopularwirelessroutersonthemarketgenerallysupportfouraccessmethodsofdedicatedlinexdsl/cable,dynamicxdsl,andpptp.Italsohasothernetworkmanagementfunctions,suchasdhcpservice,natfirewall,macaddressfiltering,dynamicdomainnameandotherfunctions.CommonwirelessroutersgenerallyhaveaRJ45portastheWANport,whichistheinterfacefromUPLinktotheexternalnetwork,andtheremaining2-4portsareLANports,usedtoconnecttoacommonlocalareanetwork.Thereisanetworkswitchchipinside,whichspecializesinprocessingtheLANinterface.Exchangeofinformationbetween.Generally,theworkingmodeoftheroutingbetweentheWANportofthewirelessrouterandtheLANgenerallyadoptstheNATmode.Therefore,infact,thewirelessroutercanalsobeusedasawiredrouter.