lausunto
Thisentryhasbeenorganizedwithreferencetotheeditingguideformilitaryequipmententries.TheencyclopediamilitaryeditingteamishotRecruiting.Clicktolearnaboutthemaintenanceteamofthisentry.
Developmenthistory
Developmentbackground
Intheearly1930s,theJapaneseImperialNavy,whichhadbecomeoneoftheworld’snavalpowers,Britishnavychallenge.InJanuary1934,whenJapanreviseditsimperialdefensepolicy,itofficiallylistedtheUnitedStatesasanimaginaryenemy.In1935,theLondonNavalConferencewasconvened.Japanputforwardanequalrequirementforarmamentconstructionandadvocatedtheestablishmentofacommonmaximumpossessionofallcountriesintheworldto"guaranteemutualsecurity",butitwasopposedbyothercountries.In1936,JapanrefusedtosignthenewLondonNavalTreatyandannounceditswithdrawalfromtheConferenceonDisarmament.InJune1936,JapanonceagainreviseditsnationaldefensepolicyandclearlyproposedaninterceptionstrategyagainsttheUnitedStates.Thatis,theImperialJapaneseNavywasfightingagainsttheUnitedStatesintheWesternPacific.Atthebeginningofthewar,themainforceoftheUSFarEastNavyhadtobeeliminatedandtheUSNavy’sactivitiesweredestroyedorseized.ThebasewillthenusethewaterswestoftheOgasawaraIslandsasthescheduledmaritimebattlefieldtointerceptandannihilatetheU.S.fleetofshipsthatarereinforcedbytheUnitedStates.
TheJapaneseAdmiraltybelievesthattowinthewaragainsttheUnitedStates,battleshipsarestillneeded.However,becauseJapanisacountrywitharelativelyweakindustrialbaseandlackofresources,itisdifficulttocompetewiththeUnitedStatesintermsofthenumberofwarships,andevenlessabletocompetewiththeUnitedStatesNavyintermsofthenumberofwarships.Inaccordancewithitspolicyof"quantityshortageandqualitycompensation"sincetheMeijiera,Japanhasestablishedadevelopmentstrategythatusesthepoweradvantageofasinglebattleshiptooffsettheopponent'squantitativeadvantage.TheJapaneseMinistryoftheNavypredictsthatthewidthofbattleshipsbuiltbytheU.S.Navywillbeequippedwith406mmnavalgunsduetotherestrictionsofthePanamaTreaty.Japanhadtrial-produceda460mmnavalgunasearlyas1916,andmanufactureda480mmnavalgunin1920,andhascertainexperienceinthemanufactureoflarge-caliberartillery.Underthisideologicalguidance,theJapaneseNavybegantopreparetobuildasuperbattleshipequippedwitha460mmcalibermaingun,andtoformamaritimestrikeforcewithbattleshipsasthecore.
Rakennushistoria
Vuonna 1932 Japani aloitti Yamato-luokan taistelulaivojen suunnittelun.
InOctober1934,theJapaneseNavyofficiallyissuedthedesigntaskofanewbattleship,requiring8ormore460mmmainguns,12155mmsecondaryguns,or8200mmsecondaryguns.Withamaximumspeedofmorethan30knots,thehulldefensivearmorcanwithstandtheblowsofitsmaingunsatadistanceof20-35kilometers.
FromMarch10,1935toJuly20,1936,23designsfromA-140toA-140F5weresuccessivelyproposed.Amongthem,theoriginalA-140plan,thenewbattleshiphasanormaldisplacementof69,500tons,alengthof294meters,amainengineoutputof200,000shafthorsepower,amaximumspeedof31knots,andanenduranceof8,000nauticalmiles/18knots.LiketheBritishNelson-classbattleships,thegunsareconcentratedonthefrontdeck.TheJapaneseNavyfinallyadoptedthedesignoftwotriple-mountedmainturretsonthefrontdeckandonetriple-mountedmainturretonthereardeck.Amongthevariousdesignschemesofthenewship,thepowerplantwasoriginallyplannedtouseahybridpowerofasteamturbineandadieselengine.DuetothehighfailurerateoftheJapaneseNavy’sdieselengine-mountedOwhalesubmarinecarrier,theplanwasfinallyabandonedandthefinalA-140F5planwasusedfortheconstructionoftheYamatobattleship(5photos)
Vain höyryturbiineja käytetäänp>.
Vuonna 1937 Japanin Navy muotoili Aseistuslisäsuunnitelman ("03Ship SupplementPlan", joka tunnetaan myös nimellä03Plan) ja määritti muodollisesti kahden Yamato-luokan taistelualuksen rakentamisenA-140F6-suunnitelman mukaisesti, nimittäin "Yamato-yleissuunnittelijan" se osti Saksasta 15 000 tonnia hydraulipuristimia (16 000 tonnia yhdessä sanassa) ja kolme 70 tonnin uuniuunia tuottaakseen panssaroituja teräslevyjä, mukaan lukien 650 mm paksut (Yamaton päärakennuksen käyttämä) .)Sisältäen isot taotut osat.
4. marraskuuta 1937 aluksen nro 1 rakentaminenKureNaval Factoryn telakalla aloitettiinKureCityssä, Hiroshiman prefektuurissa. Sen virallinen nimi on "WarshipYamato".("Yamato"onpaninNaran prefektuurin muinaisen vasalmaan nimi, ja quotmeasX).
OnAugust8,1940,theYamatobattleship(abbreviatedas:Yamato)waslaunched.Inordertokeeptheshipunderconstruction,strictconfidentialitycontrolwascarriedout.Theshipyardwassurroundedbysurroundingareaswhereitcouldoverlooktheshipyard.AfterthelaunchoftheYamatoandYamato,theoutfittingprojectbegan.Duringtheentireconstructionprocess,itcost150billionyen(post-warprice),andtheaverageconstructioncostpertonwasabout2millionyen.
Lokakuussa 1941 Yamato aloitti koepurjehduksen. 7. joulukuuta 1941 PearlHarbor-onnettomuuden puhkeamispäivänä Yamato purjehdus päättyi.
Palveluhistoria
16.12.1941 Yamato valmistui virallisesti ja liitettiin Japanin yhteislaivastoon.
OnFebruary12,1942,YamatosucceededthebattleshipNagatoastheflagshipoftheJapanesecombinedfleet.
Varhain aamulla 7. huhtikuuta 1945Yamato hyökkäsiYamatoon Yhdysvaltain lentoyhtiöön perustuvan lentokoneen kimppuunKyushun saaren lounaismerellä.Se oli 10 torpedoa ja 24 pommia. tpituusaste,30astetta43minuuttia pohjoisleveysaste.
Tekniset ominaisuudet
Aluksen tyyppirakenne
Alustyyppi
ThebowoftheYamatobattleshipisonthewaterlineThepositionisdeepandvertical,theupperpartisobviouslyinclinedforward,andthefrontofthebowisapproximatelysemicircular.ThesphericalbowadoptedbytheYamatoisoneofitsgreatestfeatures.Thissphericalbowislocatedabout3metersbelowthewaterline,andtheseatrialprovedthatthisbowhasobviousadvantages.Duetotheuseofthisnovelbow,thelengthofthewaterlineisreducedbyabout3meters,andthedisplacementissavedbyabout30tons.Atthesametime,thebulbousbowiscombinedwiththegoodlineardesignofthehull,whichmakesthehull'sdragreductionperformanceverygood.Withthemainenginepowerof150,000horsepower,thespeedexceeds27knots.
TheforedeckoftheYamatoisdifferentfromothersimilarwarships.Itsinnerwaistiscurvedandthehulliswider.Atsea,thestabilityofthebattleshiphullactuallyaffectstheshootingaccuracyofthemaingun.Large,butthehullisthickandshort,whichbringsbetterlongitudinalstability.Manyofitsimprovementshavebeenadoptedbylargewarshipsandaircraftcarrierslaterdesignedbycountriesaroundtheworld.
ThereardeckoftheYamatoisalsounique.Behindtherearmaingun,thereareorganicstorage,boatstorage,carrieraircraftrecoveryandlaunchingdevices,etc.Inordertoavoidtheimpactofartilleryshockwaves,hangars,boatgaragesandotherfacilitiesareundertheupperdeck.Thedeckbehindtherearmaingunisanirondeck.Therearetunnel-shapedboathousesonbothsidesoftherearmaingun.Thereartwosidesoftheboathousealsohaveoverhangs,underwhichtherearetracksforthemobileboatcranestoliftandunloadtheboats.Therearupperdeckissunkenatthesternoftheshipfortemporarystorageofcarrier-basedaircraftwhenhoisting,andthereisanopeninginfrontofthesunken,leadingtothehangar.Thehangarinsidetheshipislocatedinthemiddleoftheupperdeckandthemiddledeckinfrontoftherearmaingun.Thefronthalfareacanbeplacedonbothsidesof3fighterplanesand3observationplanes,andcarrier-basedaircraftlaunchersareinstalledonbothsides.TheshapeoftheYamato’ssternissimilartothatofacruiser,exceptthatthereisaflatplaceontherearendofthestern.Theseaplanerecoverydevicewasoriginallyplannedtobeinstalledhere,butitwasnotinstalledforsomereason.
Yamato-aluksen painojakauma onseuraava:20 122 tonnia runkoa, 21 266 tonnia maatilaa, 1 629 tonnia puolustuslevyjä, 11 611 tonnia asejärjestelmiä, 5 300 tonnia päävarusteita, 1 756 tonnia 4 tonnia,1756 tonnia. laitteet,75tnsoftorpedot,95tonnianavigointi-jaoptiset laitteet,1108tonniasähkölaitteet,111tonnia lentokonetta,297tonnia kattilavettä,212tonnia valmistettua vettä,4210tonnia raskasta öljyä,4210tonniarakasta öljyä ja 4tonnia öljyä,81tt.
Silta
TheYamatohasatotalof2bridges.Thefrontbridgebeforethechimneyisthebattlecommandcenterofthewholeship.ThechimneyAfterthatistherearbridge,whichisthepreparatorycombatcommandpost(whentheartilleryfiresbeforeandafterthesplitfire,italsoservesastherearcommandpost).TheYamatochangedthesituationthatthebridgesoflargebattleshipsweretoolarge,startingfromtherealityofnavalbattles,andappearedveryconcise.Thesideareaofthebridgeis310squaremeters,butthefrontalareaisonly159squaremeters,whichisonlyhalfofthesidearea,andthewindresistanceisrelativelysmall;itadoptsadoublecylindricalstructurewithvariouslinesandpipesintheinnertubeandbetweentheinnerandoutertubes.Therearevariousspecialchambersinthemezzanine,anddevicesrelatedtocommandanddetectionarearrangedaroundtheoutercylinder.Inordertoreducetheimpactofshockwaves,therearefewopeningsontheoutsideofthebridge,andtheshapeofthebridgeisclosedandtidy.
ThetopofYamato’sfrontbridgeisequippedwithamaingunobservatory/maingunfiringcommandpost,abuilt-in98-typeazimuthplate,aperiscopetelescopeonthetop,anda15-meterrangefinderunderit.Belowthemaingunfiringcommandpostistheairdefensecommandpost.Anumberofhigh-colorbinocularsareinstalledaroundtheprotectiverotatingplateonthetopopendeck.Belowtheairdefensecommandpostisthedaytimecombatbridge,alsoknownasthefirstbridge.Thefrontandsideshaveairregulatingboardsandprotectivedevices.Usually,thecommanderandstaffofthefleetcommanderandhisheadquarters,captain,etc.directthebattlehere.Thenextflooristhewarroomandthecaptain’slounge.Thefollowingaretheupperobservationpost,thecompassroom(thatis,thenightbattlecommandpost),thelowerobservationpost(thesecondchartroom),andthecommandtower(actuallyacommunicationchannel,thatis,thecommunicationtube),etc.
Suojaus
ThearmorbeltofYamato,accordingtothedesignrequirementsofbattleships,canwithstandthearmorofitsown460mmmaingunat20～Shellingatadistanceof30kilometers.Thisclassofshipistheheaviestarmoredtypeintheentirebattleshiphistory.Thearmorbelthasbeenstrictlydesignedandprocessed,andithasagoodbullet-proofappearance.Thefrontalprotectiveshieldoftheship’smainturretis650mmthick,whichisthethickestironarmoreverseenintheworld’smilitaryhistory.The410mmsidearmorofthisclasshasaninclinationof20degrees(inclinedtotheinside).Thesidearmorinclinationisthelargestamongbattleships.The230mmarmorattheedgeofthemiddeckoftheYamatoalsohasaninclinationof7degrees.TheinclineddesignimprovestheresilienceofYamato'sarmor.TheYamato’sentireship’sarmorwasdeployedtoprovidekeyprotectionforthecommandtower,turret,mainengineandammunitiondepot;topreventaircraftbombingandlong-rangeartillerybattlesfromfallingatalargeangle,thedeckofimportantpartsoftheshipwasfurtherstrengthened.Atthesametime,inordertoreducetheweightoftheentireshipandensuretherotationspeedoftheturret,thedefensedesignoftheship’ssecondarygunisrelativelyweak.Itsturretarmoris25mm.)
Itcanonlydefendagainstshrapnelandnearmissingbullets.Theturretbaseofthesecondarygunuses75mmthickalloycopperarmortoprotecttheaccesstotheammunitiondepot.Twosub-turretswithweakdefensivecapabilitiesinstalledonthecenterlineoftheship’shullareadjacenttothemainturret.Theammunitionstorageistooclose.Oncethedamageishit,itwilleasilyspreadtothemainartilleryammunitionstorage.Thisisanobviousdefect.Thestrengtheningofprotectivemeasuresonlystrengthenedtheprotectionoftheammunitiondepot.Inordertopreventmineandtorpedoattacks,thebottomoftheYamatoclassusesathree-layerbottom.Atthesametime,inordertoimprovethesinkingresistance,theshipwasdividedinto1,147watertightcompartments.Thetorpedo-proofdesignoftheYamato-classhullisnotscientific,andthisisalsoamajorreasonforthesubsequentsinkingoftheYamato.Thecriticalpartsoftheship'sammunitioncompartment,mainengine,boilercompartment,etc.areconcentratedinthedefensivezoneprotectedbyheavyarmorbeltsinthemiddleofthewarship(extendingfromthefrontendofthefrontmainguntotherearendoftherearmaingun).Thesidearmorofthedefensivezoneextendsfromthemidshipwaterlinetothebottomofthebattleship.Thethicknessofthemainarmorbeltattheupperwaterlineis410mm,andthethicknessofthesidestrakebelowthemainarmorbeltis75-200mm(Decreasefromtoptobottom).Thearmoratthetopofthedefensivezoneislaidonthemiddeckofthebattleshipwithathicknessof200-230mm.Thefrontandrearendsofthedefensivezoneareprotectedby270-350mmthickarmoredwalls.
| Suojahaarniska | ||
| Mainarmorvyö | Keskikannen alapuolella | 410 mm (135 mm karkaistu kerros) |
| Kallekulma | 20° | |
| kansi | yläkansi | td>35–55 mm | < /tr>
| Keskikansi | 200 mm | tr>|
| torni | etu | 650 mm |
| Sivu | 250 mm | |
| yläosa | 270 mm | |
| tykin kiinnitys | 560 mm | |
| pohja | 250 mm | |
| Ammuslaipio | Yläosa | 270 mm |
| Pohja | 50-80 mm | |
| kaltevuus< /td> | 25° | |
| konehuone, kattilahuone | ylhäältä | 200 mm |
| laivan pohjaan | 75–90 mm | kaltevuus | 14° |
Voimajärjestelmä
Yamato-taistelulaiva on varustettu 12 kattilalla, 4 höyryturbiinilla, maksimikestolla 7 200 merimailia / 16 solmua ja maksimikuormalla 6 400 tonnia raskasta öljyä.
TheYamatousesamaturetechnologysteamturbineinthedesign,sothattheshipcanreachaspeedof27knots.
Inordertoimprovethemaneuverability,Yamatoadoptedsemi-balancedrudder,whichisconfiguredfrontandrear,andthedistanceis15meters.).Thelargerearrudderisthemainrudder;thesmallfrontrudderistheauxiliaryrudder.Duetothelargeinertiaoftheship,itisdifficulttosteerwithonlytheauxiliaryrudder,whichassiststhemainrudder.Therearefacilitiessuchasbatteries,dieselengines,andhydraulicpumpsinthesteeringgearroomwiththickdeckprotection.Themainruddercanstillworkevenwhenthepowersupplyiscutoff.
TheYamatousesasinglechimney,andtheflueofeachboileriszigzagbackwards,connectingwithacertainpartofthechimney.Thechimneyisalsotiltedbackasfaraspossibletoavoidsmokeexhaustaffectingthebridgework.Inordertoensurethesafetyoftheopeningofthechimneyoftheshiphull,ahoneycombpanelisinstalledattheopening,whichis380mmthickandhasmanyventswithadiameterof180mm.Inaddition,50mmthickprotectionisinstalledontheslopeandsideofthechimney.Thesafetyofdecksandchimneyshasbeenimproved.
WeaponSystem
MainGun
TheYamatobattleshipisequippedwiththreetriple-mountedType9445-timesdiameter460mmnavalguns(Atotalof9),ofwhichtwotriple-mountedturretsarearrangedonthefrontdeck,andonetriple-mountedturretisarrangedonthereardeck.Atthattime,theJapanesenavykeptsecretthecaliberofthemaingun.ItwascalledtheType94400mmgunwithacaliber45timesthelengthofthegun.Theactualsizewas460mm.Thegunbodyweighs165tons.Thetotalweightofthethreeartilleryinaturretis1,720tons.Withtheweightoftheturretarmor(790tons)andammunition,thetotalweightoftherotationpartofasingleturretis2,774tons,whichisequivalenttotheJapaneseNavy'sAutumnMoonclass.Thedisplacementofthedestroyer.
TherearoftheYamatomainturretisequippedwitha93-type15-meterbaselinerangefinder(equippedwithagyro,whichcanmaintainstabilitywhensailing),andperiscopesightsareinstalledinthefrontofbothsidesoftheturretandinthefrontofthetop..Thepitchangleoftheturretis+45degreesto-5degrees.Whentheartilleryisloadedwithshells,itisfixedat+3degrees,thepitchspeedis8degreespersecond,andtheturretrevolvesfor3minutes.Thefiringspeedisthreevolleysin2minutes,1.8roundsperminute;thebasenumberofshellsis100roundspergun,eachroundweighs1.5tons,andeachroundhasachargeof330kilograms.Theraisingspeedis6secondsperround,andthereloadingismechanized.
Yamato 460 mm:n valovalkuni kolmella tyypillä
Yamato-taistelulaivan tärkeimmän osan sisäinen rakenne (2 kuvaa)
Theshellsare91typearmor-piercingshells,3typepairsAirbombsandhigh-explosivebombs.TheType91armor-piercingprojectileweighs1,460kg(33.85kgofbuilt-inexplosives),hasafiringpressureof32kg/mm2,muzzlevelocityof785meterspersecond,andamaximumrangeof42050meters(45degreeselevationangle).Themaingunhasarangeof40,700metersatanelevationof40degrees,35826metersat30degrees,27916metersat20degrees,and16,843metersat10degrees.TheweightoftheType3anti-aircraftandthehigh-explosiveprojectileis1360kg,andthemuzzlevelocityisalso805m/s.Forcombatingunarmoredtargetsandperformingshorebombingmissions.WhentheYamato’s9maingunsfiredatoneside,therecoilforcereached8,000tons,andtheshockwavewasalsoverystrongduringlaunch.TheJapaneseshipdesigndepartmentaimedtoreducetheshockwave
155mmnavalgun3Dmap (4 kuvaa)
,theliftingandventsarecentrallyarrangedbehindthewindshieldinfrontoftherearmaingun,whichcanmakethedeckinfrontoftherearmaingunlookcleanandsimple,andVentilatorscanbeusedtoreducetheimpactofthemaingunshockwave.Theshellsfiredafterthethree-unitmaingunsalvosofteninterferewitheachotherinflightandaffecttheshootingaccuracy.Previously,thisproblemwasgenerallysolvedbyalternatelyfiringthemiddleartillerywiththetwosideartillery,andYamatoinstalledacannonlaunchdelaydeviceonthemainguntodelaythelaunchtimeofthemiddleartillerycomparedtothetwosideartillery.From3/1000secondsto5/1000seconds,soastoensurethatthethreemaingunscanfireatthesametime.SecondaryArtillery
Yamaton toissijainen tykistö käyttää neljä kolminkertaisesti asennettua 60-kertaista halkaisijaltaan 155 mm:n navalguneja, yhteensä 12 nelipyssyä
YamatoBattleshipSeaplane (5 kuvaa)
Thetowerswereinstalledonthefrontandrearofthesuperstructureandonbothsidesofthesuperstructure,andtwotowerswereremovedafterthefinalmodification.Others
Yamatossa on myös 12 kaksoisasennettavaa 127 mm:n valkunia, yhteensä 24 (6, joista on lisätty muutoksen jälkeen); 45 kolminkertaisesti asennettua, 21 yksittäistä 25 mm:n valkunia, yhteensä 156;kaksi kaksoisasennettavaa 13,2 mm:n pistoolia. .
Suorituskykytiedot
Laivan leveys
65 000 tonnia
69 000 tonnia (kokeilu)
12 kattilaa, 4 höyryturbiinia, mainenginenlähtöteho 153 000 hevosvoimaa (peruutus 45 000 hevosvoimaa ), 6400 tonnia kalvovarastoa
Kolmen paikkainen kolmiosainen sarja Tyyppi 9445 × halkaisija 460 mmnavalguns, 9 aseet yhteensä
Neljälle kolminkertaisesti asennettu 60 × halkaisija 155 mm navalguns, 12 pistoolia yhteensä (2 irrotettu ja muutoksen jälkeen)
12Siellä on 24 kaksoisasennettua 127 mm:n naturaalia (6 niistä on lisätty muutoksen jälkeen)
45-paikkainen kolminkertainen, 21-paikkainen 25 mm:n valkuainen, yhteensä 156
Kaksi kaksoisasennettavaa 13,2 mm:n konepistoolia, yhteensä 4
7 lentoyhtiöön perustuvaa lentokonetta(6)
Palveludynamiikka
Kesäkuussa 1942 Yamato osallistui yhteislaivaston lippulaivana Midway-taisteluun.Taistelulaivastoa ja lentotukialustaa käytettiin erikseen.Osallistu taisteluun.
17. elokuuta 1942 Yamato lähti jälleen. Tehtävänä oli tukea Salomonsaarten vastaisia operaatioita. Kuitenkin sen jälkeen, kun laiva saapuiTruksaarille, Yamato WrightBaynaval-taistelussa(5 kuvaa)
wasonlystationedintheportanddidnotparticipateinactualcombat.OnFebruary11,1943,Yamato’ssistershipMusashisucceededYamatoasthenewflagshipofthecombinedfleet.OnMay8th,YamatoleftTrukandreturnedtoWugangtodockforrepairsfor3months,andthenreturnedtoTrukonAugust23.Inthefollowingdays,theshipwasassignedtogotosomeislands.TheJapanesearmydeliveredsuppliesandreplenishedsoldiers.
OnDecember25,1943,theYamatowasattackedbyatorpedofromanAmericansubmarinenearTruk.The165thribonthestarboardsideofthebattleship(neartheNo.3mainturret)washitbyatorpedo.Theimpactoftheexplosioncausedthearc-shapedstructureoftheship'ssidesupportarmorplatetopenetratethelongitudinalsidewallofthewatertightcompartmentforthedefensiveshrapnel.Themachineryroomandthegunpowderstorewerefloodedwithabout3,000tonsofwater.ThedamagedYamatowasevacuatedfromthecombatarea.
OnJanuary16,1944,YamatoreturnedtoWugangagainfordockingandrepair,addingalayerofsteelplatewitha45-degreeinclinationandathicknessof6mminthewaterproofareabelowitssidewaterline.,Toincreaselightningprotectionperformance.Atthesametime,modificationwascarriedouttoimprovetheairdefensecapability.Thetwo155mmturretsonthesideofthebattleshipwereremoved,and6additionaloneswereinstalled.
"uppoamattoman" Yamaton uppoaminen (9 kuvaa)
127mmtwinIhantiaircraft-aseilla,25mmittisten ilma-aseiden määrä on kasvanut 98:aan.Samaan aikaan laivassa on myös nro 22-merivaroitustutka ja nro 13 ilmavaroitustutka.Kesäkuussa 1944,Yamatoosallistui taisteluun.
OnOctober22,1944,asthecoreoftheKuritafleet,theYamatowasattackedbyBruneitoexecutethebattleplanoftheCzechRepublicandparticipateintheBattleofWrightBay.
OnOctober24,1944,YamatoenteredtheSibuyanSeanortheastofWrightIslandandwasattackedbyaircraftcarrier-basedaircraftoftheUSNavy's3rdFleet.Duringthebattle,theYamatowashitbyabombontheforedeckbyanAmericanplane,andtheship'shullwasdamagedintheportanchorlockroom,causingalotofwatertoenter.
OnNovember18,1944,hedepartedfromBruneitoreturntothemainlandonthe24thandarrivedinWugangfordockingrepairandmodification.OnNovember24,1944,theYamatoreturnedtoKurePort,Japan.
OnMarch26,1945,theU.S.ArmybegantolandonOkinawa.Japanattemptedtodispatchafleetofsurfaceships,includingtheYamato,tosupportJapaneseoperationsinOkinawa.OnApril5,theJapaneseMilitaryCommandformallyissuedthe"OperationTenOne"orderfortheYamatotocommitsuicideoperations.OnApril6,10warshipsoftheSecondFleetwithYamatoasitsflagshipwereintheItoSeiichiNavy.Underthecommandofthegeneral,setsailfromtheTokuyamaanchorageinthewesternpartoftheSetoInlandSea.
At12:31onApril7,1945,thefirstattackwaveoftheU.S.Navy’s58taskforcefocusedonattackingtheportsideoftheYamato.4bombsfellneartheNo.3mainturret,2ofwhichA225kgbombpenetratedtherearmaindeckandexploded,destroyingthe155mmsecondaryartilleryandthereservefiringcommandpostattherearofthebattleship.At12:43,atorpedohitthefrontportside.At13:37,threetorpedoeshitthemiddleoftheportsideofthehull.Almostatthesametime,becausea450-kilogramaerialbombdestroyedthedrainvalve,makingtheshipunabletoperformdrainageoperations,thecaptainorderedasymmetricalinjectionofwatertothestarboardcompartmenttorestorethebalanceofthehull,andthespeeddroppedto18knots.At13:44,twotorpedoeshitthemiddleoftheportside,increasingthelefttiltto15-16degrees,whichmadetheship’slarge-caliberantiaircraftgunsunusable.At14:01,threeU.S.aircraftbombshitthemiddleoftheportside.At14:07,atorpedoalsohitthestarboardribofNo.150.At14:12,theYamatowashitbytwotorpedoesinthemiddleandrearoftheportside,andthehulltilted16-18degrees.Sincethestarboardinjectionanddrainageareahasbeenfilledwithwater,watercanonlycontinuetobeinjectedintothemachineryroom,restroomandboilerroom.At14:15,anotherminehittheportsideandthespeedgraduallyreducedto7knots.Thecaptainwasforcedtoissueanabandonmentorder.At14:23,themainartilleryammunitiondepotexplodedandsank.Thecommanderofthe2ndFleet,LieutenantGeneralItoSeiichi,andthethenCaptainYugaYusakuOsaatthetime,had2498survivorsofthe2498deadandonly269(therewerealso7commandersrescued).).
Yleisarvio
Vaikka taistelulaivaYamato on voimakas, se osuu yhteen ajan kanssa, jolloin taistelulaivan asema taistelulaivana alkoi korvata lentotukialuksilla ja Japaninmerellä
YamatoThe Battleship Crane (4 kuvaa)
Thearmyregardeditasthetrumpcardofthefinalbattle.Thecombinedfleetcouldnotbeusedwithoutpermissionandrarelyplayed.Asaresult,theYamatolackscombatexperienceandburiedhiddendangersforsubsequentoperations.Itssinkingwasannounced.ThedestructionoftheJapanesenavyalsoannouncedtheendoftheeraofgreatartilleryships.The3triple460mmmaingunsoftheYamatobattleshipcanpenetratethemainarmorbeltofanybattleshipintheworld.Themainarmoris410mmthick.Itwashitby2torpedoesorseveralheavyaerialbombsatthesametime.Itwillnotaffectthebattle.Themaximumspeedreaches27knots,andtheconstructioncostisequivalentto3Feilong-classaircraftcarriersor1.6Xianghe-classaircraftcarriers.
Thelarge-scaleindustrialresourcesrequiredfortheconstructionofYamato-classbattleshipsnotonlyexceededJapan’seconomicstrengthatthetime,butalsolimitedthenumberofbattleshipsthatcouldbebuilt.TheJapanesenavy'sdeliberatepursuitofthedisplacementofthisclassofshipshasreachedthepointwheredesignersaredeeplyrestrained.Thiskindofgiantbattleshipwithalargedraftneedstoprovidedeep-wateranchoragesandspecialdocks,whichweakenitsdeploymentflexibility,andthisabilityisactuallyoneofthemostimportantadvantagesofbattleships.
ThemodificationoftheYamato-classbattleship'sairdefensereinforcementwascompletedin1945.Beforethemodification,exceptforits155mmsecondaryguns,theentireship’sairdefensecapabilityonlyreliedonsixtwin127mmguns.And825mmcannons.DuetothebackwarddesignandproductionofJapan’sownanti-aircraftartillery,thedesignofthelong-rangeandshort-rangefirepowercannotbematched,andthereisnoradar-guidedairdefensefirenetwork..
Vaikka Yamato-luokan taistelulaivalla on suuri vetoisuus, sen todellinen taistelusuoja, tulivoima ja älykkyysviestintäominaisuudet ovat huonompia kuin suhteellisen pienet länsimaiset taistelulaivat. NetworkReview)