Konsepti
Sumean kuvion tunnistus ontärkeä suunta sumean tutkimukseen ja hermoverkkoon yleinen tietojen miinausmenetelmä.
Theoreticalbasis
In1965,awell-knownAmericancyberneticexpertandprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaLAZadeh(1965)proposedtheconceptoffuzzysets,establishedthetheoryoffuzzysets,andcreatedAtheoreticalmethodtostudytheproblemofambiguityoruncertainty.Inthepast40years,fuzzytheoryandtechnologyhavedevelopedrapidly.Applieddisciplinesbasedonfuzzysettheory,suchasfuzzyclusteranalysis,fuzzypatternrecognition,fuzzycomprehensiveevaluation,fuzzydecisionandfuzzyprediction,fuzzyplanning,fuzzycontrol,fuzzyInformationprocessinghasplayedaveryimportantroleinindustry,agriculture,medicine,military,computerscience,informationscience,managementscience,systemscience,engineeringtechnologyandotherdisciplines,andhasbroughthugeeconomicbenefits.
Arkielämä, ihmiset usein käyttävät identifioida kuvia, tekstiä, kieliä jne.,ilmatieteen, tekniikan tutkimuksen, ympäristötekniikan, lääketieteen, rikostutkinnan, armeijan jne. aloilla.Tällä alalla on yhteinen ominaisuus,jokakäyttöinen identiteetintyyppi,jokakäyttöinenhanke. Tämä on kuvioiden tunnistamisen ongelma.
Patternrecognitionisabranchofartificialintelligencethathasbeenrapidlydevelopedinthepast30years.However,thereisnoprecisedefinitionofwhatisa"pattern"orwhatapatterncanberecognizedbymachines(includinghumans).Here,wecanonlyexplainvisuallythatthereasonwhypeoplecanrecognizeimages,sounds,actions,textshapes,facialexpressions,etc.,isbecausetheyallhavecertainpatternsthatreflecttheircharacteristics.Thisinterpretationisstillatautology,andthereisnoconnotationandextensionoftheinterpretationmodelatall.EvenL.Kanal,anartificialintelligenceexpert,alsobelieves:“Ifadefinitionofamodelemergesandisproventopromotethedevelopmentoftheory,itwillmarkamajoradvancementinhumanintelligence.However,thesituationisnotItaffectsthewideapplicationofpatternrecognitioninvariousfields."
Themechanismofhumanbeingsonthepatternrecognitionprocessisstillnotveryclear.Therecognitionofconcretethingsismainlyapsychologicalphenomenon,andtherecognitionofabstractthingsismainlyathinkingphenomenon.Whenaperson'sknowledgeofspecificthings,itinvolvestherelationshipbetweenthepersonandthestimuluscausedbytheobjectivethingsinthehumansenses.Whenapersonfeelsapattern,hecombinesthisfeelingwiththegeneralconceptsorclueshehasobtainedfromhisownpastexperience,andmakesinductivereasoningjudgments.Duetothevaryingdegreesofambiguityinthecharacteristicsofobjectivethings,classicalrecognitionmethodsarebecominglessandlesssuitablefortherequirementsofobjectivereality.Fuzzyrecognitionisproducedtomeetthisrequirement.
Thefuzzysetmethodoffuzzyrecognition,namelyfuzzypatternrecognition,isausefulsupplementtotraditionalpatternrecognitionmethods,namelystatisticalmethodsandsyntacticmethods.Itcanidentifyandjudgefuzzythings.Itstheoreticalbasisisfuzzymathematics..Fuzzypatternrecognitionistheintroductionoffuzzymathematicsmethodsinpatternrecognition,andtheuseoffuzzytechnologytodesignmachinerecognitionsystemscansimplifythestructureoftherecognitionsystem,simulatethethinkingprocessofthehumanbrainmoreextensivelyandmoredeeply,soastoperformmoreeffectiveonobjectivethings.Classificationandidentification.
Relatedapplications
Economics
Withtherapiddevelopmentofelectroniccomputers,cybernetics,andsystemscience,itisnecessaryforcomputerstobeabletodealwithcomplexthingslikethehumanbrain.Withtheabilitytorecognize,itisnecessarytostudyanddealwithambiguity.Innaturalsciences,fuzzypatternrecognitioniswidelyused.Forexample,in1992,theNationalScienceFoundationinitiatedaseminartodiscussthechallengesfacedbylanguagetechnology;inOctober2000,theNationalKeyLaboratoryofPatternRecognition,InstituteofAutomation,ChineseAcademyofSciences,joinedCasacoremember.-STAR(ConsortiumforSpeechTranslationAdvancedResearch).
Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofvarioussubjects,especiallyhumanities,socialsubjectsandother"softsciences",thetrendofmathematicsandquantificationhasbeguntoappearinthesefields.Fuzzypatternrecognitionisnolongersimplylimitedtotheapplicationofnaturalsciences,butalsoappliedtosocialsciences,especiallyeconomicmanagementdisciplines.
Forexample,ChenShouyu(2001)proposedafuzzyrecognitionmodelandmethodforsustainabledevelopmentsystemevaluation,includingtheprincipleandmethodoffuzzysafetydecision-makingtodeterminetheweightvectorofevaluationindicators.Themodelandmethodcanbeusedintheevaluationofsustainabledevelopmentsystemssuchassocialeconomy,ecologicalenvironment,resources,andenergy.ChenShouyu(2002)proposedafuzzypatternrecognitionmodeltodeterminethecentralcitybasedontheambiguityoftheconceptof"centralcity"ineconomiczoning.Healsoproposedafuzzydecisionanalysismethodtodeterminetheweightofmulti-objectiveindicators.Bydeterminingtherelativemembershipdegreeoftheindicatortothe"importance"ofthefuzzyconcept,theobjectiveweightisdetermined,avoidingthesubjectivityoftheweight.ZhangShoufengetal.(2003)usedtriangularfuzzynumberstorepresentfuzzyconcepts,proposedanewmulti-layermulti-levelfuzzypatternrecognitionmodel,andusedthismodeltoperformfuzzycomprehensiveevaluationandpatternrecognitiononacertainenterprise'scompetitiveness.Onthebasisoftraditionalfuzzypatternrecognition,WangYing(2004)usesnormalmembershipcloudtoreplacetheprecisemembershipfunctionintraditionalfuzzyrecognitionmethods,constructsarelatednormalcloudmodel,andmakesanapplicationofcloudtheoryinthefieldofeconomicmanagement.Preliminarydiscussionandidentificationofthecompetitivepositioningoftheenterpriseinthemarketovercomesthetheoreticaldefectoflosingambiguityduetotheuniquenessofthedegreeofmembershipdetermination,sothattheobtainedjudgmentconclusionsaremorereasonableandclosetoreality.WangZhongbinetal.(2004)usedthemethodofcombiningsystemandfuzzyanalysistofirstdecomposetheassetrisksfacedbyfinancialinstitutionsintoseveralriskfactorsubsystems;thenusefinancialtheoryasaguidetoestablishthemembershipdegreeofeachsubsystem’sriskfactorevaluationMatrix,andonthisbasis,thefuzzyindirectrecognitionmodelandtheconceptofclosenessareusedtoconstructafuzzyrecognitionmodelofsubsystemfactors;finally,thefuzzyrecognitionmodeloftheentirefinancialinstitutionsystemisestablishedthroughthesynthesisofthefuzzyrecognitionmodelsofvarioussubsystemstoachieveThepurposeofrankingtherisksoftheentirefinancialinstitution,resolvingfinancialhiddendangersandensuringnationaleconomicsecurity.
PublicFinance
Publicfinanceisaneconomicactivity(distributionactivity)withthestate(government)asthemainbody.Itisaneconomicactivityordistributionactivitythatfocusesonmeetingthepublicneedsofsociety.Socialpublicneedsdeterminetheexistenceofpublicfinances,thescopeofpublicfinancesandtheireffects.Publicfinanceshouldfocusonmeetingthepublicneedsofmembersofsociety,andshouldnotgobeyondmarketforcestomeettheprivateneedsofmembersofsociety.
Tojudgethesituationofpublicfinances,inapracticalsense,itisnecessarytocomprehensivelyconsidertwoaspects:oneistomakeacomprehensivejudgmentonthestateofpublicfinancestodeterminewhatthestateofpublicfinancesisatthistime,Inordertofacilitatetheadoptionofcorrespondingmeasures;thesecondistosorttheprosandconsofavarietyofsituationsinpublicfinancialmanagement,andtojudgewhetherthesituationisgoodorbad,soastohelpaccumulatemanagementexperienceandsupplementresearchmaterials.Thesetwotypesofissuesareatthesametimeinterrelated,andthelatterprovidesamorethoroughanddetailedbasisforthejudgmentoftheformer.
Inviewofthefuzzinessoftheevaluationofthequalityofpublicfinances,thefuzzypatternrecognitiontheorycanbeusedintheevaluationoftheadvantagesanddisadvantages,andtheevaluationindexsystemcanbedesigned.Comprehensiveevaluationandacomprehensiverankingofpublicexpendituresin10provinces.
(1) Mallin perustaminen
Firstofall,itisnecessarytodeterminetheindexsystemusedforjudgment,thatis,todeterminethedomainXforfuzzyrecognition.
Thisarticletakesthepublicexpenditureinmycountry’spublicfinanceastheobjectofidentification.Here,wewilldeterminethecaliberofthestudyin10provinces(Beijing,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Shanxi,Hubei,Hunan,Shaanxi),Yunnan,Gansu),andthefiscalexpendituresystemisvaguelydeterminedasbasicconstructionexpenditure,agricultureandforestryexpenditure,educationexpenditure,medicalandhealthexpenditure,socialsecuritysubsidyexpenditure,administrativemanagementexpenditure,publicsecurity,procuratorateandlawdepartmentexpenditure,andspecialexpenditure.TheyconstitutedomainX:
={capitalconstructionexpenditure,agricultureandforestryexpenditure,educationexpenditure,medicalandhealthexpenditure,socialsecuritysubsidyexpenditure,administrativemanagementexpenditure,publicinspectiondepartmentexpenditure,specialexpenditure}.
Accordingtothebasicprinciplesoffuzzypatternrecognition,combinedwiththelong-termaccumulationofexperienceinpublicfinancialmanagementandtheactualsituation,aseriesoffuzzysubsetsonthedomainXcanbeestablished.TheseseriesoffuzzysubsetsrepresentpublicThevariousambiguitiesoffinancialmanagement.Accordingtotheaboveassumption,letj=10,thenthefuzzysubsetA
specifiesthethresholdλaccordingtothefuzzyrecognitionmatrix.Accordingtothethresholdprinciple,thecut-inmatrixR①canbeobtained,sothattheoptimalvector.Removethisvectorandrepeatthismethodtogetthisoptimalvectorinturn.
(2)Tietojen kerääminen
Maani 10 provinssin (Peking,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Shanxi,Hubei,Hunan,Shaanxi,Yunnan,Gansu)julkisten rahoituskulujen mukaan (pääomanrakennusmenot,maatalous- ja metsätalouskustannukset,terveysmenot menot,hallintomenot,julkinen turvallisuus,prokuraattorin ja lakiosaston menot,erityismenot)tutkimuksen taso.