Introduction
Gravureprinting,referredtoasgravureprinting,isoneofthefourprintingmethods.Gravureprintingisadirectprintingmethodthatdirectlyimprintstheinkcontainedinthegravurepitsontothesubstrate.Theshadeoftheprintedpictureisdeterminedbythesizeanddepthofthepits.Ifthepitsaredeeper,Itcontainsmoreink,andtheinklayerleftonthesubstrateafterembossingisthicker;onthecontrary,ifthepitsareshallower,theamountofinkcontainedisless,andtheinklayerleftonthesubstrateafterembossingIt'sthinner.Theprintingplateofgravureprintingiscomposedofpitscorrespondingtotheoriginalimageandtextandthesurfaceoftheprintingplate.Duringprinting,theinkisfilledintothepits,andtheinkonthesurfaceoftheprintingplateisscrapedoffwithasqueegee.Thereisacertainpressurecontactbetweentheprintingplateandthesubstrate,andtheinkinthepitsistransferredtothesubstratetocompletetheprinting.Gravureprinting,asakindofprintingprocess,hastheadvantagesofthickinklayer,brightcolor,highsaturation,highprintingplatedurability,stableprintingquality,fastprintingspeedandotheradvantagesinprintingpackagingandgraphicpublishing.Occupyanextremelyimportantposition.Fromtheperspectiveofapplication,inforeigncountries,gravureprintingismainlyusedforfinepublicationssuchasmagazinesandproductcatalogs,packagingprintingandprintingofsecuritiessuchasbanknotesandstamps,anditisalsousedinspecialfieldssuchasdecorativematerials;inChina,gravureprintingPrintingismainlyusedforflexiblepackagingprinting.Withthedevelopmentofdomesticgravureprintingtechnology,ithasalsobeenwidelyusedinpaperpackaging,woodgraindecoration,leathermaterials,andpharmaceuticalpackaging.Ofcourse,gravureprintingalsohasitslimitations.Itsmaindisadvantagesare:complexpre-pressplate-makingtechnology,longcycle,highplate-makingcost;duetotheuseofvolatilesolvents,thehighcontentofharmfulgasesintheworkshopwillcausegreaterdamagetothehealthofworkers;gravureprintingPractitionersrequirerelativelyhighremuneration.
Developmenthistory
Oneofthebasicprintingmethods.Thegraphicsandtextoftheprintingplatearelowerthantheblankpart,andthewholepageisinkedwhenprinting,andthenthelayoutiswiped,sothatonlytheinkisleftinthegraphicsandtextpart,whichistransferredtothesubstrateandbecomesaprintedmatter.Itcanbedividedintothreetypes:engravingintaglio,photo-etchingintaglioandelectronicengraving.
Engravingintaglioisdevelopedfromtheartofprintmaking.Itwasinventedin1452bytheItaliangoldandsilversmithM.Finiguela.Atfirstitwasallhand-carved,butlateritwaschemicallyetched.Inmoderntimes,machineryhasbeenusedasmuchaspossible.Thelayoutiscomposedofpointsandlinesofdifferentdepthandthickness.Thelinesoftheprintedmatterareslightlyconvex,cleanandclear,andanti-counterfeiting,soitismostlyusedforprintingbanknotes,stampsandothervaluablesecurities.
PhotographiccorrosionintaglioInthelate19thcentury,thepainterK.Klick,whowasborninBohemia,usedhispredecessor'sphotographyandcarbonpaperprintingtoinventthephotogravureandtheintagliowithascraper.Printingmethod.Theinkedpartofthegraphiconthepageisaregulararrangementofsmallholes(cells),whicharegenerallysquareinshapeandthesamesize,butwithdifferentshadesanddifferentinkcapacities.Itsprintedmatterhasthickinkandcanachieveaprintingeffectthatiscompletelyconsistentwiththetoneleveloftheoriginalimage.Itisthemostcommontypeofgravureprinting,soitisalsocalledtraditionalgravure.Formorethanhalfacentury,severalnewphoto-corrosiveintaglioplateshavebeendeveloped.Forexample,referringtotheoffsetprintingdotstructure,theinkingholesaredifferentinsize,butthedepthisthesameorinconsistent,andtheprintingqualityisbetter.
Inthemiddleofthe20thcentury,electronicengravingofintaglioengravingmachinesbegantohaveintaglioelectronicengravingmachines.Itusesascanningheadandacomputer-controlleddiamondcuttertoengravepicturesandtextsonthedrum.Theinkingholesareintheshapeofaninvertedpyramid.Therearechangesindepth.Itsprintingqualityisnolessthanthatofphoto-corrosiongravure,andithastheadvantagesofsimpleoperation,shortplate-makingtime,andnowasteliquiddisposalproblems.
Moderngravureprintingplatesaremostlymadeonthesurfaceofaroundcylinder,andtheprintingmethodofroundpressingisadopted.Usuallytheimpressioncylinderisontopandtheplatecylinderisonthebottom.Thelowerpartoftheprintingplatecylinderisimmersedintheinktank,andtheplatesurfacegetsinkfromthetank(itisalsousedtoejectinkfromaninkpumportransferinktotheplatesurfacebyaninkrollerimmersedintheinktank).Athinsteelscraperisplacedabovetheinktanktopressonthesurfaceoftheplatecylindertoscrapeofftheinkontheplatesurfacewithoutgraphics(itcanalsobewipedwithacounter-rotatingwiperroller).Theinkremainingintheinkholes(orlines)ofthegraphicandtextonthelayoutistransferredtothepaper(plasticfilm,aluminumfoil,etc.)passingthroughwhenitistransferredtothetangentpointofthetwocylinders,andthegraphicandtextareprinted.
Comparedwithoffsetprintingorcopperplateembossingwhencopyingmonochromeorcolorphotographs,ithasthickinklayer,richlayers,goodprintingquality,lowwastepaperrate,printingplatedurability,long-termstorage,etc.Advantages,especiallygoodprintingeffectoncoarsepaper,cellophane,plasticfilmandmetalfoil.However,gravureprintingtakesalongtimeandhighcost,soonlycolorpictures,picturealbums,magazines,bookillustrations,postcards,trademarks,packaginganddecoration,securities,buildingdecorationmaterials,etc.withhighqualityrequirementsaresuitableforgravureprinting.Moreover,thenumberofprintedproductsislarge,sogravureprintingismorecost-effective.Inaddition,thequalityofprintedsmalltextisnotgood,sogravureprintingisnotrequiredfortext-basedbooksandperiodicals.
Becausethegravureinkmusteasilyentertheinkingholesoftheprintingplateandtransfertothepaper,ithasgoodfluidity,andvolatilebenzenesarecommonlyusedassolvents.Inordertopreventsolventsfrompollutingtheairandpreventingfires,attentionmustbepaidtosealingoffallsourcesofpollution,recoveringsolvents,andventilatingtheworkplace.Theresearchandapplicationofwater-basedgravureinksthatrequirenodegradationofprintingqualityareactivelybeingexploredathomeandabroad.
Tyypit
Syväpainatustyypit on jaettu kahteen tyyppiin levynvalmistusmenetelmän mukaan: kaiverrus ja syvennys.
Engravingintaglio
Engravingintaglioistodirectlyengravethepitscorrespondingtotheoriginalimageandtextonthesurfaceoftheprintingplatecylinderwithacutter.Accordingtothecontrolmethodofthecutter,itcanbedividedintoHand-engravedintaglio,mechanicalengravedintaglioandelectronicengravedintaglio.
(1)Käsin kaiverrettu syvennys
Hand-engravedintaglioismadebytechniciansusingacarvingknifetohand-engravethesurfaceoftheprintingplatecylinderaccordingtotheoriginalgraphicsandtext.TheprintingplatematerialsareavailableCopperorsteelplate.Themanuallaborisheavy,theplate-makingcostislarge,andthecycleislong.However,thehand-engravedintagliohasclearlines,andtheprintedmatterhasastrongsenseoflayeringandisdifficulttoforge.Mostlyusedtoproduceprintedintaglioplatesforsecuritiesandhigh-qualityartworks.
(2)Mekaaninen kaiverrusmusiikki
Mechanicalengravingintaglioismadebyengravingonthesurfaceoftheprintingplatecylinderwithamechanicallycontrolledcutter,whichreducestheheavylaborofmanualengraving,andmakestheplateThespeedisfast,thecycleisshorter,andtheplate-makingcostisalsolower.Mainlyusedtoproduceprintedintaglioplatesforsecurities.
Becauseofthehighcostoftheabovetwotypesofengravingandplate-making,theplate-makingcycleislong,sothescopeofuseislimited.Butthingsaredividedintotwoparts.Asfarasanti-counterfeitingpackagingisconcerned,hand-engravingintagliomaybethebestmethodofplatemaking.Becausesecretanti-counterfeitingisoneofthemainmethodsofanti-counterfeitingpackaging,technicianscanusevariousmethodstoengravesomesecretmarksduringtheprocessofhand-engravingtheintaglio.Thesesecretmarksonthehand-engravedintaglioarenoteasytobefound,anditismoredifficulttodistinguishthemontheprintedmatter.,Whichformsthesecretofanti-counterfeiting.
(3)Sähköinen kaiverrusmusiikki
Thiskindofplateisengravedonthesurfaceoftheprintingplatecylinderbytheelectroniccontroldevicetocontrolthecarvingknife.Usingtheelectronicengravingmachine,accordingtothephotoelectricprinciple,theengravingknifeiscontrolledtoengravethemeshonthesurfaceofthedrum,andtheareaanddepthofthemesharechangedatthesametime.
Corrodedintaglio
Thecorrodedintaglioismadebyetchinginkpitsonthesurfaceoftheplatecylinderbychemicaletchingaccordingtotheoriginalgraphicsandtext.Accordingtothedifferentmethodsofmanuscriptimageandtextconversion,thecorrosionintagliocanbedividedintoetchingintaglio,photointaglio,anddotintaglio.
Theetchingintaglioismadebyaplate-makingmethodthatcombinesengravingandetching.Thatis,theshapeoftheoriginalimageandtextisfirsthand-carved,andthentheintaglioismadebytheetchingmethod.
Photogravureiswidelyused,andisthemostwidelyusedprintingplateingravureprinting,mainlyusedforprintingpictures.
Dotgravureismainlyusedforpackaginganddecorationprintingandbuildingmaterialsprinting.
Tuotantotekijät
Käsikirjoitukset
Syvennyskäsikirjoitukset ovat enimmäkseen jatkuvaa kiveä.
Ink
Gravureprintinginkiscomposedofsolidresin,volatilesolvents,pigments,fillersandadditives.Itdoesnotcontainvegetableoil,andmostofitsdryingmethodsarevolatile.Gravureprintinginkscanbedividedintothreetypes:photocopyinggravureprintinginks;plasticgravureprintinginks;alcohol-solublegravureprintinginks.Theroleofthesolventintheinkis:dissolvingordispersingallsolidcomponentsintheink;wettingthesurfaceofthesubstratetobeprinted;adjustingthedryingspeedoftheink;adjustingtheconsistencyoftheinktomakeitsuitablefortheinkingrequirementsoftheprintingplate.
Theprintingplate
Asignificantdifferencebetweentheintaglioplateandotherplatesisthatthegraphicpartiscomposedofconcaveholeslowerthanthenon-graphicpart,andtheprintingplateismadeofmetalmaterials.Itisfinishedwithchromeandcopperplatedontheoutside.
Substraatti
Syväpainatuksen materiaali voi olla hyvin leveä, mutta sitä voidaan pehmentää korkealaatuisen paperin ja muovikalvon tulostamiseen.
Tulostuskoneet
Syväpainokone koostuu tavallisesti kahdesta osasta, mukaan lukien kelausosa, ohjaustela, painerulla, painotela, musteosa, kaavinterä, kuivausrumpu, vastaanottava tilavuusosa, syväpainokoneen osa, joka sisältää myös virtajärjestelmän.
Productionprocess
Becauseofthehighdegreeofautomationoftheprintingmachineandthehighqualityofplatemaking,theprocessoperationofgravureprintingissimplerthanthatoflithographicprintingandeasytomaster.Theprocessflowisasfollows:
Painamista edeltävä valmistelu→ Pre-press→ Säätösäännöt→ Muodollinen painatus→ Jälkikäsittely
Esivalmistelut
Syväpainatuksen valmistelutyöhön sisältyy:tulostukseen valmistautuminen rakennearkin vaatimusten mukaisesti.Tämä on tarpeen painokoneen voitelemiseksi materiaaleilla, musteella, vetolastalla jne.
Plasticfilmisthemainsubstrateforgravureprinting.Commonlyusedplasticfilmsarepolyethylene,polypropylene,polyvinylchlorideandsoon.Becausetheplasticfilmhasasmoothsurfaceandpoorinkadhesion,thesurfaceofthefilmmustbetreatedbeforeprinting.Coronatreatmentisgenerallyused.Thismethodistopasstheplasticfilmthroughtwoelectrodes,andusehigh-frequencyoscillatingpulsestoforcetheairtoionizetoproduceadischargephenomenontoformacorona.Freeoxygenatomscombinewithoxygenmoleculestogenerateozoneandformthesurfaceofthefilm.Somestronggroupsand"burrs"thatareinvisibletothenakedeyewillincreasethesurfacetensionandroughnessofthefilm,whichisconducivetotheadhesionofinkandadhesive.
Syväpainatus, käyttäen liuotinta haihtuvaa meinkiä, alhaista viskositeettia, hyvää juoksevuutta ja vahvaa tarttuvuutta. Yleisesti käytetyt liuottimet ovat retolueeni, ksyleeni, bensiini, alkoholi jne. Lisää sopiva määrä liuotinta mekaan ennen tulostusta, ja se on paras suodatin ennen käyttöä.
Themainfeatureofthegravureprintingmachineistheuseofasqueegeetoscrapeofftheinkintheblankpartoftheprintingplate.Thesqueegeeisaspecialsteelsheetwithawidthof60mmto80mmandalengthof1000mmto1500mm(dependingonthesizeoftheprintingplatecylinder).Thesqueegeeblademustbeinastraightline.Ifthereisa"smallcrescent"scar,awideobliquelinewillappearontheprintedsheet,thatis,thephenomenonofemptybarswilloccur.
Theprintingplateisthebasisofprinting,anditisdirectlyrelatedtotheprintingquality.Theprintingplateneedstobereviewedbeforetheprinting.Checkwhetherthedotsareneatandcomplete,whetherthechrome-platedprintingplatehasde-chromiumphenomenon,andthetextprintingplaterequirescompletelinesandnobrokenpensandlesslines.Theprintingplatecanbeinstalledontheprintingpressonlyafterdetailedinspection.
Upgrade
Duringtheoperationofprintingplate,payspecialattentiontoprotectthelayoutfrombeingscratched,alignthegrippingrulesandpush-pullrules,andalsoaligntheprintingplate.Thecylinderisfastenedontheprintingmachinetopreventtheplatecylinderfromlooseningduringformalprinting.
Säätösäännöt
Kun tulostusta edeltävät valmistelut on suoritettu, kalibroi tulostuslevy huolellisesti, tarkista paperinsyöttö, paperinsyöttö, paperin syöttö ja työntösäännöt ja tee sopivat säädöt.
Theadjustmentofthesqueegeeismainlytoadjustthedistancebetweenthesqueegeeandtheprintingplateandtheangleofthesqueegee,sothatthepressureofthesqueegeeonthelayoutisevenwithoutdamagingtheprintingplate.
Muodollinen painatus
Muodollisen painatusprosessin aikana sinun tulee tarkistaa, ovatko pisteet ehjät, onko ylipainatus tarkka, ovatko värit kirkkaita, onko värin viskositeetti ja kuivuminen yhdenmukaisia tulostusnopeuden kanssa. s,brokenedges jne.painetulla arkilla.
Theworksiteofgravureprintingshouldhavegoodventilationequipmenttoeliminateharmfulgases,andsolventrecoveryequipmentshouldbeused.Theelectricalappliancesontheprintingpressmusthaveexplosion-proofdevices,andtheymustbecheckedandrepairedfrequentlytoavoidfire.
Features
Theinkcarrieringravureprintingisthepitsengravedontheprintingplate.Theshapeofthepitsisexactlythesameastheoriginalimageandtext.Thereisnoinkonthesurfaceoftheprintingplate.Whentheprintingplateisincontactwiththesubstrate,theinkinthepitistransferredtothesurfaceofthesubstratetocompletetheprintingprocess.Therefore,gravureprintinghassomeuniquecharacteristicsthataredifferentfromotherprintingmethods,whicharediscussedseparatelybelow.
Anti-counterfeiting
Gravureprintingusespitscarvedaccordingtotheoriginalgraphicstocarryink.Thethicknessofthelinesandtheintensityoftheinkcanbearbitrarilycontrolledduringengraving,whichisnoteasytobeimitatedandForgery,especiallythedepthoftheinkpit,isveryunlikelytoberealisticallyengravedaccordingtotheprintedgraphics.Therefore,currentsecuritiessuchasbanknotes,stamps,stocks,etc.aregenerallyprintedwithgravure,whichhasagoodanti-counterfeitingeffect.Atpresent,somecompanies'trademarksandevenpackaginganddecorationhaveconsciouslyadoptedgravureprinting,whichshowsthatgravureprintingisamorevigorousanti-counterfeitingprintingmethod.
Laaja valikoima
Yleisiä ohjelmistomateriaaleja voidaan käyttää syväpainatuksen alustana. Kuten muovi, paperi, alumiinifolio jne., erityisesti joillekin materiaaleille, jotka ovat helposti venyviä ja muotoutuvia, kuten tekstiilimateriaaleja jne., jotka ovat paremmin sopeutumattomia ja painettuina.
Korkea tulostuslaatu
Syväpainatuksessa käytetään paljon mustetta, grafiikka ja teksti ovat kuperia, ja kerrokset ovat rikkaita, linjat ovat selkeitä jalaatukorkea. Suurin osa kirjojen, aikakauslehtien, aikakauslehtien, pakkausten ja koristeiden painamisesta on syväpainoa.
Massprinting
Gravureprintinghasalongplate-makingcycle,highefficiencyandhighcost.Buttheprintingplateisdurable,soitissuitableformassprinting.Thelargerthebatch,thehigherthebenefit,andthelowerthebenefitforprintingwithsmallerbatches.Therefore,thegravuremethodisnotsuitablefortheprintingofsmallbatchesoftrademarks.
Digitalplatemaking
Accordingtothecurrentdomesticactualsituation,therearethreemethodsfordigitalplatemakingofgravure:electronicengravingmachinemethod,laserengravingandpost-corrosionprocessingmethod,andlaseralloyelectroplatingDirectablationmethod.
Elektroninen kaiverruskonemenetelmä
Electronicengravingmachineisaprecisionmachinewithhighqualitystabilityapplyingmoderntechnologysuchasintegratedautomationcontrol.Allproductiondataofelectriccarvingiscollectedindigitalform,whichcanbeusedinsubsequentjobswithstrongreliability.Themanuscriptbecomesadigitalsignalfromthebeginningofbeingscannedandsenttothesoftwareforcolorseparationandthentransmittedtotheelectricengravingmachineorcolorproofingmachine,whichisverybeneficialtothestandardizationandstandardizationoftheproductionprocess,therebyensuringthequalityoftheprintedmatter.Moreover,theelectricengravingworkstationusesTIFFgraphicdatatotransfer,anditiseasilyintegratedandsettheworkingparameterconfigurationthroughtheHelioLightassemblyworkstation.Theengravingsoftwaregeneratestheelectro-engravingcurve,recordstheelectro-engravingparametersanddisplaystheengravingstatus,untiltheCDisburnedtosavethefile.(Convenientformultipleuseandrevision).
Theelectriccarvingcraftisrelativelymature,thecontrolissimple,andthelevelsarerestoredtolife.Thedisadvantageisthattheamountofinkappliedonthespotislimited,andtheinklayerhasinsufficienthidingpowerforsomeroughsubstrates;duetothepartitionbetweenthemechanicallyengravedmeshandthemesh,theedgeofthelinecomposedofthemeshisinevitablyjagged.,Whenprinting,smalltextisnotclearandeasytobreakorpaste.However,HaierofGermanyrecentlylaunchedXtremeengravingtechnology,whichcanreproducethemostsubtlepartsveryfinelyatascreencountofupto400lines/cm.Thefinetextcanindependentlyselecttherecordingresolutionwithoutrelyingonthenumberofengravingscreenlines.ThroughoptimizationTheinkflowsmoothesthecontoursandproducescontourlines.Itcannotonlyrealizeregularoutlets,butalsorealizeFMscreeningandcopying.
Laserkaiverrus ja jälkietsausprosessi
Laserengravingandpost-etchingprocessisanotheradvanceddigitalplatemakingmethodafterelectro-engraving.Itisacceptedthroughinterfacelikeelectro-engravingTheimagefileprocessedbycolorseparationissenttothelasermodulator.Thelaseractsontheprotectivelayerpre-coatedonthesurfaceofthedrumtoexposethecopperorironbottom,andthenformsonthedrumafterdifferentperiodsofcorrosion.Dotpitsofdifferentsizes.
Thelaserengravingprocessovercomestheweaknessofelectro-engravedtextandthinlines,hairyandweakhair,andhighlightsthecharacteristicsofhighinkcontent,thickcolor,clearwriting,anddurability.Itissimilartotraditionalphotogravureplatemaking.Italsohastheadvantagesofhighscreenaccuracy,arbitraryeditingofthenetworkshape,andnoseams.Itissuitableforprintingplateswithparticularlysmallbuthighdefinitionrequirementssuchascigaretteprintingandanti-counterfeitingprinting.Itiswidelyusedinhigh-precisionanti-counterfeitingprintingsuchascurrency,securities,andticketing,aswellashigh-endtobaccoandalcoholpackaging.Itisproducedonfineembossingrollersandrubbercoatingrollers.Therearemoreadvantagesintheprocess.
Thereisalsoasensitizerlasermethod,whichusesavioletlasertoexposeandrinsethephotosensitivelayerofthegraphicpart.Theotherprocessesarebasicallythesameasthelaserengravingmethod.
Laserdirectablationofelectroplatedalloyplatemakingmethod
Thewideapplicationoflaserablationtechnologyingravurewillberapidlypopularizedwiththedevelopmentoflasertechnology.Itdoesnotrequiremechanicaladjustmentandfine-tuning.Linesandtextareclearer,anditiseasiertocontrollevelsthancorrosion.Thelatestlaserengravingmachineonthemarketcurrentlyuseshigh-resolutionlasersforfineengravingdirectlyonthesurfaceofthecopperdrum.Thecontour,dotdistributionanddepthoftheengravedinformationcanbearbitrarilychanged,soastoachievetheoutputeffectthatonlylaserimagesetterscouldachievebefore.
Edut ja haitat
①Edut:Noin 90 % ilmeikäsja rikkaat värit. Vahva väritoistuvuus. Vahva sivutoleranssi. Tulosteiden määrä on suuri.
②Haitat: levyjen valmistusmaksu on kallis, tulostusmaksu on myös kallis, levyjen valmistus on monimutkaisempi ja pieni tulosteiden määrä ei sovellu.
Syväpainon sovellusalue
Engravinggravureprinting,becauseofitsexquisitelinesandnoteasytocounterfeit,isusedintheprintingofsecurities,suchasbanknotes,stocks,giftcertificates,Stampsandcommercialcreditcertificatesorstationery,etc.Becauseofitshighcostofplatemakingandprinting,thereareveryfewusersofgeneralprintedmatter.Asforphotogravure,althoughitsplatemakingprocessismorecomplicatedanditscostismoreexpensive,itisnotsuitableforprintingasmallnumberofprints.Itisgenerallyusedinalargenumberofprintedmaterials,suchascolormagazinesandcurrentlypopularbuildingmaterialsprinting,etc.Bothareextremelysuitable.Becausegravureprintingadoptshigh-speedrotarytype,notonlythespeedisfast,buttheinkfilmismuchthickerthanthatofletterpressorlithography.
Control
Inadditiontobooks,newspapers,andmajorprintingpackaginganddecorationmaterials,gravureprintingshouldmeetthefollowingqualityrequirementsaccordingtothecharacteristicsofgravureprinting.
Mustavalkoiset syväpainot, kirkkaat, keskikokoiset ja tummat sävyt ovat hyvin erottuvia, koordinoituja ja herkkiä. Ulostulot ovat selkeitä ja täydellisiä.
Colorintaglioprinting:theimageisbright,mediumanddarktoneswithdistinctlevels,coordinationandfineness.Thecolorisnaturalandharmonious.Theoutletsareclear,complete,andtheangleisaccurate.Theimageoutlineisclear,andtheoverprintingtoleranceisallowed.
Appearanceofprintedmatter:Thelayoutisclean,uniform,withoutobviousstains.Thepositionoftheimageandtextisaccurate.Thecoloroftheprintingplateisbasicallythesame,thesizeerroroffineprintsisnotmorethan0.5mm,thegeneralprintsarenotmorethan1.0mm,andtheoverprinterrorofthefrontandbacksidesisnotmorethan1.0mm.
Tulostuslaadunhallinta
1.Automaattinen päälletulostuslaite
Anautomaticoverprintingdeviceisinstalledonthewebgravureprintingmachine.Thedeviceiscomposedofscanninghead,pulsegenerator,electroniccontroller,regulatingmotor,overprintregulatingrollerandsoon.
Whentheoverprintmarkontheprintedsheetpassesthroughthescanninghead,thepulsesignalissenttotheelectroniccontroller.Iftheoverprintmarkofthesecondcoloriswrongbeforeorafterthemarkofthefirstcolor,thepulsetimewillbeUneven,sotheelectroniccontrollerstartstheadjustmentmotor,sothattheregisteradjustmentrollerbetweenthefirstcolorandthesecondcolorhasaslightmovementtoeliminatetheregistererror.
2.Staattisen sähkön imeytyslaite
Gravureprintingmachinesaregenerallyequippedwithelectrostaticink-absorbingdevices.Thedeviceiscomposedofahigh-voltageadjustablegenerator,analuminumconductiveroller,aspecialimpressioncylinderwithconductivesurfaceandinsulatingbottomlayer,andaprotectionmechanismtoautomaticallycutoffstaticelectricityandovercurrentshort-circuitprotectionwhenthemachinestops.Theuseofstaticelectricitytoadsorbtheinkintheprintingplatecellstothesurfaceofthesubstratecanincreasetheinktransferratebyabout20%,especiallytomakethelevelofthebrightpartoftheprintedmatterrichlyreproduced.
Ongelmia
Syväpainatuksen viat johtuvat pääasiassa tulostuslevyistä, musteista, substraateista, vetolastuista jne.
(1) Musteen värin epätasaisuus
Thephenomenonofperiodicinkcolorchangesonprintedmatter.Theeliminationmethodsare:correcttheroundnessoftheplatecylinder,adjusttheangleandpressureofthesqueegeeorreplacewithanewsqueegee.
(2) Jälki on sumea ja pörröinen
Theimageoftheprintedmatterishierarchicalandfuzzy,andburrsappearontheedgesoftheimageandtext.Eliminationmethodsinclude:removingstaticelectricityonthesurfaceofthesubstrate,addingapolarsolventtotheink,appropriatelyincreasingtheprintingpressure,andadjustingthepositionofthesqueegee.
(3)Estäminen
Thephenomenonthattheinkdriesupinthecellsoftheprintingplate,orthecellsoftheprintingplatearefilledwithpaperwoolorpaperpowder,iscalledblockage.Theeliminationmethodsare:increasethecontentofthesolventintheink,reducethedryingspeedoftheink,andprintonpaperwithhighsurfacestrength.
(4)Inkoverflow
Thephenomenonofspotsonthesolidpartoftheprintedmatter.Theeliminationmethodsare:addhardvarnishtoincreasetheviscosityoftheink.Adjusttheangleofthesqueegee,increasetheprintingspeed,replacethedeep-cellprintingplatewithashallow-cellprintingplate,etc.
(5)Naarmut
Therearetracesofsqueegeeontheprintedmatter.Theexclusionmethodsare:usecleaninkprintingwithnoforeignmattermixedin.Adjusttheviscosity,dryness,andadhesionoftheink.Useahigh-qualitysqueegeetoadjusttheanglebetweenthesqueegeeandtheprintingplate.
(6)Pigmentisaostuminen
Thephenomenonthatthecolorontheprintedmatterbecomeslighter.Theexclusionmethodsare:printingwithinkswithgooddispersibilityandstableperformance.Addanti-cohesionandanti-precipitationadditivestotheink.Fullyrollandstirtheinkintheinktankfrequently.
(7)Likainen
Thereisinkstainontheprintedmatter.Theeliminationmethodsare:chooseprintinginkwithfastvolatilizationspeed,increasethedryingtemperatureorappropriatelyreducetheprintingspeed.
(8)Musteen valuminen
Theadhesionoftheinkprintedontheplasticfilmispoor,anditisaphenomenoninwhichtheinkisrubbedoffbyhandormechanicalforce.Theeliminationmethodsare:preventtheplasticfilmfromgettingdamp,selectinkprintingwithgoodaffinityfortheplasticfilm,andresurfacetheplasticfilmtoincreasethesurfacetension.
Sovellusala
1. Käsin kaiverretun syväpainon väärentämisenestovaikutus on parempi
Thesecretthatanti-counterfeitingisamajoraspectofcommodityanti-counterfeiting,Andthisisimplementedbythetrademark,hand-engravedgravureprintingprovidesthenecessarymeansforit.Hand-engravedgravureprintingiseasytoimplementsecretanti-counterfeitingduringplatemaking.Thedepthofthepitsduringengravingdeterminestheintensityoftheprints.Theimitatorcaneasilyimitatethesizeoftheimageandthethicknessoftheline,butitisdifficulttoimitatetheintensity.Printsofthesamelevel(thatis,thesamedeepinkpit).Thisisthemainreasonwhygravuremustbeusedforsecuritiesforalongtime.
Thelesstheprintvolume,thebettertheanti-counterfeitingeffect.Duetothelongcycleandhighcostofhand-carvingintaglioplates,thepriceofprintedproductsishigherwhentheprintvolumeissmall.Themainpurposeofcounterfeitersistopursueeconomicbenefits.Theyareunwillingtotakeanyriskswhentheyareunprofitableorprofitable.Therefore,itcanbesaidthattheanti-counterfeitingeffectofgravureprintingforsmallbatchesoftrademarksmaybebetterthanthatoflargebatchesofgravureprinting.
2. Levyjen valmistus ja painaminen suoritetaan kahdessa paikassa
Theplate-makingandprintingindifferentplaceshaveagoodanti-counterfeitingeffect.Printinghousesgenerallyhavetheabilitytomakeplates,buttrademark-usingcompaniesshouldchooseadifferentunitforplatemakingwork,becauseoneofthekeytoanti-counterfeitingistoknowthelesspeoplethebetter.Theentireprocessoftrademarkdesignandprinting,sothatevenifthereareloopholesinonelink,otherlinksaresufficienttomeettheneedsofanti-counterfeiting.Whenthetrademarkisprintedintheprintingplant,thecompanymustsendresponsiblepersonneltothesitetosupervisetheprintingtopreventthetheftoftheprintingplateandthetheftofthetrademark.Afterprinting,theprintingplateshouldbetakenbackandstored.
3.Yhdistä väärentämisenestotekniikkaan
Inkanti-counterfeitingtechnologyisalsoanaspectofsecretanti-counterfeiting,combininggravureprintingtechnologywithinkanti-counterfeitingtechnology,Realizethedoublesecretanti-counterfeiting,theanti-counterfeitingeffectwillbebetter.Someprintinganti-counterfeitinginkshavelargerpigmentparticlesandrequireathickerinklayer,whilethegravureprintinginklayeristhickerandtheprintedproducthasastrongertexture.Thecombinationofthetwowillachievedoubleanti-counterfeitinganddecorationeffects.Ifgravureprintingusesfluorescentink,itnotonlyguaranteesthemicroconvexityofgravureprinting,butalsoguaranteestheuserequirementsoffluorescentink,andthesecretanti-counterfeitingfunctionsofbotharealsoguaranteed.Theinkshouldbepreparedbyitself,andthenhandedovertotheprintingcompanyforuse.Afterprinting,theinkshouldberecoveredandstored,sothatabetteranti-counterfeitingeffectcanbeobtained.
Developmenttrend
1.Largeandmedium-sizedpackaginggravureprintingcompanieswilloccupythemainstream,especiallycigarettepackagegravureprintingcompaniesthatarepursuingeconomiesofscale,highqualityandhightechnology.
2.Duetoenvironmentalprotectionandhygienereasons,industriessuchasfood,medicine,tobacco,andwinearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontotheenvironmentalprotectionofpackagingmaterialsandprintingprocesses.Gravureprintingcompaniespaymoreattentiontotheenvironmentoftheprintingworkshop.Environmentally-friendlyinksandvarnisheswillbecomemoreandmorepopular,closedsqueegeesystemsandquick-changedeviceswillbepromotedandapplied,andgravureprintingmachinessuitableforwater-basedinkswillbewidelyadopted.
3.Theindependentdrivetechnologyofthegravureprintingmachineandtheelectronicshafttransmissionasthetechnologyplatformwillrealizethecomprehensiveupgradeofthegravureprintingmachine.Allkindsofgravureprintingmachineswilladoptelectronicshafttransmission.TheelectronicshaftdriveandregistersystemmainlycomefromJapanandEurope,buttheycanonlybeappliedtoasmallnumberofdomesticgravureprintingpresses.Thedevelopmentofadomesticoverprintsystemwillbethekeytoacomprehensiveupgradeofdomesticgravureprintingmachines.
4.Theratioofwide-formatgravurepressesandpapergravurepresseswillcontinuetoincrease.Ontheonehand,thedecorativeprinting(mainlywoodgrainpaperprinting)andcartongravureprintingmarketwillgrowrapidly.Ontheotherhand,therangeofflexiblepackaginggravureprintingmachineswillcontinuetoincrease,andthenumberoflargeformatgravureprintingmachineswillincreaserapidly.Paperandpaper-basedcompositegravureprintingmachines(woodgrainpapercigarettelabels,asepticpackaging,giftwrappingpaper,etc.)willgrowrapidly.
5.Theprocessingofthegravureproductionlinewillbemorediversified,andthefunctionconfigurationwillbecomestrongerandstronger,suchaspolishing,diecutting,crosscutting,softlabelcutting,etc.Correspondingly,gravureprintingmachinemanagementsystemsandremotetechnicalsupportsystemswillbemoreandmoreadopted.Atthesametime,inordertomeettheneedsofindividualization,allpartsfromunwinding,printing,in-lineprocessing,andwindingwillbemodularized,themostimportantofwhichwillbethegravurecartortheinterchangeofgravureandflexographicprinting.Smallcart.