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Thedeterminationofindividuallabortimeandthequantityofcommodityvalue

Thedeterminationofthequantityofcommodityvalueisfirstofallthroughthecompetitionamongcommodityproducerswithintheproductiondepartmenttoconvertindividuallabortimeintosociallynecessarylabortime,Theprocessoftransformingindividualvalueintosocialvalue,thatis,marketvalue.

Assumingthatthesupplyanddemandofgoodsinthemarketarebalancedandthereisnocompetition,theproductionconditionsofacertainproductiondepartmentaredividedintothreetypes:good,mediumandinferior.Then,thedeterminationofthevalueofgoodshasthefollowingthreesituations:

First,intheproductionofthissector,ifmediumproductionconditionsdominate,andproductsproducedundermediumproductionconditionsaccountforthevastmajorityofproductsinthissector,thenthenecessarylabortimefortheproductionofthiscommoditywillbeItisdeterminedbytheindividuallaborhoursofcommoditiesproducedundermediumproductionconditions,andthesocialvalueofcommoditiesisdeterminedbytheindividualvalues​​ofcommoditiesproducedundermediumproductionconditions.

Secondly,intheproductionofthissector,ifinferiorproductionconditionsdominate,andproductsproducedunderinferiorproductionconditionsaccountforthevastmajorityofproductsinthissector,thenthesocietythatproducesthiscommodityThenecessarylabortimeisdeterminedbytheindividuallabortimeofcommoditiesproducedunderinferiorproductionconditions,andthesocialvalueofcommoditiesisdeterminedbytheindividualvalueofcommoditiesproducedbyinferiorproductionconditions.

Thirdly,intheproductionofthissector,ifsuperiorproductionconditionsdominate,andproductsproducedundersuperiorproductionconditionsaccountforthevastmajorityofproductsinthissector,thenthesocietythatproducesthiscommodityNecessarylabortimeisdeterminedbytheindividuallabortimeofcommoditiesproducedundersuperiorproductionconditions,andthesocialvalueofcommoditiesisdeterminedbytheindividualvalueofcommoditiesproducedundersuperiorproductionconditions.

Ifthemarketsupply-demandrelationshipandmarketcompetitionareintroduced,andthemarketsupply-demandrelationshipisassumedtobebalanced,intheproductionofthissector,mediumproductionconditionsdominate.Productionconditionsaredeterminedbytheindividuallaborhoursoftheproductionofcommodities,andthesocialvalueofthiscommodityisdeterminedbytheindividualvalues​​ofcommoditiesproducedundermediumproductionconditions.Inthisway,thedeterminationoftheamountofcommodityvaluehasthefollowingsituations:

1.Ifthesupplyofcommoditiesinthemarketexceedsdemandandthepricerises,notonlywilltheprofitvolumeofenterpriseswithexcellentandmediumproductionconditionsincreaseintheproductionofthiskindofcommodity,butalsohaveinferiorproducts.Enterpriseswithproductionconditionsarealsoprofitabletoproducethiskindofgoods,soalargenumberofenterpriseswithinferiorproductionconditionshavepouredin,resultingininferiorproductionconditionsdominatingtheproductionofthissector,andthenumberoftheirproductsaccountedforthevastmajorityofproductsinthissector.Inthisway,thesociallynecessarylabortimetoproducethiskindofcommodityisdeterminedbytheindividuallabortimeofthecommodityproducedunderinferiorproductionconditions,andthesocialvalueofthiskindofcommodityisdeterminedbytheindividualvalueofthecommodityproducedunderinferiorproductionconditions.

2.Ifthesupplyofgoodsonthemarketexceedsdemandandpricesfall,enterpriseswithinferiorproductionconditionsorevensomeenterpriseswithintermediateproductionconditionswillwithdrawfromtheranksofproduction,resultinginsuperiorproductionconditionsdominatingtheproductionofthisdepartment.Commoditiesproducedundertheseconditionsaccountforthevastmajorityoftheproductsinthissector.Inthisway,thesociallynecessarylabortimefortheproductionofthiscommodityisdeterminedbytheindividuallabortimeofthecommoditiesproducedunderthesuperiorproductionconditions,andtheindividualvalueofthecommoditiesproducedunderthesuperiorproductionconditionsItdeterminesthesocialvalueofthecommodity.

3.Inthisway,theconstantchangesinmarketsupplyanddemand,thefluctuationofpricesandtheconstantchangesinproductionconditionscausedbymarketcompetition,finally,theindividuallabortimeofcommodityproducerstoproducegoodsistransformedintosociallynecessarylabortime.Theindividualvalueofcommoditiesistransformedintosocialvalue.

Theabovesituationshowsthattheprocessoftransformingindividuallabortimeintosociallynecessarylabortimeandindividualvalueintosocialvalueistheindividualproductionconditionsoftheproductionofgoods,individuallabortime,andtheweightedaverageprocessoftheindividualvalueofthegoods.

Fromthis,wecandrawthefollowingconclusions:theproductionconditionthatdeterminesthevalueofacommodityistheaveragesocialproductioncondition,andthesociallynecessarylabortimethatdeterminesthevalueofthecommodityisthesocialaveragelabortimeforproducingthecommodity;thesocialvalueofthecommoditycanbeItcanberegardedastheaveragevalueofthegoodsproducedbyadepartment(theaveragehereisaweightedaverage);itcanalsoberegardedastheindividualproductofthecommoditythatconstitutesalargenumberofproductsproducedinthedepartmentundertheaverage(weightedaverage)productionconditionsofthedepartment.value.

Therelationshipbetweenindividuallabortimeandsociallynecessarylabortime

Ingeneral,sociallynecessarylabortimereferstotheaveragelabortimeoftheentiresocietyfortheproductionofthesamecommodity(itdeterminesthevalueofthecommodity)Individuallabortimeisthelabortimeactuallyconsumedbyeachcommodityproducertoproducethiscommodity.(Itdetermineshowmuchprofitthebusinessmakes)

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