OccupationClassification
Verkon ylläpitäjät ovat järjestelmänvalvojia kaupallisissa Internet-palveluntarjoajissa, jotka ovat avoimia yleisölle."Verkonhallinta" on erittäin selkeä käsite, joka voidaan yksinkertaisesti jakaa:
Networkadministrator:responsiblefornetworkarchitecturedesign,installation,andconfiguration.Themainpersonnelareemployeesofmostsystemintegrationcompanies.
Systemadministrator:Responsiblefortheinstallation,configuration,andoperationofthenetworkserver.ThemainpersonnelarethesystemadministratorsoftheITheadquartersoflargecompanies.
Clientadministrator(desktopsupport):Responsibleforsolvingend-userproblems,suchasreinstallingtheclient,solvingproblemssuchasinabilitytoaccesstheInternet,andvirusesinthemachine.ThemainpersonnelareITadministratorsofsmallcompaniesandnetworkadministratorsofInternetcafes..
Työvastuut
Infrastruktuurin hallinta
(1)Varmistaa sujuvan verkkoviestinnän ja tiedonsiirron;
(2)MastertheconfigurationofbackboneequipmentCircumstancesandconfigurationparameterchanges,backuptheconfigurationfilesofeachdevice;
(3)Equipthebackboneequipmentrunningthecriticalbusinessnetworkwithcorrespondingbackupdevicesandconfigurethemashotbackupdevices;
(4)Responsibleforthemanagementofthenetworkwiringdistributionframetoensurethatthewiringisreasonableandorderly;
(5)Graspthestatusoftheclientequipmentaccessingthenetwork,sothatyoucanquicklylocatetheproblemwhenyoufindit;
(6)Taketechnicalmeasurestomanagethesituationwhereusersoftenneedtochangelocationanddepartmentinthenetwork;
(7)Mastertheconnectionconfigurationwiththeexternalnetwork,andsuperviseNetworkcommunicationstatus,contactrelevantagenciesintimeafterdiscoveringproblems;
(8)Real-timemonitoringoftheoperationoftheentirelocalareanetworkandnetworkcommunicationtrafficconditions;
(9)DevelopandpublishnetworkfoundationsFacilitiesusemanagementmethodsandsupervisetheirimplementation.
Operatingsystemmanagement
(1)Afterthenetworkoperatingsystemisconfiguredandputintonormaloperation,inordertoensurethenormaloperationofthenetworkoperatingsystem,thenetworkadministratorshouldfirstbeabletousethesystemproficientlyProvidevariousmanagementtoolsoftware,real-timesupervisetheoperationofthesystem,findanddealwithfaultsignsintime.
(2)Duringthenetworkoperation,thenetworkadministratorshouldkeepabreastofthenetworksystemconfigurationandconfigurationparameterchanges,andbackuptheconfigurationparameters.Networkadministratorsshouldalsodynamicallyadjustsystemconfigurationparameterstooptimizesystemperformanceinaccordancewithchangesinthesystemenvironment,businessdevelopmentneeds,anduserneeds.
(3)Verkon järjestelmänvalvojien tulisi ottaa käyttöön hotbackup
systemforthekeynetworkoperatingsystemservertopreparefordisasterprevention.
Applicationsystemmanagement
(1)Ensuretheuninterruptedoperationofvariousnetworkapplicationservicesandthegoodperformanceofthework.Intheeventofafailure,thelossandimpactcausedbythefailureshouldbecontrolledWithintheminimumrange.
(2)Forcriticalnetworkapplicationsystemsthatrequireuninterruptibility,inadditiontomasteringandbackingupsystemparametersinsoftwaremeans,andregularlybackingupsystembusinessdata,itisnecessarytoestablishandConfigurethehotbackupofthesystem.
(3)Fornetworkapplicationserviceswithhighuseraccessfrequencyandsystemload,networkadministratorsshouldalsotakesharedtechnicalmeasureswhennecessary.
UserServiceManagement
(1)Käyttäjätilin avaaminen ja peruuttaminen;
(2)Käyttäjäryhmien määrittäminen ja hallinta;
(3)Authoritymanagementandquotamanagementoftheservicesandresourcesavailabletousers;
(4)Käyttäjälaskutuksen hallinta;
(5)Includingtechnicalsupportservicesforusers’desktopnetworkedcomputersAnduser-sidesupportservicesforusertechnicaltrainingservices.
Turvallisuus ja luottamuksellisuuden hallinta
(1)Turvallisuus ja luottamuksellisuus ovat kaksi osa-aluetta samassa ongelmassa. Turvallisuus tarkoittaa pääasiassa ulkoisten hyökkäysten ja verkkoon kohdistuvien tunkeutumisten estämistä.
Confidentialitymainlyreferstopreventingtheleakageofinformationinsidethenetwork.
(2)Forordinary-levelnetworks,themaintaskofthenetworkadministratoristoconfigureandmanagethesystemfirewall.Inordertobeabletodetectandpreventnetworkhackerattacksintime,anintrusiondetectionsystemcanbeaddedtoprovidesecurityprotectionforkeyservices.
(3)Fornetworksthatrequirehighlevelsofsecurityandconfidentiality,networkadministratorsshouldnotonlytaketheabove-mentionedmeasures,butalsobeequippedwithanetworksecurityvulnerabilityscanningsystem,andtakedisasterrecoverytechniquesforkeynetworkservers.
(4)Amorestringentsecret-relatedcomputernetworkalsorequiresabsoluteisolationfromexternalpubliccomputernetworks.Securitymeasuresmustbetakenfortheroomswheresecret-relatednetworkcomputersandnetworkbackboneequipmentareplaced,andmanagementandTocontroltheentryandexitofpersonnel,theworkingconditionsofsecret-relatednetworkusersmustbefullymanagedandmonitored.
Tietovarannan hallinta
(1)Ryhdy kaikkiin mahdollisiin teknisiin keinoihin ja hallintatoimenpiteisiin verkon tietoturvan suojaamiseksi.
(2)Forsystemsanddatathatdonotrequirehighlevelsofreal-timework,atleastnetworkadministratorsshouldalsoperformregularmanualbackups.
(3)Forkeybusinessservicesystemsanddataandinformationwithhighreal-timerequirements,networkadministratorsshouldestablishastoragebackupsystemforcentralizedbackupmanagement.
(4)Lopuksi on erittäin tärkeää säilyttää varmuuskopiotiedot turvallisessa paikassa milloin tahansa.
Tietokonehuoneen hallinta
(1)Hallitse tietoliikennekaapelin johdotus tietokonehuoneessa, varmista kohtuullinen johdotus laitteita lisättäessä tai irrotettaessa sekä kätevä hallinta ja huolto;
(2)Inchargeofthepowersupplylinearrangementofequipmentinthecomputerroom,payattentiontothereasonableconfigurationoftheloadwhenaddingorreducingequipment;
(3)Managethetemperature,humidityandventilationconditionsofthenetworkcomputerroomtoprovideasuitableworkingenvironment;
(4)Varmista eri laitteiden normaali toiminta verkkotietokonehuoneessa;
(5)Varmista, että verkkotietokonehuone täyttää paloturvallisuusvaatimukset, paloasevalvonta
Thesystemisworkingproperlyandthefirefightingmeasuresareeffective;
(6)Takemeasurestoensurethesafeoperationofnetworkequipmentunderunattendedconditionswhentheexternalpowersupplyisunexpectedlyinterruptedandrestored;
(7)KeepthecomputerroomcleanandcleanInordertorecordtheoperationlogofthenetworkcomputerroomontime,formulatethenetworkcomputerroommanagementsystemandsupervisetheimplementation.
Muut
(1)Tee yhteistyötä muiden osastojen kanssa osastokohtaisten paikallisten verkkojen rakentamisessa ja ehdottaa suunnitelmia ja standardeja.
(2)Tee yhteistyötä turvallisuusosaston kanssa kerätäksesi todisteita verkon huonosta käytöksestä.
(3)Tee verkkokeskusten palvelupalautetyö ja ilmoita verkon toimintatiedot ajoissa.
Ammattimainen sijoittelu
Ensinnäkin tietokoneverkon ylläpitäjät ovat ammattia, joka "olemassa ja sitten määrittelee".
Computernetworkadministrator(abbreviatedasnetworkadministrator)isaboomingandemergingprofession.Injustafewyears,ithasbecomeamust-havejobpositioninmostcompanies,andithasalsobecomeayearningformanyyoungpeople.Occupation.Networkadministratorsarealsoa“pre-existingandthendefining”profession.Thelaggingprofessionalstandardsofnetworkadministratorsandthelackoftraditionaleducationhavemadesociety
generallyhavemanydoubtsaboutthisprofession,whetheritisajobsearchThefollowingquestionsexistforemployersandemployers:Whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatspecificworkdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtodo?Whatarethenecessaryskillsasanetworkadministrator?Howtotrainqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrators?For"networkadministrators"practitioners,howdotheyacquirerelevantknowledgeandskills?
Secondly,networkadministratorsmustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning.
Lifelonglearningistheterminatoroftheconcept,system,structure,andorganizationoftraditionaleducation.Itsvalueconceptisderivedfromthecurrentsituationoftheexplosionofknowledgeandtherapidincreaseofinformationincontemporarysociety,andithasbecomeanewwayoflifeinmoderntimes.Intraditionalknowledgeeducation,thereisnoprofessionalsettingfornetworkadministrators.Inaddition,teachingthatemphasizestheorycannotmeettherequirementsofworkthatemphasizeshands-onability.Practitionerscanonlymeettheneedsoftheirpositionsbyconstantlylearningandexploringatwork;ontheotherhand,ITtechnologyisundoubtedlyoneofthemostrapidlydevelopingtechnologiesinthisera,anditspopularityandapplicationspeedisalsounparalleled.Thisrequiresthat"networkadministrators"mustestablishtheconceptoflifelonglearning,learnandmasterthelatestandmostpracticaltechnologiesthroughvariouschannelssuchasparticipatingintraining,self-study,andcommunication,andbuildandimprovetheirowntechnicalsystem.
Finally,whatisaqualifiedcomputernetworkadministrator?Whatskillsdoesacomputernetworkadministratorneedtomaster?
Accordingtothebusinessnatureandscaleofenterprises,thejobrequirementsofnetworkadministratorsarealsoquitedifferent.Companieswithlarge-scaleITinformationsystemshaveafinerdivisionoflabor.Networkadministratorsmayonlyneedtoberesponsibleforthenetworkoperationandmaintenanceofthecomputerroom;whilesomesmallcompanieshaveonlyonenetworkadministrator,andhe(she)maynotonlyberesponsiblefortheoperationandmaintenanceoftheITsystem.Inadditiontotheequipmentmanagementofthecompany,itisalsoresponsiblefornetworkmanagementandsystemmanagement,andsomecompaniesneednetworkadministratorstodosomesimplewebsiteconstructionandwebpageproduction.
Inshort,therequirementsfornetworkadministratorsarebasicallylargeandcomprehensive.Theydon'tneedtobeproficient,buttheyhavetounderstandeverything.Therefore,tosumup,aqualifiednetworkadministratorisbesttohavesolidtheoreticalknowledgeandapplicationskillsinthesixaspectsofnetworkoperatingsystem,networkdatabase,networkequipment,networkmanagement,networksecurity,andapplicationdevelopment.Tobehandy,withease.
Prerequisiteskills
TheSunSolaris10operatingsystemcertificationnetworkadministratorexamisforcandidateswhohavemorethanthreeyearsofmanagingSunsystemsinanetworkedenvironmentornetwork,andmusthavepassedTheSunCertifiedSystemAdministratorexamisrequiredtotakethisexam.Thiscertificationexamexamineswhethercandidateshavein-depthmasteryofnetworkmanagementskills,suchastheknowledgecoveredintheSA-300-S10courseware.Theexamincludesmultiplechoicequestions,situationalquestions,drag-and-dropquestions,andrequirescandidatestohaveawiderangeofknowledgeinSolarisnetworkmanagement,includinghowtoconfigureandmanagethenetworkinterfacelayer,network(internetlayerandtransportlayer),networkapplicationsandSolarisIPfilter.
Linuxiscurrentlyoneofthemostcompetitiveoperatingsystems.TheChinesegovernmenthastakenthedevelopmentofLinuxasastrategytopromotethedevelopmentofChina’sindependentoperatingsystem.Turbolinux(China)EducationandTrainingCenteristhefirstdomesticinstitutiontoofficiallycarryoutLinuxtraining.Ithasagroupofhigh-qualityLinuxexperts.TheyarenotonlythebestinLinuxtechnology,butalsogoodattranslatingesoterictruthsandcomplexconceptstotheeasiestExplaintostudentsinanunderstandingway.
Käyttäjänhallinta, riippumatta siitä onko se UNIX vai NT, on ensimmäinen käyttäjänhallinnassa. Anovicena sinun on ensin ymmärrettävä käyttäjien lisäämisen, poistamisen ja rajoittamisen toiminnot. Tämä sisältää kaksi näkökohtaa:
Oneistolearntouseafriendlygraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolset,intheSUNSolarissystemisthe/usr/bin/admintoolstoolsetintheOpenwinenvironment;usedinSCOUNIXSysadmshmanagementShellisusedtomanageusers;inNovellsystem,usersandusergroupscanbeadded,deleted,andrestrictedsettingscanbecompletedbyusingtheSysconmenu.Forthesamebatchmanagementofmultipleusers,usethemakeusranduserdefutilitiestoDo;inNT,usethedomainusermanagementtoolorusermanagementtoolunderthemanagementtool(common)groupintheprogramgroup.Usingthesetools,youcancreate,delete,lock,andrestrictpermissionsforusersverysimplyandclearly.TheusergroupmanagementunderNTandthesystempropertiesprograminthecontrolpanelmanagetheuserenvironmentsettingprofile,usetheSystemPolicyEditortoconfigureadomain-widecomputeroruser-basedconfigurationandwriteloginscripts.
Thesecondistolearnusermanagementunderthecharactercommandline,mainlyintheUNIXorLinuxenvironment,includingeditingtoolsVi,emacs,etc.tooperate/etc/passwdordirectlyuseaddusr,deleusrandotherusermanagementCommandandusethepwconvcommandtomakethe/etc/passwdconsistentwiththeshadowfile,useSCO's/etc/rmusercommandtodeleteusers,usethenewgrpcommandtoadduserstoanewgroup,andincludethecommandmkdirforcreatinguserdirectories,whichisassignedtouserattributesThegroupattributecommandschownandchgrp,andtheuserarealimitcommandquotalimitthesizeoftheuserareatopreventtheuserareafromoccupyingtoomuchharddiskspaceandcausingthesystemtocrash.Amongthem,aspecialreminder,ifyouwanttostrictlyrestrictuserpermissions,theuser'sregisteredshellcanuse/usr/lib/rsh.Theuser's.profileand.loginfilescanusethesystemstandardconfigurationfile,oryoucansetthecorrespondingsettingsinthe.profile,andusetheSUcommandorSUUsernametoentertheuserenvironmentforspecificdetection.Inaddition,fortheuser'smessagepublishingsystem,thealertfunctionisusedinNTtosendout,andthecomputer|sendmessagefunctionintheServerManagerisusedfortheremotehost.UsethesendcommandinNovell.InUNIX,thewallorwritecommandisused.Youcanalsousethedailymessagefile/etc/motdorthenewscommandtoissuethecontentsofthe/usr/newfile.
Turvallisuus ja lokienhallinta
Asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletofindthecauseofthefailureofthesystemaccident,whichinvolvesobservingandanalyzingthevariouslogsofthesystem.InNT,usetheEventViewerintheAdministrativeToolsmenutoviewtheSYSTEM,SECURITY,andAPPLICATIONlogfilesofthesystem.ForNetware,theerrorlogistheSYS$LOG.ERRfile,whichcanbeobservedandrecordedthroughviewfileservererrorlogundersupervisoroptionsinthesysconmenu.Inaddition,thevolumeerrorlogfileistheVOL$LOG.LOGandtransactiontrackingprocessingineachvolume.SystemerrorlogfileSYS:TTS$LOG.ERRfileinthevolume;variouslogsinUNIXincludethesystemerrorregistrationfilemessageinthe/usr/admdirectory,thelogfilesulogusingthesucommand,andthelasttimeeachuserrecordsTheregistrationfilelastlogoftheregistrationtime,therelevantinformationfilewtmpoftheregisteredusersinthesystem,thecontentitemfileacctofthecommandsexecutedbyeachuser,andtherelevantinformationfileutmpofthecurrentregistereduserinthe/etcdirectoryandlogfilesgeneratedbyotherapplications.Forsomeoftheselogfiles,youcanusethewhoorwcommandtoviewthelogged-inusersofthecurrentsystem(intheXENIXsystem,youcanalsousethewhodocommandtodeterminethebehaviorofthecurrentuser);thelastcommandtoviewthepreviousloginstatus,thesecommandscanbeusedincombinationGrepperformsconditionalcontrolselectionfiltering;usefindtoviewfilesandtheirowners,especiallytomonitorprocessesandfileswithrootaccessrights,andtocheckbootfiles/etc/inetd.conf,/etc/rc.local,/etc/passwdandcornOrthefilesrunbyat,andusethecorntab-landcorntab-rcommandstolistanddeletetheuser'scorntabfiles;usels-lRtogeneratethemainchecklist,andperiodicallygeneratenewtables,usethediffcommandtocompare,anduseThenewtablepassedtheinspectionbecomesthenewmaininspectiontableuntilthenextinspection.Personally,Istronglyrecommendcommentingoutallthecommandfilesstartingwithrininetd.conf,andremovingalltheitemsin/etc/hosts.equiv,anddoesnotallowuserstosetuppersonal.rhostsfiles,sothatthetrustedhostisnotsetuporisEmptytostrengthenthesecurityofthesystem.
Järjestelmäprosessinhallinta
InUNIX,systemreportcommandsincludedftoreportthenumberoffreediskblocks;dutosummarizediskusage;nicetochangethecommandSetpriority;Pstatisusedtoreportsysteminformation,suchasnodetableorprocesstable;sarisusedtoreportsystemactivitystatus,suchasCPUusageandbufferactivitystatus;timeisusedtoprintthepasttime,systemtimeandcommandExecutiontime;uptimeisusedtoreporttheactivitystatusofthesystem,suchassystemstartuptimeandrunningtime;vmsfatisusedtoreportthenumberofpagesandsystemstatistics,suchasthebranchpoint.Theps-auxinBSDUNIXortheps-efinsystemVandthepsauxinLINUXareusedtoviewtheprocessstatusanditshost,andusethekillcommandtostopabnormalprocessesintime.InNT,TaskManagerisusedtoviewtheusageofcpuandmemory,processmanagement,andperformancemonitorisalsousedforstatusmonitoringtomaketimelyadjustments.Itisworthnotingthatwiththeexpansionofnetworkapplications,viruseshavebecomeamajorthreattonetworksecurity.Forthisreason,installingvirusdetectionandremovaltoolsonthenetworkhasbecomeamustfornetworkmanagement.
Varmuuskopion hallinta
Asamoreimportantsystem,timelybackupisnecessary,soyoumustdevelopthehabitoftimelyandregularbackupfromthebeginning.Masterthebasicmethodsandstepsofbackup,andusebasicbackupandrestorecommands,suchas:NTBackupprograminthemanagementtoolsetinNT.BecausethereisnoschedulingcapabilityinBackup,thebackupmustbecompletedmanuallyorscheduledwiththeATcommandline;andthird-partybackupsolutionsareused.SystemVinUNIXusestar,cpio,backup,restor,rolcopy,BSDusestar,dump,restor,etc.,andSCOusessysadminforfilesystembackupandfilerecovery.Thebackupmustalsomakeaplantospecifywhenandwhatkindofbackup,includingfullbackupandincrementalbackup.Forexample,youcandoafullbackuponceaweekandanincrementalbackupeveryday,orifthesystemdoesnotchangefrequently,youcanperformafullbackuponceamonth.,Incrementalbackuponceaweek.Recoveryandfault-tolerantmanagementWhenthesystemfails,asasystemadministrator,youmustbeabletolocateandsolvetheproblem.Thisreliesontheanalysisoftheconsoleerrormessagesandlogfiles,andmoreimportantly,thedailybackupandemergencysystemdiskpreparation.ForNT,itistocreatesystembootdisks,emergencyrepairdisks,etc.,anduseDiskAdminstratortocreateRAIDoperationssuchasmirroring.ForUNIX,italsoreliesontheestablishmentofthesysteminstallationdiskandemergencyrepairdisk.Inparticular,aftermakinganychangestothesystem,youmustregenerateanewsystemrecoverydisk,performasynchronousbackupandusesingle-usermodetoeliminatemostoftheproblemsofthesystem,thatis,usetheboot-singlecommandwhenstarting,whichisakey.Ofcourse,theadministrator'spasswordmustnotbeforgotten,otherwise,itwillcausealotoftrouble,butfortheadministrator,heandotherusershaveimposedrestrictionsontheuseofpasswords,suchaspasswordlengthanddaterestrictionsandotherrestrictions,Isverynecessary.Toosimplepasswordsoftencauseinsecurity.Intermsoffaulttolerance,italsoincludesfrequentlyrunningvariousmaintenancesystemcommands,suchasthesuperblockmaintenancecommandSYNC,andthefilesystemcheckcommandfsck.
Muisti
Filesystemandswitchmachinemanagementareinallmulti-usersystems.Duetothewidespreaduseoffilebuffering,filemodificationsarecarriedoutinmemory.Afterwritingtothedisk,thekernelprogramperiodicallyrefreshesthesebufferstokeepthefilesandbufferssynchronized.Therefore,shuttingdownthesystemwithoutterminatingitwilloftencausesynchronizationdamageandfilesystemerrors.InNT,usetheshutdownsystemoptioninthebootmenutoshutdownthesystem;UNIXusesshutdown,halt(haltsys),rebootandothercommands.Itisgenerallyrecommendedtouseshutdownplusparameterstoshutdownorenterthesingle-userbackupstate.Thepowercannotbeturnedoffuntiltheshutdownprocedureiscompleted.Inanycase,thismustbekeptinmind.
Inaddition,whenmaintainingthefilesystem,youshouldalwaysrunthesuperblockconsistencycommandsync,filesystemcheckanderrormodificationcommandfsck,andusethemkfscommandwhencreatinganewfilesystem.SystemV'sfsstatwillreportthefilesystemStatus,anddevicemanagementcommandsmount,umount.NOVELLusestheFILERmenutomanagethefilesystemofthefileserver.
Verkonhallinta
Verkonhallinta,mukaan lukien sähköpostin virheenkorjaus,DNSandWWW.ForE-mail,usesendmail-bt-Cfilename,ormailuserfirst,thentelnethost110,andusepop3commandssuchasuseusername;passpasswd;list;hensspasswd;list;retrhenslomanname Jos IP-osoite voidaan ratkaista oikein. /.Tarkista, toimiiko palveluohjelma normaalisti palvelimenhallinnan kautta hallintatyökalun alla. Muut tunnistusvaiheet ovat samat kuinUNIX-järjestelmä, paitsi että lähetyskomentoja ei oteta pois.Telnethost25,usehelohost,lähetä osoitteesta:<omanimi@st;stgpt;nimesi@st;st; ,data,messagebody,".",exitandtothersmtpcommandsfordetection.POP3-komennot ovat todella samat.
ThemanagementofWWWiscarriedoutdirectlythroughtheonlinemanagementmethodintheformofhttp.Theoperationissimpleandclear,andthereshouldbenoproblems.Inaddition,inthedailymanagementofthenetwork,itincludesusingpingtoviewthenetworkconnectionstatus,netstattoviewtheprotocolstatisticsandthecurrentnetworkconnectionstatus,ifconfigtosetthenetworkinterface,andtracerttomonitortheroutingstatus.ForNTsystems,inadditiontotheabovecommands,italsoincludestheuseof/winnt/system32/Regedit32tocontroltheregistry,IPconfigtoviewIPsettings,andtheuseoftheNetworkmonitorsupportingtheNTservertoperformnetworkloadandperformancestatistics.TheNovellsystemusestheNETADMINutilityorthegraphicalinterfacemanagementtoolNetwareAdminstratortomanageandplanthenetwork,andusethemonitormenutomonitorthestatusofthelocalserver.Comparedwiththethird-partytoolsetofUNIX,thenetworkmanagementsoftwarethatcanberunasamanagermainlyincludesHP'sOpenView,BAY'soptivity,IBM'sNetviewandSUN'sSunNetManager.
Käytettävyys
1: Verkon suunnittelun ymmärtäminen
Haveawealthofnetworkdesignknowledge,familiarwithnetworkwiringspecificationsandconstructionspecifications,understandswitches,routers,serversandothernetworksEquipment,masterthebasictechnologyoflocalareanetworkandrelatedtechnologies,plananddesignlocalareanetworksandwideareanetworksincludingrouting,andprovidecompletesolutionsforsmallandmedium-sizednetworks.
2: Pääverkon rakentaminen
Masterthebasicnetworkknowledge,deeplyunderstandtheTCP/IPnetworkprotocol,andindependentlycompletetheinstallation,connection,configurationandoperationofnetworkequipmentsuchasroutersandswitches,Buildamulti-layeredexchangecorporatenetworktorealizenetworkinterconnectionandInternetconnection.Mastertheuseofnetworksoftwaretools,quicklydiagnose,locateandeliminatenetworkfaults,andcorrectlyuse,maintainandmaintainhardwaredevices.
3: Tunne verkkosuojaus
Designandimplementacompletenetworksecuritysolutiontoreducetheriskoflossandattack.IntheInternetandlocalareanetworks,routers,switches,andapplications,andevensecuritydevicesthatarenotstrictlymanaged,mayallbecometargetsofattacks.Networkadministratorsmustgoalloutandstrengthentheirguardtopreventthreatstoinformationsecurity,informationintegrity,anddailybusinessoperationsfromhackers,outsiders,andevendissatisfiedemployees.
4: Tunne verkkokäyttöjärjestelmät
FamiliarwithWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems,withtheuseofadvancedWindowsandLinuxplatforms,toprovideenterpriseswithsuccessfuldesign,implementationandmanagementofbusinesssolutionsability.
5:Ymmärrä Web-tietokanta
UnderstandthebasicprinciplesofWebdatabase,beabletocarryoutimplementationandmanagementworkaroundWebdatabasesystem,andrealizethecomprehensiveapplicationofenterprisedata.
6: Laatu ja laatu
Haveastrongthirstforknowledgeandtheabilitytolearnbyoneself,Englishreadingabilityofrelevantcomputerprofessionalvocabulary,practicalability,strongadaptability,keenobservationAbilityandexcellentanalyticaljudgment.
Professional Certification
SunSolaris10Operating System Certified Network AdministratorKoe kohdistui verkkoympäristöön tai verkkoehdokkaisiin, jotka ovat johtaneetSun-järjestelmää yli kolme vuotta.
MCSA-sertifiointi on tarkoitettu niille, jotka ottavat käyttöön, hallitsevat ja hallinnoivat olemassa olevia verkkoja ja järjestelmiä Microsoft Windows 2003:n, Windowsin ja NETServer-alustan ympäristöissä. järjestelmän hallinta ja ylläpito.
Inaddition,networkadministratorcertificationincludesChinaNationalSoftwareLevelExaminationcertification(thiscertificateisrecognizedbyJapanandSouthKoreainadditiontodomesticcertification),Ciscocertification,andsoon.
Networkmanagementtaboo
Toocautious
Thewholemeaningof"Mr.Security"istopreventanythingsthatarenotconducivetohisnetworkfromhappening.Thelineisoperatedbythecontractor.Thecabinet,patchpanel,routerandUPSareallinstalledbythemanufacturer.Allhehastodoistoputadustymouseballinhisdrawer.ThisisjusttosatisfyNeedtouseitasareplacement.Hiswaytoavoidconflictistolockthesystemtightlysothatnooneoranythingcanchangethesystem.Sometimesthismeansthattheonlythinguserscandoisloginandmodifytheirownpassword,andthepasswordmaybecomeinvalideverytimeitisused.Runningprogramsandeditingfilesistoodangerousforusers,souserscanonlyfacealogininterfaceandanormaldesktopsystem.Thistypeofadministratorhasneverencounteredavirusattackformanyyears,andwillneverencounteritinthefuture.HenotonlydisabledtheUSBslotintheBIOSofeachworkstation,buttheBIOSwasalsopassword-protected,andeventhejackwassealedwithgluetopreventtinydatafromleakingoutthroughtheUSBstoragedevice.Themailserverisnotallowedtoinstallanyotherattachments;
Ifthenetworklinechanges,theworkstationwillnotbeabletostart;thehardwareequipmentofthesystemhasbeenfixed,losingtheflexibilityoftheequipment.Ifsomeonetriestoopenthecasingofthemachine,asmallexplosivedevicewillmakethemachineunusable(andpossiblyharmtheoperatoratthesametime).
Updatethenetworkfrequently
Regardlessofwhetheryouwanthimtodosoornot,thistypeofnetworkadministratorwillmanageapplicationandsystemupgradesthroughremotecontrol.Automaticallyshutdownyourworkstationattheendofeveryday,andyoucan'tstophimfromdoingso,becausehesetseveryworkstationonthenetworkto"WakeonLAN"mode.Ifyoureallywanttostophim,youmustdisconnectthenetworkcablefromyourworkstation.Whenyouleaveworkat5pm,yourcomputerisstillfullyfunctional,butwhenyougotoworkthenextmorning,youwillfindthatyoursystemhascompletelychangedtoanotherappearance,andyoucan’tfindanyprogramsyouusedyesterday..
Työ on jäykkä
Tällainen järjestelmänvalvoja voi usein törmätä Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan hallintoasioiden osastolla. Jos pyydät häntä tekemään jotain poikkeuksellista, hän vastaa sinulle: "Tämä on velvollisuuksieni ulkopuolella."
TrytobringaUSBstoragedevicetotheofficewhileheisondutyandseewhathappens!Ifheputsthisstoragedeviceinhislunchbagwhenheisnotpayingattention,hewillevenhavetodealwithhisderelictionofduty.Ifonedayhefindsthatthee-mailsentbyacertainmachineisnotcompletelyrelatedtowork,hewillthinkthatthisisaworkaccidentthatshouldnothaveoccurred.
Donotconsidertheconsequences
Thistypeofadministratorwhodoesnotconsidertheconsequencesisalwaysexperimentingwithvariousnewpatchesorupgrades.
Mostwisenetworkadministratorswilldoatestonasmalltestnetworkbeforeapplyinganewsolutiontoanexistingsystem.However,thistypeofadministratordirectlyoperatesintheexistingsystem,whichoftenbringsunnecessaryannoyancetotheuseofusers,whichissomewhatsimilartotheresponseofuserstoadministratorswhofrequentlyupdatethenetwork.Thedifferenceisthatanadministratorwhofrequentlyupdatesthenetworkwilldefinitelytrytoensurethathisproductsorupgradesaretrulyeffectiveandwillnotcauseanyotherimpactonthenetworkandusers.
Treatthenetworkasprivate
Asthenamesuggests,thenetworkisregardedasprivatepropertybythistypeofadministrator.Anythingthatmayaffectthesmoothoperationofthenetworkwillmakehimexcited.Youmightthinkthisisagoodthing,butthe"privatepropertyowners"havedonealittletoomuch.Hewillkeepadetailedlogtoshowthattheperformanceofthenetworkhasreached100%.Butthiscanonlybeachievedwhenalmostnonetworkresourcesareallocatedtocommonapplications.
Pelien pelaaminen
Tämä on vaarallisin verkonvalvojan tyyppi ja luultavasti ystävällisin.
Theyusedtoappearinacademiainlargenumbers.UsuallythereisenoughredundantspaceontheInternet,somestudentswillusethemforthesisorresearchwork.However,themainfunctionoftheseredundantspacesistoprovideagameplatformforthemanagementpersonnelresponsibleforITequipmentintheschool.Mostnetworkresourcesareonlyprovidedtothosewhologinas"administrators".Thesepeoplewillregularlyfightonline.Inthegame,theyusevarioushighlyimaginativemeanstomakeeachotherdisappearfromthenetwork.Today,thesepeoplecanalsoplaygamesathomebecauseofthelow-costsmallroutersandswitchesattheirfingertips.Afteradayofworkinthecomputerroom,nothingcanmakethemfeelmorerelaxedthanplayingafewhoursofgamesintheonlineworld.
Verkon järjestelmänvalvojan hoito
Toentertheenterprise,generallymorethan4000;learncomprehensiveknowledgeandbecomeaseniornetworkadministratorwithasalaryofmorethan7000;doItcanbeashighas8,000ormorefordepartmentheadsormanagers.Ifyoucontinuetoimproveyourselfandbecomeaprofessionalnetworkengineer,thereisnoproblemwithasalaryof12,000ormore,suchasnetworkstorageengineers,networksecurityengineers,andintermediateandsenioroperationsengineers.Infact,itcanbeseenfromthisexamplethataslongasyoumastersolidskillsandexcellentprofessionalqualitythroughtraining,itisnotaproblemtogetahighsalary.