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Van Neva Bush



Henkilökohtainen profiili

Varhainen henkilökohtainen kokemus

VannevarBush(1890.3.11~1974.6.26),Bushin elämä ja Massachusetts(viittaen myös Massachusettsiin ja Massachusettsin instituutioiden ratkaisuun) ett, Massachusetts, USA maaliskuussa 1890. Osallistuttuaan elämänsä tieteeseen ja koulutukseen, BushdiedBelmontissa , Massachusettissa kesäkuussa 1974.

In1913,VanNevawgraduatedfromTuftsUniversitywithabachelor'sandmaster'sdegree.Inhismaster'sthesis,heproposedadevicecalledProfileTracer,whichissimilartoalawnmowerandconsistsoftwowheelsandapen,whichcandrawthepathtakeninrealtime.

In1917,VannevardobtainedajointPh.D.fromMITandHarvardUniversityandbegantoworkatTuftsUniversityandjoinedtheAmericanRadioandResearchCooperation(AMRAD,AmericanRadioandResearchCooperation)Institute.ThenwiththeoutbreakofWorldWarI,hejoinedtheNationalResearchCounciloftheUnitedStatesandinventedthewoodenpredecessorofthetestsubmarine.

In1919,VanNevaleftTuftsUniversitytojoinMIT.Atthattime,heservedasthevicepresidentofMITandthedeanoftheMITSchoolofElectronicInformation.Beginningin1930,Bush,whowasaprofessorofelectronicengineeringatMIT,andaresearchteambegantodesigna"differentialanalysismachine"thatcouldsolvedifferentialequations,creatingtheworld'sfirstanalogelectroniccomputer.ThispioneeringworkclearedthewayforthebirthofdigitalcomputersafterWorldWarII.Intheearly1940s,asPresidentRoosevelt’sscientificadviser,VanNevaBushorganizedandledthefamous"ManhattanProject"thatproducedthefirstatomicbomb.Sincethen,hehasparticipatedinmanymajorscientificandtechnologicalprojectsfromtheinventionofthehydrogenbomb,theflighttothemoon,andthe"StarWarsProject."ScientificresearchinstitutionssuchastheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)andAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(ARPA)approvedbytheUSgovernmentbasedonBush’ssuggestionsandideashaveensuredtheUnitedStates’long-termleadershipincutting-edgetechnology.

Piilaakson isä

Tietoteollisuuden alalla VanNevaBush on tehnyt erinomaisia ​​panoksia.Kaksi tunnettua korkean teknologian teollisuuspuistoa syntyiYhdysvaltojen-Kalifornian "Piilaaksossa"ja"High-Technish'8conve" ts.FrederickTerman,tunnettu"Piilaakson isänä",gothisPh.D.inlectronicsat MIT.Bush ei ollut ketään. Hewlett-Packardinin synty 1939 oliVanNevaBushin voittovoitto jaBushin voitto. Siitä lähtien VanNevaBushin nimi on muodostettujairrotettavan sidoksenSilicon Valleyn kanssa.

HanorsandAchievements

ManhattanProject

VannevarBush:Manhattan-projektin kuuluisa järjestäjä ja johtaja.VannevarBush julkaisi vuonna 1945 artikkelin, jonka otsikkona on "As WeMayThink"intheJulyiss,TheHeinäkuussaMonkirje adyastopäivän hyperteksti-jahyperyhteyskäsitteet.Siksi häntä kutsutaan Internet-Profeetta.

MEMEX:VannevarBushin "AsWeMayThink" -kirjassa, lainattu alla.

Futurecomputerswilluseelectricity.Theywillbeahundredtimesfasterthantoday'smachinesorevenmore.Therepetitivethinkingprocessisnotlimitedtocalculationsandstatistics.Infact,commercialaffairsandtheever-expandingmarketarewaitingfortheadventofmass-producedcomputers,someofwhichwillbeabletomeetthemostdemandingrequirementsofcurrentcivilization.

Considerthedeviceforpersonaluseinthefuture.Itwillbeamechanizedpersonallibrary.Itneedsanametoattractpeople’sattention:"MEMEX"isfine.MEMEXissuchamechanizeddevicethatpeoplecanuseinItstoresbooks,recordsandletters,andcanberetrievedatahighspeedandgreatflexibility.Asanauxiliarydevice,itistheinfiniteexpansionofthehumanbrain.

MEMEXhasaslantedtranslucentscreenonwhichdatacanbeprojectedforreading,aswellasakeyboard,aseriesofbuttonsandhandles.

Oneendofitisthestoragematerial,andthevolumeproblemissolvedverywellduetotheimprovedmicrofilm.

MostofthecontentsofMEMEXaredirectlypurchasedandcanbeinserteddirectly.

Allkindsofbooks,pictures,periodicals,newspaperscanbeobtainedinthiswayandinsertedforreading,andbusinesslettersarealsoavailable,andthereisalsoadirectinputdevice.

Osoitin

"Osoitin"

Ofcourse,therearealsorecordsforconsultation,whichcomefromdailyindexingwork.Iftheuserwantstofindinformationfromabook,heonlyneedstotapthecodeofthebookonthekeyboard,andthecoverofthebookwillbeprojectedontothebrowserinfrontofhimimmediately.Inaddition,hehasanadditional"cursor"thatcanbeused.Dragthecursortotheright,andthebookwillbeprojectedpagebypageinfrontofhim,ataspeedthatallowspeopletobrowseeachpageclearly.Pullittotherightagain,andthebrowsingspeedcanbecome10pagesatatime,andthenitwillbe100pagesatatime.Thereisalsoakeythatallowstheusertogodirectlytothefirstpageoftheindex.

Raita

"Raita"

Ifthereisamoredirectmethodforsearching,itwillbemuchmoreconvenienttoindexthecontacts.ThisisMEMEXBasicconcept:Parallelretrievaloftwoconditionsisanimportantrequirement.Whenausercreatesatrack,hemustspecifyaname,insertitintohiscodebook,andcallituponthekeyboard.

Tällä tavalla, kun jokin näistä kohteista tulee näkyviin, liittyvä kohde voidaan kutsua esiin.

Completelynewencyclopediaswillalsoappear,withinterconnected"trajectories"runningthroughthem.Patentattorneyscaneasilyfindthousandsofissuedpatents,surgeonscanrefertoanatomybooks,andhistorianscanalsohavealargenumberofpersonalchronology.

Therewillbeanewprofession,thatis"trajectorymaker",theywillconstructuseful"trajectory"fromalargeamountofordinarymaterialsandfeelhappyfromit.Thelegacyofthemasterswillnotonlybewhathepersonallycontributedtothetreasurehouseoftheworld'sknowledge,butwillbecometheoverallknowledgeframeworksharedbymankind.Atthistime,peoplewillbeabletomake,store,andretrieveallhumanrecordsthroughthem.

Impact

Itisattractivetoimaginemorespectaculartoolsinthefuture,anditwillbeboringtostudymethodsandcomponentsthatarecurrentlyknownorthataredevelopingrapidly.Predictionisverydifficult,butifyoumakeapredictionbasedonthecurrentsituation,youcantellthepossibilitymorethanjustaprediction.Itcanalsobeasuggestion,becauseapredictionbasedonanexistingsituationismoreeffective,notbasedonTheunknownpredictionisjustaguess.

Toimii

"AsWeThink"

AsWeMayThink

July1945AsWeMayThink,publishedinTheAtlanticMonthly,Issue176,Volume1,hasbeenrecognizedbytheinformationindustryasaclassicofinformationscience.Bushputforwardthe"Memex"concept,whichhasaprofoundimpactonlatergenerations.Memex,designedtohelphumansthinkandmanageinformation,isadatabasesystemthatstoresandretrievesalargeamountofinformationthroughelectroniccomputers;thishumanbrain-likemachinecanretrieveinformationaccordingtotheneedsofusers,andfocusesonusersandsystemsTheinteractionbetween.Thesystemhelpsacademicresearcherstocollect,combine,analyzeandapplyvariousdatabyestablishingconnectionpaths,searching,processing,andintegratingtechnologies.Inaddition,Memex'sdesignhasthecharacteristicsofreducingstoragespace,increasingretrievalspeed,andexpandingmemory.Thisconceptlaysthefoundationforthefuturedevelopmentofpersonalcomputers,informationretrieval,hypertext,hypermedia,onlinepubliccatalogs,globalnetworks,anddigitallibraries.

Muut työt

Sähkötekniikan periaatteet

Publishedin1922,whenhetaughtattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyDepartmentofElectricalEngineeringtextbook.

OperationCircuitAnalysis

Julkaistu vuonna 1929.

Tiede, EndlessFrontier

isBush’s1945reporttoPresidentRoosevelt.Ittalkedabouttherelationshipbetweenscienceandgovernment,diseaseduringthewar,andtherelationshipbetweenscienceandpublicwelfare,suchasnationalsecurity,people’swork,basicresearch,andscientificresearchforcultivatingyoungAmericans.Bushalsoemphasizedthatthegovernmentshouldcontinueforthesecondtime.Duringthewar,heconductedresearchonmedicineandrelatedsciences,andassistedpublicandprivateorganizationsinscientificresearch.ThisbookpromptedtheUSgovernmenttoestablishtheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)in1950.

EndlessHorizons

Julkaistu vuonna 1946. Tämä kirja on kokoelma esseitä aiheista kuten tiede, Memex, armeija, yleinen etu ja sota.

Modern ArmsandFreeMen:Akeskustelu tieteen roolista demokratian säilyttämisessä

Publishedin1949.ThisbookdiscussestheroleofscienceindemocraticpoliticsandcallsonAmericandemocraticpoliticsandscientificresearchnottobeaffectedbychangesintheworldsituation.ThisbookbecameabestsellerandhadagreatinfluenceonAmericanpoliticsandmilitarypolicyatthattime.

SciencePauses

Publishedin1964.Thisbookemphasizesthatscienceandtechnologyassisthumansindesigningvariousmachineryandequipmenttoimprovetheirlives,andexpoundstherelationshipbetweenphilosophyandscience.

Tiede ei riitä: heijastuksia nykyhetkeen ja tulevaisuuteen

Vuonna 1969 julkaistu esseekokoelma.

PiecesofAction

Julkaistu vuonna 1970. Tämä kirja kokoaa Bushin artikkeleita, muistioita ja vuosien varrella julkaistuja elämä- ja ajatuksia ja on Bushin omaelämäkerta.

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