Distributed Power

Meaning

Themostconcisedefinitionofdistributedpoweris:35kVandbelowthepowersupplythatisnotdirectlyconnectedtothecentralizedtransmissionsystem,whichmainlyincludespowergenerationequipmentandenergystoragedevices.

Advantages

(1)Economical:Becausedistributedgenerationislocatedontheusersideandclosetotheloadcenter,theconstructioncostandlossofthetransmissionanddistributionnetworkaregreatlyreduced;atthesametime,thedistributionPowergenerationplanningandconstructioncycleisshort,investmentiseffective,andinvestmentriskissmall. 

(2)Environmentalprotection:Distributedpowergenerationcanmakeextensiveuseofcleanandrenewableenergy,reducingtheconsumptionoffossilenergyandtheemissionofharmfulgases.

(3)Flexibility:Distributedpowergenerationsystemsmostlyusesmallandmedium-sizedmodularequipmentwithadvancedperformance,whicharefastonandoff,convenientformaintenanceandmanagement,flexibleadjustment,andeachpowersourceisrelativelyindependent,whichcanmeetpeakshavingandfilling.Valley,powersupplyforimportantusersandotherdifferentneeds.

(4)Security:Therearevariousformsofdistributedpowergeneration,whichcanreducethedependenceonasingleenergysourceandalleviatetheexpansionoftheenergycrisistoacertainextent;atthesametime,thedistributedpowergenerationlocationisscattered,anditisnotvulnerabletoaccidentaldisasters.Ortheimpactofemergencieshasthepotentialtowithstandlarge-scaleblackouts.

Features

Distributedenergysystemsdonotsimplyusetraditionalpowergenerationtechnologies,butarebasedonnewtechnologiessuchasautomaticcontrolsystems,advancedmaterialtechnologies,andflexiblemanufacturingprocesses.Onthebasis,anewenergyproductionsystemwithlowpollutionemissions,flexibility,convenience,highreliabilityandhighefficiency.

Thepowergenerationsystemthatcomposesthedistributedenergysystemhasthefollowingcharacteristics:

①Efficientuseofwasteenergygeneratedbypowergenerationtogenerateheatandelectricity;

②On-siteRenewableenergysystem;

③Includesanenergyrecyclingsystemthatuseson-sitewastegas,wasteheatandexcesspressuretogenerateelectricity.

Classification

DistributedGeneration(DG)devicescanbedividedintocogenerationpowergeneration,internalcombustionenginepowergeneration,gasturbinepowergeneration,andsmallhydropowergenerationaccordingtodifferenttechnologiesused.,Windpower,solarphotovoltaicpowergeneration,fuelcells,etc.;accordingtothetypeofenergyused,DGcanbedividedintofossilenergy(coal,oil,naturalgas)powergenerationandrenewableenergy(wind,solar,tidal,biomass,smallhydropower,etc.))Twoformsofpowergeneration.DistributedEnergyStorage(DES)devicesrefertoenergystorageandconversiondevicesthataremodular,canbequicklyassembled,andconnectedtothepowerdistributionnetwork.Accordingtodifferentformsofenergystorage,DEScanbedividedintoelectrochemicalenergystorage(suchasbatteryenergystoragedevices),electromagneticenergystorage(suchassuperconductingenergystorageandsupercapacitorenergystorage,etc.),mechanicalenergystoragedevices(suchasflywheelenergystorageandCompressedairenergystorage,etc.),thermalenergystoragedevices,etc.Inaddition,thefast-developingelectricvehiclescanalsosendelectricitytothedistributionnetworkwhenneeded,soitisalsoakindofDES.

Definition

Thedefinitionofdistributedpoweristhatitislocatedneartheuser,thegeneratedpowercanbeusedon-site,anditisconnectedtothegridatavoltagelevelof10kVandbelow,andasinglegrid-connectedpointhasatotalPowergenerationprojectswithinstalledcapacitynotexceeding6MW.Includingsolarenergy,naturalgas,biomassenergy,windenergy,geothermalenergy,oceanenergy,comprehensiveutilizationofresourcesforpowergenerationandothertypes.

Purpose

Today’sdistributedpowersourcesmainlyrefertointernalcombustionengines(IC)thatuseliquidorgasfuels,micro-turbines(Microturbines),andvariousengineeringfuelcells(FuelCell),solarpowerstations,andwindturbines.Becauseofitsgoodenvironmentalperformance,distributedpowergenerationand"smallunits"arenolongerthesameconcept.

Commonmodel

DistributedDCpowersupply400W;

800W;600W;wideapplicationrange,

Highcostperformance

Significance

Distributedenergycanusenaturalgas,coal-bedmethaneandotherfuels,aswellaswastegasresourcessuchasbiogas,cokeovengas,andevenwindenergy,solarenergy,andwater.Canwaitforrenewableresources.Sincedistributedenergyprojectsaremostlybuiltincities,thefuelformostdistributedenergysourcesismostlynaturalgasordiesel.Specifically,theimportanceofthedevelopmentofdistributedenergyhasthefollowingaspects:

(1)Economy

BecausethewasteheatofdistributedenergycanbeusedtogenerateelectricityHeatingandcooling,soenergycanbeusedinareasonablecascade,whichcanimprovetheefficiencyofenergyuse(upto70%-90%).Duetotheintegrationofdistributedpowersources,large-scalepowerplantsandhigh-voltagetransmissiongridshavebeenreducedorpostponed,andtheconstructionofpowergridshasbeenpostponedtosaveinvestment.Atthesametime,thepowerflowofthetransmissionanddistributionnetworkisreduced,andthenetworklossiscorrespondinglyreduced.

(2)Environmentalprotection

Becauseitusesnaturalgasasfuelorhydrogen,solarenergy,andwindenergyasenergysources,itcanreducethetotalemissionsofharmfulsubstances.Reducethepressureonenvironmentalprotection:Alargeamountofnearbypowersupplyreducestheconstructionoflarge-capacityandlong-distancehigh-voltagetransmissionlines,whichnotonlyreducestheelectromagneticpollutionofhigh-voltagetransmissionlines,butalsoreducesthelandacquisitionareaandlinecorridorsofhigh-voltagetransmissionlines.Thefellingoftreesunderthelineisconducivetoenvironmentalprotection.

(3)Diversityofenergyutilization

Distributedpowergenerationcanuseavarietyofenergysources,suchascleanenergy(naturalgas)andnewenergy(hydrogen)Andrenewableenergy(windenergyandsolarenergy,etc.),andprovideuserswithmultipleenergyapplicationssuchascold,heat,andelectricityatthesametime,soitisagoodwaytosolvetheenergycrisis,improveenergyefficiencyandenergysecurity.

(4)Peakshavingeffect

Summerandwinterareoftenthepeakperiodsofload.Atthistime,suchastheuseofnaturalgasasfuelgasturbinesandothercold,Thecombinedheatandpowersystemcannotonlysolvethecoolingandheatingneedsinwinterandsummer,butalsoprovidepartoftheelectricity,whichcanreducethepeakandfillthevalley.Inaddition,italsopartiallysolvedtheproblemofexcessivepeak-to-valleydifferenceinnaturalgassupply,andplayedacomplementaryroleinnaturalgasandelectricity.

(5)Safetyandreliability

Whenalarge-scaleblackoutoccursinalargepowergrid,aspeciallydesigneddistributedpowergenerationsystemcanstillmaintainNormaloperation,whichcanimprovethesafetyandreliabilityofpowersupply.

(6)Powermarketissues

Distributedpowergenerationcanadapttotheneedsofpowermarketdevelopment.Multiplefundsareusedtogeneratepower,andthepowerconstructionmarketcanbefullyutilized.Thecompetitionmechanismoftheelectricitysupplymarket.

(7)Investmentrisk

Theinstalledcapacityofdistributedpowergenerationisgenerallysmallandtheconstructionperiodisshort,soitcanbeavoidedSimilartotheinvestmentrisksbroughtbytheconstructioncycleoflargepowerstations.

(8)Powersupplyproblemsinremoteareas

ManyremoteandruralareasThegridsuppliespowertoit.Anindependentpowergenerationsystemusingsolarphotovoltaicpowergeneration,windpowergenerationandbiomasspowergenerationisapreferredmethod.