Psychology
Referstotheresearchmethodofmanipulatingacertainvariableundercontrolledconditionstoexamineitsinfluenceonothervariables.
Experimentalmethod:referstoamethodofpurposefullycontrollingcertainconditionsorcreatingcertainsituationstoinducecertainpsychologicalactivitiesofthesubjectsforresearch.
Laboratoryexperimentmethod
Thisreferstoamethodthatusescertainfacilities,controlscertainconditionsinthelaboratory,andconductsresearchwiththehelpofspecialexperimentalequipment.Awaytoexploretherelationshipbetweenindependentvariablesanddependentvariables.
Laboratoryexperimentmethodsareconvenientforstrictlycontrollingvariousfactors,andtestingandrecordingexperimentaldatathroughspecialinstruments,whichgenerallyhavehighreliability.Usuallyusedtostudythepsychologicalprocessandthephysiologicalmechanismofcertainmentalactivities.Butforthestudyofpersonalitypsychologyandothermorecomplexpsychologicalphenomena,thismethodstillhascertainlimitations.
Naturalexperimentmethod
Thisisamethodofcreatingandcontrollingcertainconditionsinapurposefulandplannedwayundernaturalconditionssuchasdailylife.
Thenaturalexperimentmethodisrelativelyclosetotherealityofhumanlife,iseasytoimplement,andhastheadvantagesofbothexperimentalmethodandobservationmethod,sothismethodiswidelyusedinthestudyofeducationalpsychology,childpsychologyandsocialpsychologyAlargenumberoftopicstolearn.
Pedagogy
Educationexperimentmethodisbasedoncertainteachingtheoryhypotheses,carriedoutinteachingpractice,usingnecessarycontrolmethodsandstrategies,changingresearchobjects,andexploringthecauseandeffectofteachingAregularscientificresearchactivity.Predictabilityandinterventionarethetwomostnotablecharacteristicsofexperimentalmethods.
Communications
Theexperimentalmethodsincommunicationarederivedfromexperimentalpsychology,andaregenerallydividedintotwotypes:controlledexperimentalmethodsandnaturalexperimentalmethods.Thecontrolledexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodinwhichtheresearchisconductedindoorsandsomeexperimentalfactorsareartificiallycontrolledduringtheresearch.Thenaturalexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodthatputstheexperimentinthesocialenvironmentandconductsitnaturally.Experimentalresearchoncommunicationbeganinthelate1920s.The1927-1932PennFoundation's"TheImpactofMoviesonYoungPeople"canbesaidtobetherudimentaryformofcommunicationexperimentalresearch.Inthe1940s,GestaltpsychologistLuYinusednaturalexperimentstoobservethecommunicationactivitieswithinthegroupwhenhewasstudyingtheinterpersonalrelationshipofsmallgroups.DuringandafterWorldWarII,psychologistHofland'sresearchonpersuasionandattitudechangeusingcontrolledexperimentationbroughttheexperimentalresearchofcommunicationtoapeak.Someimportantcommunicationtheorieswereconfirmedinexperiments,andtheexperimentalmethodbecamecommunication.Mainstreamresearchmethodsoflearning.
Method
Inarelativelysmallspecificmarket,takeacertainfactorofcommodityoperationasthebenchmark,suchascommodityquality,packaging,design,advertising,price,display,etc.Thecustomer'sresponseismeasuredthroughexperiments,andthenbasedontheresultsoftheexperiment,itisdeterminedwhetheritisworthdeveloping.
Theexperimentalmethodusuallyadoptsthefollowingtwomethods:
(1)Changingcommodityfactors.Underthesamemarketconditions,firstmeasurethevariousfactorsundernormaloperatingconditions,andthenmeasurethesituationafteracertaincommodityfactor(suchasprice,packaging,advertising,etc.)changes,anddeterminetheeffectofthecommodityonthepurchasebytheeffectofsales.Theinfluenceofbehavior.
(2)Changethesurveyarea.Forexample,duetochangesinthemarketsituation,changesinthepurchasingpowerofcommodities,aswellaschangesinprices,consumerpsychology,andseasonalchanges,theresultsoftheexperimentwillbeaffectedtovaryingdegrees.Iftheoperatingconditionsofdifferentregionsarecomparedatthesametime,theeffectoftheexperimentwillbegreatlyimproved.Forexample,thesametypeofgoodsaretestedintwocompanieswithroughlythesameconditionsinaspecificpackagingform,andthentheresultsaremeasuredtounderstandtheimpactofthistypeofpackagingonpurchasingbehavior.
Basicelements
Theexperimentalmethodisdesignedaccordingtoacertaincausalhypothesis.Underhighlycontrolledconditions,certainfactorsaremanipulatedartificiallytotestwhetherthetwophenomenaareThereisacertaincausalconnectionresearchmethod.Asaspecificresearchmethod,theexperimentalmethodinvolvesthreepairsofbasicelements:
independentvariablesanddependentvariables;
pre-testandpost-testTest;
Experimentalgroupandcontrolgroup.