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Experimental Method



Psychology

Referstotheresearchmethodofmanipulatingacertainvariableundercontrolledconditionstoexamineitsinfluenceonothervariables.

Experimentalmethod:referstoamethodofpurposefullycontrollingcertainconditionsorcreatingcertainsituationstoinducecertainpsychologicalactivitiesofthesubjectsforresearch.

Laboratoryexperimentmethod

Thisreferstoamethodthatusescertainfacilities,controlscertainconditionsinthelaboratory,andconductsresearchwiththehelpofspecialexperimentalequipment.Awaytoexploretherelationshipbetweenindependentvariablesanddependentvariables.

Laboratoryexperimentmethodsareconvenientforstrictlycontrollingvariousfactors,andtestingandrecordingexperimentaldatathroughspecialinstruments,whichgenerallyhavehighreliability.Usuallyusedtostudythepsychologicalprocessandthephysiologicalmechanismofcertainmentalactivities.Butforthestudyofpersonalitypsychologyandothermorecomplexpsychologicalphenomena,thismethodstillhascertainlimitations.

Naturalexperimentmethod

Thisisamethodofcreatingandcontrollingcertainconditionsinapurposefulandplannedwayundernaturalconditionssuchasdailylife.

Experimental Method

Thenaturalexperimentmethodisrelativelyclosetotherealityofhumanlife,iseasytoimplement,andhastheadvantagesofbothexperimentalmethodandobservationmethod,sothismethodiswidelyusedinthestudyofeducationalpsychology,childpsychologyandsocialpsychologyAlargenumberoftopicstolearn.

Pedagogy

Educationexperimentmethodisbasedoncertainteachingtheoryhypotheses,carriedoutinteachingpractice,usingnecessarycontrolmethodsandstrategies,changingresearchobjects,andexploringthecauseandeffectofteachingAregularscientificresearchactivity.Predictabilityandinterventionarethetwomostnotablecharacteristicsofexperimentalmethods.

Communications

Theexperimentalmethodsincommunicationarederivedfromexperimentalpsychology,andaregenerallydividedintotwotypes:controlledexperimentalmethodsandnaturalexperimentalmethods.Thecontrolledexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodinwhichtheresearchisconductedindoorsandsomeexperimentalfactorsareartificiallycontrolledduringtheresearch.Thenaturalexperimentmethodreferstotheexperimentmethodthatputstheexperimentinthesocialenvironmentandconductsitnaturally.Experimentalresearchoncommunicationbeganinthelate1920s.The1927-1932PennFoundation's"TheImpactofMoviesonYoungPeople"canbesaidtobetherudimentaryformofcommunicationexperimentalresearch.Inthe1940s,GestaltpsychologistLuYinusednaturalexperimentstoobservethecommunicationactivitieswithinthegroupwhenhewasstudyingtheinterpersonalrelationshipofsmallgroups.DuringandafterWorldWarII,psychologistHofland'sresearchonpersuasionandattitudechangeusingcontrolledexperimentationbroughttheexperimentalresearchofcommunicationtoapeak.Someimportantcommunicationtheorieswereconfirmedinexperiments,andtheexperimentalmethodbecamecommunication.Mainstreamresearchmethodsoflearning.

Method

Inarelativelysmallspecificmarket,takeacertainfactorofcommodityoperationasthebenchmark,suchascommodityquality,packaging,design,advertising,price,display,etc.Thecustomer'sresponseismeasuredthroughexperiments,andthenbasedontheresultsoftheexperiment,itisdeterminedwhetheritisworthdeveloping.

Theexperimentalmethodusuallyadoptsthefollowingtwomethods:

(1)Changingcommodityfactors.Underthesamemarketconditions,firstmeasurethevariousfactorsundernormaloperatingconditions,andthenmeasurethesituationafteracertaincommodityfactor(suchasprice,packaging,advertising,etc.)changes,anddeterminetheeffectofthecommodityonthepurchasebytheeffectofsales.Theinfluenceofbehavior.

(2)Changethesurveyarea.Forexample,duetochangesinthemarketsituation,changesinthepurchasingpowerofcommodities,aswellaschangesinprices,consumerpsychology,andseasonalchanges,theresultsoftheexperimentwillbeaffectedtovaryingdegrees.Iftheoperatingconditionsofdifferentregionsarecomparedatthesametime,theeffectoftheexperimentwillbegreatlyimproved.Forexample,thesametypeofgoodsaretestedintwocompanieswithroughlythesameconditionsinaspecificpackagingform,andthentheresultsaremeasuredtounderstandtheimpactofthistypeofpackagingonpurchasingbehavior.

Basicelements

Theexperimentalmethodisdesignedaccordingtoacertaincausalhypothesis.Underhighlycontrolledconditions,certainfactorsaremanipulatedartificiallytotestwhetherthetwophenomenaareThereisacertaincausalconnectionresearchmethod.Asaspecificresearchmethod,theexperimentalmethodinvolvesthreepairsofbasicelements:

independentvariablesanddependentvariables;

pre-testandpost-testTest;

Experimentalgroupandcontrolgroup.

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