Historicalorigin
Thehistoryoftheappearanceoftheword"Chinese"isnotlong.Afterabolishingtheimperialexaminationsystemin1905,theQingDynastybegantoopennewschools.Atthattime,thecoursesandtextbookswereallimportedfromtheWest.TherewasonlyonesubjectofChinese,andtheteachingwasstillancientChinese,whichwascalledthe"Chinese"classatthattime.
AftertheoutbreakoftheMayFourthMovement,vernacularwritingwaspromotedandclassicalChinesewritingwasopposed.TheChineselanguageclasswasaffected.Theelementaryschoolchangedto"Mandarin".Thetextbookshavedistinctiveoralcharacteristics,andvernacularessays,nurseryrhymes,andstorieswerechosen.Wait.Chineselanguageclassesarestillsetupinmiddleschools,andtheproportionofvernacularChinesehasincreasedsignificantly.NewliteraturewriterssuchasLuXun,YeShengtao,andBingXinhavebeenselected.
Inthelate1930s,YeShengtaoandXiaMianzunputforwardtheconceptof"language"andtriedtocompilenewlanguageteachingmaterials,butunfortunatelytheywereforcedtoterminatebecauseoftheJapaneseinvasionofChina.Aftertheliberationofthewholecountry,Mr.YeShengtaoonceagainproposedtocombine"Guoyu"and"Guowen"intooneandrenamed"Chinese".ThissuggestionwasadoptedbytheeducationalinstitutionsoftheNorthChinagovernmentandthenspreadacrossthecountry.Sincethen,"language"hasbecomeamainsubjectinprimaryandsecondaryschoolsandevenexpandedtoothercountries.
Basicintroduction
Chineseisasubjectinthebasiceducationcurriculumsystem.Thecontentofitsteachingislanguageculture,andtheformofitsoperationisalsolanguageculture.
Languageisshortforspokenlanguageandwrittenlanguage.(QianWei,XuYuehua,MiddleSchoolChineseTeachingMethod,EastChinaNormalUniversityPress,June2000).
Languageisalsoanabbreviationforlanguageorlanguageandliterature.
Lookingatthewordliterally,theword"language"inChinesemeans"thespeechofyourselfandothers"(inlayman'sterms,itisthelanguageyouusewhenspeaking),and"wen"means"Words","writtenspeeches".ThemeaningofthetwoChinesecharactersisthespeechandwordsofoneselfandothers.
Scienceanddisciplinehavenonationalboundaries,andsomedisciplineshaveregionalandnationalcharacteristics.TheChineselanguageintheChineseareaofmainlandChinarefersspecificallytoChinese.ItusesmodernChineseasaformofexpression.Itselectsexcellentandclassicworksfromtheliterarylibrary,andthroughtheguidanceofteachers,itisusedtoenrichstudents'emotionsandimprovestudents'ideologicalcognitionRealm,cultivatesentiment,inspireandenhancestudents'thinkingability,animportantsubjectthatisabasicplatformforinheritinghumancivilization.
LanguagesuchasEnglishisalsoaformoflanguage,andethnicminorityareasinChinaalsolearnethniclanguages.
InTaiwanProvinceofChina,Chineseiscalled"Guowen"or"Guoyu".
Eachethnicgroupgenerallyhasitsownlanguage(someethnicgroupsonlyhavelanguagebutnowriting,andtherearealsocaseswhereseveralethnicgroupsuseonelanguage).
Disciplinarycharacteristics
Basicandinstrumental
Thetaskofthelanguageclassistocultivatestudents’listening,speaking,reading,andwritingskills,butalsoToteachandenablestudentstomastercertainknowledgeofChinese.OncestudentshaveacertainknowledgeofChineseandhaveacertainabilityinChinese,theywilllayagoodfoundationforlearningothersubjectsandgoingtothesociety.
Humanism,ideology
Inadditiontocultivatingstudents’patriotism,socialistideologicalandmoralqualities,andstimulatingtheloveofthemotherland’slanguage,studentsmustalsobroadentheirhorizonsandcultivateaspiritofinnovation.Improveculturaltaste,etc.Humanityandideologyarecloselyrelatedandinseparable.Thetwoarejustdifferentexpressionsofthesamething.Basedonthisunderstanding,Chineseteachingmustfullypenetrateandreflectits"humanisticandideological"characteristicswhileconductinglanguagetrainingsuchaslistening,speaking,reading,andwriting.
Opennessanddiversity
TheclassroomofChineseteaching,upanddownforthousandsofyears,verticalandhorizontaltensofthousandsofmiles,broadseaandsky,Shirakawagathers.Itisnotonlyopenincontent,butalsodiverseinteachingmethods.Chineseteachingisnotlimitedtotheclassroom.HowmanyChineseteachersareopeningup"secondclassrooms"andguidingstudentstocarryoutextracurricularChineseactivities,whichgreatlypromotestheimprovementofstudents'Chineselevel.
Practicalandapplicable
Practicebringstrueknowledge.Reading,writing,writing,speaking,observing,writingletters,etc.,areallChinesepracticeactivitiesandapplicationsofChinese.Thetraditionalteachingmethod,teachersspeakandstudentslisten,arerelativelymechanicalandinefficient.
Localandregional
Theapplicationofanytheoryisinseparablefromacertainplaceandenvironment.People'slanguages,customs,andculturesvarygreatlyindifferentregions.BeijingisdifferentfromShanghai,thecoastisdifferentfromtheinland,andthepastoralareaisdifferentfromtheagriculturalarea.Allofthesedirectlyaffectthehumanisticlanguageteaching.
Inquiryandcreativity
Thenewteachingconceptrequirespeoplenotonlytofocusonstudentactivities,butalsotoconductresearchstudiesandcultivatethespiritofinnovation.Research-basedlearninghasbeenlistedasanindispensablelearningmethodinthemiddleschoolstage.Innovativeideashavebeenappliedtoawiderangeofsocialdevelopment.Chineseteachingisnolongeraboutrotememorizationandwordofmouth.Itneedstostimulatestudents'interestinlearning,inspirestudents'waysofthinking,andleadstudentstoexplore,research,andcreate.Theprocessoflearningisaprocessofinquiryandaprocessofcreation.InquiryandcreativityarealsoindispensablefeaturesofChinese.
Timelinessandadvancement
Likeothersocialsciences,Chineselanguageandliteratureareonlycloselyrelatedtopeople'sideology,keepingupwiththetimesandadvancingwiththetimes.Chinesereflectshistoryandreality,andhasastrongepochalcharacter.Chinesebelongstothecontentofadvancedculture.Advancedcultureisnotonlythespiritualwealthofanera,butalsothedrivingforcetoguidepeopleforward.Itmustalsobeforward-looking.ThecontentofChineselearningisbothcontemporaryandadvanced.
Learningmethods
TheimportantthingaboutChineseisaccumulationandapplication.Theabovemethodsareallimportantmeansofaccumulation.
Ouruseoflanguageknowledgecanbesaidtobeall-encompassing,anditcanbeusedinmanyaspects,suchas:socialinteraction,writing,speech...allarecloselyrelatedtous.SomepeoplelearnChinesewell,butwhentheyuseit,theyareinateapot.Preservedumplings-theycan'tbepouredout.
Infact,thepurposeoflearningistouse.Thisistheoutline.Sincethemethodvariesfrompersontoperson,Iwon'tdiscussitmuch!
Ibelievethatmydearfriend,youwillhaveacleverplan.Goodstudyhabits,stronginterest,andtherightmethods.Ifyoudon’thavetheabilitytolearnChinese,it’snothing.
Learningabilityisgraduallycultivatedandaccumulated.SomepeoplesaythatLuXun'sarticleisdifficulttounderstand.Infact,becausewehavenotfoundabreakthrough,weunderstandthatasentencemustberelatedtothebackgroundofthetimesandcontext,sothatyoucansolvetheproblem.
Learningshouldpayattentiontotheconsolidationofbasicabilities.Firstofall,wemustrememberthemeaningofsomewriting,grammar,rhetoricandsymbols.Onlywithsuchasolidfoundationcanweimprove.Thecultivationofthelearningabilityof"Hasteisnotenough"isnotaday'swork,itrequiresyourperseverance.