Liu Hong

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• WifeWangRong

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• SonLiuXie

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• DaughterPrincessWannian

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• FatherLiuChang

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• Mother,EmpressDong

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• GrandfatherLiuShu

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• Great-grandfatherLiuKai

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• GrandmaShenGuiren

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Character'slife

Earlyexperience

LiuHongisthegreat-great-grandsonofHanZhangemperorLiuJinandthegreat-grandsonofHejianXiaoWangLiuKai.Hisfather,LiuChang,theMarquisofJieduting,diedyoung,soLiuHonginheritedthetitleofMarquisofJiedutingandhismotherwasDong(QueenDowagerDong).

InthefirstyearofYongkang(167years),EmperorHuanoftheHanDynastyLiuZhidied,andQueenDouMiaocametoaskforpolitics.EmperorHuandidnotsucceedtothethrone.DouMiaoandhisfatherDouWudiscussedwithhim,andfinallychoseLiuHongtoinherittheDatong.DouMiaosentShiYushi,ShouguangluDoctorLiuKuo,FengCheDuweiCaoJieandotherswenttoHejianKingdomtowelcomeLiuHongascendedthethrone.

EnthronedasEmperor

SeptemberCoup

OnthefirstmonthofthefirstyearofJianning(168),LiuHongarrivedwiththewelcomingteamTheWanshouPavilionatXiamenoutsideYangchengwasgreetedbyhundredsofcivilandmilitaryofficialsledbyDouWu.Thenextday,LiuHongsucceededtothethroneandchangedthereignnametoJianning.ItwasTaiFuChenFan,GeneralDouWuandSituHuGuangwhoparticipatedintherecordingofShangshu.HerespectedhisfatherLiuChangasthe"EmperorofXiaoren",themausoleumwasnamed"ShenlingMausoleum",andhismotherDongwasnamed"ShenyuanNobleman".

GeneralDouWumadegreatcontributionstosuccessiontothethronebecauseofhisdecisiontoadviseLiuHong,andhisclanmemberswerepromotedtothethrone.DouWureliedonTaiFuChenFantopresideovertheaffairsofthecourt,andChenFanusedalargenumberofscholarswhowerepunishedduringthefirstparty'smisfortune.Thetwosoonreachedanagreementtoplottheeradicationoftheeunuch.

InAugust,DouWuinstructedShangShulingYinXunandotherstoimpeachandarrestHuangMenlingWeiBiaoforfurtherimpeachmentoftheeunuch.OnSeptember7th,DouWureturnedhometorest,andthememorialsecretlywrittenbyYinXuntoDouWuwasobtainedbyZhuYu,thehistoryofthefivesenseorgansinChangle,andthematterwasleaked.ZhuYunotifiedtheeunuchsWangFu,CaoJieandothersaboutthismatter.Historicallyknownasthe"SeptemberXinhaiCoup".Bytheearlymorningofthenextday,theeunuchhadachievedacompletevictoryinthecoupd'etat.DouWu,ChenFan,andotherswereallannihilated,andthosewhohadnotbeenexecutedwereexiledtoJiaozhou.QueenMotherDouwasmovedtoNangongYuntaitolive.

InMarchofthe2ndyearofJianning(169),thenoblemanofZunshenGarden,DongShi,wastheQueenofXiaoren.InJuly,theGeneralPoQiangDuanJongbrokethefirstzeroQiangintheShehuMountainWaigu,andalltheEastQiangwassuppressed.

OnthethirddayofthefirstlunarmonthinthefourthyearofJianning(171),LiuHongxingYuanfu,amnestytheworld.InJuly,theSongclanbecamethequeen.

Internalandexternalchaos

InthefirstyearofXiping(172),TaiFuHuGuangpassedaway.ThecourtdiscussedwithYangCi,LiuKuan,andZhangJiProfessorLiuHong.Inthesameyear,BohaiKingLiuLiwasinstructedbyZhongChang'sservantWangFutoframeothersforrebellionandcommittedsuicideinprison.

InthesixthyearofXiping(177years),WangFuandTaizhongdoctorChengAgotrappedEmpressSongandcursedLiuHongwithwitches,andEmpressSongwasthendeposedanddiedintheviolenthouse.

Indulgenceinpleasure

DuringLiuHong’sadministration,mostofthebarbariansanddemonsrebelledinremoteareas.TheywereledbyLuZhi,ZangMin,ZhuJun,etc.Peoplecalmdown,andLiuHongthinksthattheworldisasstableasMountTai,soheenjoyspeaceofmindandrarelyasksaboutpoliticalaffairs.

InAprilofthe2ndyearofGuanghe(179),ZhongchangservantWangFuandTaiweiDuanJongwereimprisonedanddied.InOctober,SituLiuYun,YongleYoungMansionChenQiu,WeiWeiYangqiu,andLieutenantLiuNaoftheinfantryconspiredtopunishtheeunuch.Theincidentwasleakedandtheywereallputtodeath.

InthethirdyearofGuanghe(180years),LiuHonglirejectedthecrowdandappointedtheHefamilyasqueen.EmpressHe’sfather,HeZhen,wasposthumouslynamedGeneralChaqiandXuandeHouofWuyang;hermotherwasassignedtoliveinthepalaceandnamedWuyangjun;herelderbrotherHeJinandsecondbrotherHeMiaowerealsorecruitedintothecourttoholdimportantpositions,theHefamilyThefamilyisextremelyprosperousforawhile.

Fengyanrisesallaround

IntheseventhyearofGuanghe(184),TaipingTaoistadvocatedtheYellowTurbanUprising,andTaipingTaoistsintheeightprefecturesoftheworldrosetotheground,andtheprefecturesandcountiesLost,thecourtshakes.AtthesuggestionofBeidiCountyGovernorHuangFusongandZhongChangshiLuQiang,LiuHongannouncedtheliftingoftheparty'sshacklesandorganizedgovernmentforcestoquelltherebellion.

Bytheendoftheyear,thegovernmentforcesledbyHuangfusong,ZhuJun,etc.wipedouttheYellowTurbanarmyinvariousplaces.LiuHongexpressedthepeaceoftheworld,sohechangedYuanZhongping.Butatthesametime,BeigongBoyu,LiWenhou,HanSui,BianZhangandothersinLiangzhourebelled.

InthesecondyearofZhongping(185),LiuHongsentHuangfusongandZhangWentoLiangzhoutoquelltherebellion.Notonlydiditfailtoquelltherebellion,butitmadetheLiangzhourebelsgrowstronger.

InthefourthyearofZhongping(187),Liangzhoufell,LiangzhougovernorGengBiandHanyangprefectFuXiediedinbattle.Inthesameyear,ZhangChunandZhangJufromYuyangCounty,togetherwithWuhuan,launchedarebellioninYouzhou,killingWuhuanschoolWeiJicho,YoubeipingprefectLiuZheng,andLiaodongprefectYangfinal.

ThesuccessiverebellionsintheworldhaveallowedLiuHongtograduallycomeoutofXiyuan’senjoyment.

InOctoberofthefifthyearofZhongping(188),LiuHongoptimisticallyheldamilitaryparadeinLuoyangping,callinghimself"SupremeGeneral",andinspectingthearmyonhorsebackwithasword.

Passedaway

InFebruaryofthesixthyearofZhongping(189),HuangFusongdefeatedtheLiangzhouRebelKingdomandothersinChencang.InMarch,YouzhouMuLiuYuputdownZhangChun'srebellion.OnApril11(May13),LiuHongdiedintheNangongGuardianHallattheageof33(accordingtoLiuHong’sage12whenhesucceeded,heshouldbe33whenhedied."Mistakenlymadethirty-fouryearsold),theposthumousnameisEmperorXiaoling.HiseldestsonLiuBiansucceededtothethronefortheEmperorofHanDynasty.OnJune17(July17),hewasburiedinWenling.

Politicsmeasures

Politics

• Thesecondparty'scurse

ThefirsttimethepartyshackledthedisasterinthefirstyearofEmperorYongkangoftheHanDynasty(167years).InthesecondyearofJianning(169),duringtheimpeachmentofZhangJian,thegovernorofShanyangCounty,ChangShiHouLanwentbacktohishometowntosweepthegraveforhismotheranddisturbedthepeople,anddemolishedHouLan'shouseandevenhisancestralgrave.ThisangeredHouLanandinstructedhisfellowvillagerZhuBingtowritealettertoimpeach24ShanyangcelebritiessuchasZhangJiantoformapartyandplotabadidea.Afterseeingthememorial,LiuHongaskedtheeunuchCaoJie.CaoJieusedthetopictoexplainthatthepartymembersharmedthecommunityanddemandedthatthepartymembersbewipedoutnationwide,andLiuHongzhunplayed.Intheend,thispoliticaldisastercausedalargenumberofscholarstoflee,andthepersecutionkilled600or700people.Historyhasbeencalled"thesecondparty'scurse."

InthefifthyearofXiping(176years),YongchangprefectCaoLuanwrotealettertothepartymembersanddemandedthecourttoredress.LiuHongwasfurious,torturedCaoLuantodeathinprison,andimprisonedpartymembersandtheirrelativesandfriendsonalargerscale.InthesecondyearofGuanghe(179years),uponthesuggestionofHehai,thecountymagistrateofShanglu,LiuHongorderedthattherelativesofthepartymembersafter"grandfather"shouldnotbeimplicatedbythem.

IntheseventhyearofGuanghe(184),theYellowTurbanUprisingbrokeout.ZhongChang'sservantLuQiangbelievedthatifhedidnotunderstandtheparty'sshackles,hemightforcethepartymemberstocolludewiththeYellowTurbanarmy,andLiuHongannouncedtheliftingofthepartyshackles.

• Eunuchpolitics

DuringLiuHong'sadministration,theimperialpowerwasweakened.LiuHongreignedfortwentyyears,whichwasthelongestreignofaneunuchinthehistoryoftheHanDynasty.Thenamesofeunuchsarenumerousanddazzling,andtheyareevenmoreprosperousduringLiuHong'sreign.LiuHongevenbrokethroughtheregularsystemonceandcanonizedtwelvemiddleservants,knowninhistoryasthe"tenpermanentservants."InthesecondyearofJianning(169years),whentheeunuchCaoJiewasseriouslyill,LiuHongregardedhimasthegeneralofthechariots.Afterhisdeath,hewasawardedasthegeneralofthechariots.InthefirstyearofZhongping(184),heappointedZhaoZhongchang,aservant.Loyaltothegeneralsofthechariots,responsibleforrewardingthegeneralswhoconqueredtheYellowTurbanfortheirmerits.

IntheearlydaysofLiuHong’sreign,ZhongChangservantWangFuandCaoJieweredeeplytrustedbyhim.Later,WangFuwaskilledbySiLiXiaoweiYangqiu.AfterCaoJiedied,ZhangRangandZhaoZhongbecameLiuHong’sfavor.LiuHongevencomparedthetwoeunuchstohisparents,whichshowshisdependenceontheeunuch.

• SayingGuanYujue

InthefirstyearofGuanghe(178),LiuHongwasinhismotherAttheinstigationoftheQueenMotherDongandtheattendants,theytriedtosellofficialsagain.TheimperialcourtpubliclyannouncedthatitcanspendmoneytobuypositionsfromGuanneihouandbelowtoGuangluxun’sHuben,Yulinandotherdepartments;theruleforsellingofficialsis:thepriceoflocalofficialsistwiceashighasthatofcourtofficials,andthepriceforcountyofficialsisdifferent;forofficials.Promotionmustalsobepaidattheprice.Thepersonseekinganofficialbidcanbeevaluated,andthepersonwiththehighestbidcanwinthebid.Inadditiontothefixedprice,italsoincreasesordecreasesatanytimebasedonthevalueoftheofficialseekingofficialandthepropertyheowns.Generallyspeaking,thepriceoftheofficialpositioniscalculatedbasedontheofficialsalary.Forexample,thepriceofanofficialpositionwithanannualsalaryof2,000shiis20millionyuan,andthepriceofanofficialpositionwithanannualsalaryof400shiis4millionyuan.Thatistosay,thepriceofanofficialpositionisanofficial.Tenthousandtimestheannualincome.AlthoughDuanJing,ZhangWenandothershavemadegreatcontributionsandhavehighreputations,theyallhavepaidenoughmoneybeforetheyreachthepublicoffice.Later,thesituationintensifiedandthetransfer,promotionorappointmentofnewofficialsmustpayone-thirdorone-fourthoftheofficialpositionprice.Thatistosay,theofficialmustfirstpaymorethan25yearsoflegalincomeequivalenttohis.Manyofficialswerescaredtoabandontheofficialsbecausetheywereunabletopaysuchahighamountof"officialfees."

WhenLiuHongbecameanadult,hesetuptheWestParkforhisownenjoyment,andLingdiusedtheincomefromsellingtheofficialdomtotheconstructionoftheWestPark.ZhongChang'sservantLuQiangjinadvised:"Theworld'spropertybelongstoyourmajesty,whydividepublicandprivate?"LiuHongrefused.ThepolicyofsellingofficialscontinueduntilthedeathofLiuHong.

• Resetstateanimalhusbandry

Zhongping5thyear(188years),LiuHongAcceptingthesuggestionofLiuYan,toooften,resetthestateanimalhusbandry,historicallyknownas"abandoninghistoryandestablishinganimalhusbandry".LiuYanwasnamedYizhoupastoralistandHuangWanwasnamedYuzhoupastoralist;inthesameyear,ZongzhengLiuyuwasnamedYouzhoupastoralist.Theresultwastheformationofseparatistwarlordsinvariousregions.Aftertakingoffice,ZhouMu,includingLiuYan,wasbasicallynolongerunderthecontrolofthecourt.

• XiyuanEightSchoolLieutenant

AugustinthefifthyearofZhongping(188),LiuHongsetuptheeightlieutenantsoftheWestPark,underthecommandofXiaohuangmenJianshuo,inordertorestrictthemilitarypowerofGeneralHeJin.

• ReignofReign

Jianning(168-May172),Xiping(May172-March178),Guanghe(March178-December28,184),Zhongping(December29,184-April189)Onthe12th).

Military

• StrikeoutXianbei

XipingSixthYear(177Years),HuwuhuanschoolWeiXiaYuShangshuaskedforcrusadeagainstXianbei,whileHuqiangschoolWeiTianyan,whowaspunishedforthecrime,requestedtoorderhimselftoatoneforthecrusadeagainstXianbeithroughZhongchangservantWangFu,andWangFualsoagreedtocrusade.InAugustofthesameyear,LiuHongsentXiaYutoleadhisarmyoutofGaoliuCounty,TianYanledhisarmyoutofYunzhongCounty,ZangMinledtheSouthernXiongnuTuteruo'scorpseandwentoutofYanmenCountyalone,eachwithmorethan10,000cavalrymarchingoutoftheGreatWall.Morethantwothousandmiles.TheleaderofXianbeiTanShihuaiorderedthethreesubordinatestofighteachother.XiaYuandothersweredefeated,discardingtheirowntalismansealsandluggage,eachleddozensofpeopletoescape,wereconscriptedandsentbacktojailbyprisonvehicles,andweredeposedasbastardsafterredemption.people.

Culture

• XipingStoneScripture

XipingFourYears(175)InMarch,LiuHongorderedtheConfucianmasterstocorrectthetextofthe"FiveClassics"basedonthesuggestionsofpreviousministersYangCi,CaiYong,MaRiqi,andeunuchLiXun,andorderedCaiYongtouseancientChinese,Itwaswritteninthreefonts,DazhuanandLishu,andcarvedonstonetabletsanderectedoutsidethegateofTaixue,sothatlatergenerationsofConfucianscholarswouldusethisasthestandard.Whenthestelewasfirsterected,thereweremorethanonethousandcarseverydaythatfilledthestreetsandalleyswhentheycametowatch,copiedandcopied.

TheinscriptionoftheXipingStoneScripturesprovidedreaderswithamodelofConfucianclassictextbooks,andcreatedaprecedentfortheStoneScripturesofthepastdynastiesinChina,inspiredtheinventionofthemethodofthumpingandextension,andhadanindirectinfluenceontheinventionofprinting.

• HongdumenSchool

ThefirstyearofGuanghe(178),LiuHongSetupHongdumenSchool,andhangtheportraitsofConfuciusandhis72disciples.Inthisschool,IdidnotstudyConfucianclassics,butactuallyexploredthesubjectsLiuHongwasinterestedin,suchascifuandcalligraphy.LiuHongreusedstudentsfromHongdumenSchool,whoservedasgovernors,Shangshu,Servant,andevenFenghou.Taixuescholarsoftendespisethesepeopleandrefusetojointhem.HongdumenSchoolwasveryprosperousforawhile,withthousandsofstudents,butitdidn'tlastlong.Onewasduetothefierceattackbythegentry,andtheotherwastheYellowTurbanuprising,whichendedwiththedeclineandfalloftheHanDynasty.

HongdumenSchoolisnotonlytheearliestcollegeinChina,butalsotheearliestliterarycollegeintheworld.IntheHandynasty,which"respectedConfucianism",changingtheoldconceptofConfucianclassicsastheonlyeducationalcontentandadvocatingthestudyofliteratureandartwasamajorcontributiontoeducation.Itenrollscivilianchildreninschool,breaksthroughthemonopolyofthearistocracyandlandlordclassinschools,andprovidesopportunitiesforcivilianstodisplaytheirtalents.Itisalsoofprogressivesignificance.TheemergenceofHongdumenSchoolopenedthewayfortheimperialexaminationsandtheestablishmentofvarioustechnicalschools,especiallyintheTangDynasty.

Diplomacy

InthesecondyearofXiping(173years),foreigncountriesinNichinanCountypaidtributethroughtranslation.

ForthethirdyearofXiping(174years),Fuyusentenvoystopaytribute.

InthesixthyearofGuanghe(183years),foreigncountriesinNichinanCountyonceagainpaidtributethroughtranslation.

LiteraryAbility

LiuHonglikesCifu,andwrote"HuangxiPian"with50chaptersbyhimself.Later,hepityedtheprinceLiuXiefornothavingamotherwhenhewasachild,andrememberedWangMeiren(WangRong),sohecreated"FuofPursuingVirtue"and"OdetoLingyi"."HanPoetry"alsoincludesoneofhisworks:"SongofMerchants".

Characterevaluation

DongZhuo:Thelordoftheworldisworthyofwiseness.Everytimeyouthinkoftheemperor,youareindignant!

GaiXun:Istillseetheabove,Iamveryclever,butIamobsessedwiththeleftandrightears.

ZhugeLiang:Prosperousministers,farvillain,thistimetheHanDynastyisprosperous;pro-littlemen,farvirtuousministers,afterwards,theHanDynastyisalsodepressed.Whenthefirstemperorwasthere,wheneverhediscussedthematterwithhisministers,hesighedandhatedHuanandLingYe.

XueYing:HanZhongxing,asforYanping,theworld'sindustryisdamaged.Chongisshort-term,filialpietyhasnoheir,themotheriscalledthesystem,andthetraitorousministerisinpower.Xiaolingbecamesupremeasasupporter,ruledbytheFanhouandShaohuang,notsympathetictoZongxu,andnotonlyforthefate;YuShijuewassubdued,andtheofficialstookbribes.SinceGonghouQingshidescendedtoZaoli,alltheofficialsweremovedtotheranks,andtheinnocentsweretorturedandZhongliangwasdestroyed.Sothevirtuousandwiseretreatandthepoor,theloyalandloyalareinthelowerposition;thenwhenthetraitorousdronesrise,whentheguardsarebroken,thebarbarianswillinvade,andthethieveswillbeboiled.ThesmalloneleadsthecityandthebigoneLianzhoucounty.Theeditorsareinacommotion,andeveryoneisthinkingaboutit.Atthistime,thereisnoemperor.Huilingemperorisalive,thievesseekeachother,hisharemroomisburned,thesuburbancommunityhasnoowner,dangerstartsfromthetop,TanandHuaxia.Wouldn'titbepainfultomaketheBeijinghousearuinandthedomesticdepression?

FanYe:①"TheBookofQin"saidZhaoGaozhenII,referringtothedeerasthehorse,andZhaoZhongandZhangRangYilingwerenotallowedtoclimbhightowatch,sothosewhoknewthedeathwouldbethesameashim.Butthespiritemperorisalsogood!②Theemperorofthespirittakesthelead,andtheemperorofthebodyisevil.Asasignofdeath,"Xiaoya"islacking.Elkfrostdew,thenthepalaceguard.

WangJia:ThetwoemperorsAnandLingarebothdefeated.Husbandsarepleasingtotheeyesandheart-warming,andrarelyfallintolust.Theservantsarepredestined,theyarelustful,admonishtheevil,andarenotpassionateinlewdness.Evenasthelordofthedynasties,itisimpossiblenottomournthefamilyandthecountrywithmight,andtooverthrowtheancestorswithextravaganceandbeauty.Inquiringaboutthefirsttombisoftencarried,butforthepast,therecordisnotone.Itisagainsttherighteousnessoftheprovincialpartytoliveinthesuburbs.

YuShinan:AftertheLingEmperorinheritedthefatigueofthepeople,hewaseasytodogoodgovernance,andLiShuwasattractedtohim.XianjiZhongxing,andtheemperorattackedhimandoverturnedthecar,thepoisonsurpassedthepredecessors,overthrowingtheclanandthecauseoftheemperor.Worryingtheworldeveryday,Iamfortunateenough.

DuMu:HuanandLinghavekilledthousandsoftimesinthepast40years,andthepoisonhasspreadtotheircommunities.Cantheyeatblood?Canaltar?Singlefatherworshipsthesuburbs?

ZhouTan:Thegoldpriceonthelististheofficialhonorofthepublic,anditisthepublicandthefivehundredprinces.GongjinKongmingwhoretiredpoorly,AnzhiliehighandmeetXiongying.

HuSanxing:EmperorGuanlingdidnotdaretoregaintheplatform,fearingthatthepeoplewouldbescattered,andthatthereisnoloveforthepeople!TomakethembelieveinthewordsofthegentlemenbythosewhobelieveintheDan,thentheHanistheHan,whichisnotknown.

CaiDongfan:①IntheHanseason,whoistheregularservant,whodoesn'tsaythathecankill?OnlyiftheLordislikeHuanling,Fangbelievesandusesit.②Thestate'srewardsandpunishmentshaveclearscriptures,howcanyoulistentoXiaoXiao'sslander?Regardlessofmeritsandsins,theemperorknowsnospirit!③RuoPingisoptimisticaboutmartialarts,settingupaltarstoexaggeratethewind,andLingdithinksthatheismartialarts,whileGaiXunusesmartialartsasacounterpoint.ThetwocharactersofWuwu,butHanwuisenough,cantheLingdispeakthis?Thosewhomhetrustsareonlywomenandtemples,suchasHuangfusongandZhuJun,whodon’tknowhowtoreusethem;eveniftheycan’taffordtogetsick,theystillregardSaishuoasloyalandtrusttheloneliness."FanShi"saysthattheemperorisburdened.Theofficialbodyisevil,andXiaoyaislacking,soisitalsotheso-calledmonthlyassessment?

AnecdotalAllusions

ZhongxingSword

AccordingtotheRecordofAncientandModernSwords:Jianningthreeyears(170years),theEmperorLingoncecastfourswords,NamedZTE.Oneoftheswordswaslostwiththesmallsealscriptfornoreason.

Itscharacterisnotbig

Accordingtothenotesof"HouHanShu"and"FuHouGuJinZhu",itisrecorded:"Theword'hong'means'big'."ManypeoplethinkthathereThe"character"meansthemeaningoftheword,thinkingthatLiuHong'ssurnameisLiu,thenameisHong,andthewordisbig.Thisisactuallyamisunderstanding.The"character"hereisnotatableword,butthemeaningofataboopronoun.Asweallknow,inancienttimes,itwasnecessarytoavoidtheemperor'snametaboo.Whenencounteringtheemperor'snametaboo,somemethodsshouldbeadoptedtoavoidthisword.AfterLiuHongcametothethrone,ifhehadtowrite"macro",hewoulduse"big"instead.

Theinnercourtisamused

LiuHonghimselflivesdeepintheinnerpalace,holinghismindtotrynewtricksofplay.Thereisnodonkeyintheinnerpalace,andasmallyellowgatewhoisgoodatwelcomingcarefullyselectedfourdonkeysfromoutsidetoenterthepalace.AftermeetingLiuHong,loveislikeatreasureanddrivesacararoundthepalaceeveryday.Atfirst,Ialsofoundadrivertodrivethecar,andafewdayslater,Isimplymanageditmyself.Thenewsthattheemperordroveadonkeycartcametotheinnerpalace,andmanybureaucratsandscholarsinthecapitalcompetedtoimitateit,thinkingthatitwasfashionable.

Asthecapitalwasfilledwiththesmokeanddustraisedbythedonkeycart,LiuHonglostinterestinthedonkeycartagain.Anothereunuchwasingenious,dressedupthedog,wearingavirtuouscrown,wearingacourtdress,andwearingaribbon,andswayeduptothefront.WhenLiuHongrecognizedthathewasadog,hecouldn'thelpclappinghishandsandlaughing,andpraised:"Whatadogofficial."AlthoughtheManchucivilandmilitaryofficialsfeltshamefulandhumiliated,theydarednotspeak.

GongzhongMarket

LiuHongimitatedthemarket,market,variousshops,andvendorsintheharem,sothatpartofthecourtladiesandconcubinespretendedtobevariousmerchantsselling,andtheotherpartpretendedtobebuyingSomeoftheguestsofthings,somedressedassingers,monkeyjugglersandsoon.Andhehimselfputontheclothesofamerchant,pretendingtobeamerchantsellinggoods,walkingaroundinthisman-mademarket,ordrinkingandhavingfuninthehotel,orquarreling,fighting,andfightingwiththeownerandcustomers.It'snotlively.LiuHongmingledhereandhadagreattime.Thegoodsintheshopareallrareandexotictreasuresthathavebeenraided,andtheyarestolenbythegreedyconcubinesoneafteranother,evenfightingsecretlybecauseyoustealmoreandIstealless,butLiuHongdoesn'tknowatall.

NakedTourMuseum

InthethirdyearofZhongping(186years),LiuHongbuiltathousandhousesinXiyuan.Letthegreenmossbecollectedtocoverthesteps,attractingthecanalwatertocirculatearoundthethresholds.Thelotusfromthesouthisplantedinthewaterofthecanal.Theflowersareasbigasacoverandaremorethantenfeettall.Andbecausetheleavesofthislotusfloweronlyunfoldedafterthemooncameout,themoongodwassofamousthatitwasalsocalled"Wangshuhe".Inthisgardenthatlookedlikeafairyland,LiuHongorderedtheladiesofthecourttotakeofftheirclothesandplayandchasenaked.Sometimeshecheeredhimselfup,andtookoffhisclothestominglewiththem.Therefore,hegavethisgardenthename"NakedPavilion".

LikeHuWu

LiuHonglikesHuFu,HuZhang,HuBed,HuZuo,HuFan,HuHonghou,HuDi,HuWu,andthedignitariesofthecapitalhavefollowedsuit.Wascriticizedas"servingthedemon."Later,DongZhuoledHuBingintoBeijingandwreakedhavoc,whichwasexactlywhathappened.

EmperorYemenghuan

LiuHongoncedreamedthatEmperorHuanofHanwasangryandsaid:"WhatisthesinofEmpressSong?Youlistenedtothoseevilthingsandcausedhertodie?ThekingofBohaiLiuLihasbeenBedegraded,anddied.NowSongandLiuLiarecomplaininginthesky,Godisangry,andyoursinsarehardtosave."Thecontentofthisdreamisveryclear.

LiuHongwaspanickedafterwakingup,sohetoldYulinZuoJianXuYongabouttheincidentandsaid:"Whatisthisbadomen?Canitberemoved?"XuYongrepliedSaid:"TheEmpressSonginheritedthethronetogetherwiththeemperor,andcametotheworldwithhermother'sritual.Ithasbeenalongtimesinceshehasbeenenlightenedbyherthroughoutthefourseas.Shehasneverheardofanymistakesandevilvoices.Theemperorlistenstowordsofslanderandjealousy.Causedhertosufferinnocentcrimes,shewaspunishable,andthefamilyandallhisconcubinesallcomplainedandregretted.BohaiKingLiuLiwastheyoungerbrotherofHuandi’smother,andhenevermademistakesinhandlingthematteroftheconfessionofthecountryandservingthecourtasavassal.,HisMajestydidnotgothroughverificationandinvestigation,sohewaspunishableandpunishable.JinMarquisdreamedofbigghostswithlonghairreachingthegroundbecauseJinMarquiskilledtheancestorsofghosts.Themoralityandjusticebetweenheavenandearthisclear,andghostsandgodsaredifficult.Itcanbedeceived.Itshouldbeburiedtogethersothatthewrongedsoulscanrestinpeace.LettherelativesexiledbyEmpressSongreturntotheirhometownsandrestoreKingBohai’sknighthood,hopingtoeliminatetheguiltcausedbythis."LiuHongdidnotlistentoXuYong.Oftheopinion,diednotlongafter.

Strongdescendants

LiuHongonceaskedYangQicalmly:"HowdoIcomparewithEmperorHuan?"YangQisaid:"YourMajestywantstocomparewithEmperorHuan,justlikeYuShunisthesameasTangYaobide."LiuHongsaidunhappily,"Youarereallyhard-necked(strength),youareindeedYangZhen'sdescendant,andyouwilldefinitelyattractbigbirdsafterdeath."

Familymembers

Familyhistory

Greatgrandfather:HanZhangdiLiuJin

Great-grandmother:ShenGuiren

Great-grandfather:HejianXiaoWangLiuKai,AndlatergiftedEmperorXiaomu.

Great-grandmother:Zhao'sfamily,whowaslatergivenasEmpressXiaomu.

Grandfather:JiedutingHouLiuShu,latergiftedasEmperorXiaoyuan.

Grandmother:TheXiafamily,wholaterbecameEmpressXiaoyuan.

Father:LiuChang,HouXieduting,latergiftedasEmperorXiaoren.

Mother:DongClan,laterreveredasQueenXiaoren.

EmpressConcubine

QueenSong

LingsiQueenHeFamily

LinghuaiQueenWangRong

Children

Son

ShaoEmperoroftheHanDynastyLiuBian

EmperorXianEmperorLiuXieoftheHanDynasty

Daughter

PrincessWannian

HistoricalRecords

"DongguanHanJi"

"LaterHanJi·XiaolingEmperorJi1·Twenty-third"

"TheBookoftheLaterHan·Volume8·TheEighthofXiaolingEmperor"

"Zizhitongjian"Volume56~59

Filmandtelevisionimage

LiuHongfilmandtelevisionimage(3photos)

Memorialtomb

WenlingMausoleumislocatedinSanshilipuAdministrativeVillage,SongzhuangTown,MengjinCounty,LuoyangCity,HenanProvinceInthenorthofLiujiajingNaturalVillage,LiuHongwasburiedhereafterhisdeath.IntheQingDynasty,itwasverifiedbyGongSonglin,theprefectofLuoyang,astheXuanTombofEmperorHuanoftheHanDynasty.Accordingtothe"AtlasofChineseCulturalRelics·HenanVolume":thetombis10metershighand320metersincircumference.Commonlyknownas"LiaoziTomb".Therearetwostolenholesonthetopofthetomb.Fragmentsofjadeclothingwerecollected,whichmaybetherelicsofthetombwhenitwasstolen.Thetombwaspartiallydamaged,anditissuspectedtobethetombofEmperorHuanoftheHanDynasty.ChenChanganconsideredittobetheMausoleumofEmperorGuangwuLiuXiuyuan,andtheculturalrelicsdepartmentfinallyidentifieditastheMausoleumofEmperorGuangwu.