Judging from the "Mathematics Manuscripts" compiled in China, Marx studies calculus the most, and it also involves algebra and the history of mathematics. Marx's mathematical research is not to establish a logical foundation for calculus, but to use materialist dialectics to study the occurrence and development of some concepts and methods in mathematics, the connection between various methods, and the dialectical nature of the differential process. According to the different characteristics of various differential methods, he divided the history of calculus development in the 17th and 18th centuries into: "mysterious differential calculus" represented by I. Newton and GW Leibniz, and represented by JLR D'Alembert Three periods of "rational differential calculus" and "pure algebraic differential calculus" represented by JL Lagrange (1736-1813). He summarized the process of differentiation as the process of negation of negation, and put forward the idea that differentiation is "sublated difference". Marx's conclusion that differentiation is a "sublated difference" from the imperfect form of calculus is consistent with the philosophical thinking of the concept of differentiation in modern calculus theory and non-standard analysis theory.
