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system software



Basicconcepts

Variousapplicationsoftware,althoughthecompletedtasksaredifferent,theyallneedsomecommonbasicoperations,suchasobtainingdatafrominputdevicesandsendingdatatooutputdevices.Senddata,writedatatoexternalstorage,readdatafromexternalstorage,routinemanagementofdata,etc.Thesebasictasksarealsocompletedbyaseriesofinstructions.Peoplegrouptheseinstructionstogethertoformspecialsoftwaretosupporttheoperationofapplicationsoftware.Thiskindofsoftwareiscalledsystemsoftware.Generallyspeaking,thesystemsoftwareincludestheoperatingsystemandaseriesofbasictools(suchascompiler,databasemanagement,memoryformatting,filesystemmanagement,userauthentication,drivemanagement,networkconnectionandothertools),whichsupportscomputersystemsThepartofthesoftwarethatrunsnormallyandimplementsuseroperations.

Thesystemsoftwareisgenerallycarriedwiththecomputersystemwhenpurchasingit,oritcanbeinstalledseparatelyasneeded.

Features

Themainfeaturesofthesystemsoftwareare:

*Ithasstronginteractionwithhardware

*CanshareresourcesCarryingoutschedulingmanagement

*Itcansolvethecoordinationproblemsexistinginconcurrentoperationprocessing

*Thedatastructureiscomplex,andtheexternalinterfaceisdiversified,whichisconvenientforuserstouserepeatedly

Maincategories

Whilethesystemsoftwareprovidestheabove-mentionedbasicfunctionsfortheapplicationsoftware,italsomanagesthehardware,sothatdifferentapplicationsoftwarerunningsimultaneouslyorsuccessivelyonacomputercanusethehardwareequipmentinanorderlymanner..Forexample,twoapplicationsoftwaremuststoreandmodifydatatotheharddisk.Ifthereisnocoordinationandmanagementorganizationtodelineatetheareaforthem,itwillinevitablyleadtomutualdestructionofeachother'sdata.

Representativesystemsoftwareincludes:

Operatingsystem

Theoperatingsystemmanagesthecomputer'shardwareequipment,sothattheapplicationsoftwarecanusetheseequipmentconvenientlyandefficiently..Commononesonmicrocomputersare:DOS,WINDOWS,UNIX,OS/2,etc.

Themostimportantandbasicthingincomputersoftwareistheoperatingsystem(OS).Itisthelowestlevelsoftware,whichcontrolsalltheprogramsrunningonthecomputerandmanagestheresourcesoftheentirecomputer.Itisthebridgebetweenthebaremetalofthecomputerandtheapplicationsandusers.Withoutit,userscannotusecertainsoftwareorprograms.

Operatingsystem(5photos)

Theoperatingsystemisthecontrolandmanagementcenterofthecomputersystem.Fromtheperspectiveofresources,ithasaprocessor,memorymanagement,devicemanagement,andfilemanagement.4functions.

ThecommonlyusedsystemsincludeDOSoperatingsystem,WINDOWSoperatingsystem,UNIXoperatingsystem,Linux,Netwareandotheroperatingsystems.

Languageprocessingprogram

CompiledsoftwareCPUexecuteseachinstructionandonlycompletesaverysimpleoperation.Asystemsoftwareorapplicationsoftwarecancostthousandsorevenhundredsofmillions.Acombinationofinstructions.Writingsoftwaredirectlywithbasicinstructionsisanextremelyarduousanddifficulttask.

Computerscanonlydirectlyrecognizeandexecutemachinelanguage.Therefore,torunhigh-levellanguageprogramsonthecomputer,itmustbeequippedwithaprogramlanguagetranslationprogram.Thetranslationprogramitselfisasetofprograms,anddifferenthigh-levellanguages​​havecorrespondingtranslations.program.

Languageprocessingprogramssuchasassemblylanguageassembler,Clanguagecompiler,linker,etc.

Inordertoimproveefficiency,peoplestipulateanewsetofinstructions,calledhigh-levellanguages,inwhicheachinstructioncompletesanoperation.Thisoperationissimpleandbasiccomparedtotheoverallfunctionofthesoftware.ComparedwiththeCPUoperation,itismorecomplicated.Usingthishigh-levellanguagetowriteprograms(calledsourceprograms)islikebuildingahousewithprefabricatedboardsinsteadofbricks,whichismuchmoreefficient.However,theCPUcannotdirectlyexecutethesenewinstructions.Itisnecessarytowriteasoftwarethatisspecificallyusedtotranslateeachinstructioninthesourceprogramintoaseriesofbasicinstructions(alsocalledmachinelanguage)thattheCPUcanaccept,sothatthesourceprogramcanbeconvertedintoacomputer.Theprogramthatrunson.Thesoftwarethatcompletesthistranslationiscalledhigh-levellanguagecompilationsoftware,andtheyareusuallyclassifiedassystemsoftware.Atpresent,thecommonlyusedhigh-levellanguages​​includeVB,C++,JAVA,etc.,eachofwhichhasitsowncharacteristicsandissuitableforwritingacertaintypeofprogram.Theyallhavetheirowncompilersoftware.

DatabaseManagement

Thedatabasemanagementsystemstoreslargeamountsofdatainanorganizedanddynamicmanner,sothatpeoplecanusethesedataconvenientlyandefficiently.

Databasemanagementsystemisalarge-scalesoftwarethatmanipulatesandmanagesdatabases,andisusedtoestablish,useandmaintaindatabases.

Foxpro,Access,Oracle,Sybase,DB2andInformixaredatabasesystems.

AuxiliaryPrograms

SystemAuxiliaryProcessingProgramsarealsocalled"softwaredevelopmenttools","supportsoftware","softwaretools",mainlyincludingeditingprograms,debuggingprograms,equipmentandConnectprogramanddebugprogram.

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