Originaltext
一
JingGongpassedYanziandsaid:"Theuterusissmall,nearthecity,pleasemovetothegardenofYuzhang."Yanzibowedagainandresigned."Also,theinfantfamilyispoor,waitingforfoodinthemarket,butinthefuture,youcan'tgofar."Jinggonglaughedandsaid:"Thechildisaccustomedtothemarket,doyouknowwhatisexpensiveandcheap?"Yanzisaidtohim:"It'sexpensivebutcheap."Jinggongsaid,"Why??"Jinggongsaid,"Therearetoomanypunishments."Jinggongchangedhiscolorandsaid,"It'sviolentforafewpeople!"
Orsaying:Yanziisnobleandsincere,butifheissincere,hecanstopmultiplepunishmentsifhewantstoresign.Thisisalsotheproblemofnotbeingtreated.?Thereisnomoretorture,nolesstoimproper.Thereisnothingwrongtohear,buttosaytoomuch,thereisnotrouble.?Thepunishmentofthedefeatedarmyisinthethousands,anditisstillnotlimited;thatis,thepunishmentoffightingchaosisasiffearisoverwhelming,andthecrimeisendless.Today,Yanzidoesn’tknowwhetheritisrightornot,butisittooarroganttosaytoomuch?Thehusbandwhocherishesthegrassandthegrassconsumestheears,andthethieveshurtthegoodpeople.Penaltiesaresuspendedtodayandactsofmercyarelenient.Thisistobenefittheevilandharmthegoodpeople.Thisisnotthereasonforthetreatment.
Second
QiHuangongwasdrunkanddrunk,betrayedhiscrown,shameful,andstayedawayforthreedays.GuanZhongsaid:"Thisisnottheshameofthecountry,?Don'tpublicHuQinotsnowtousepolitics?"Gongsaid:"HuQishan!"Becauseofthepoverty,hewasconvictedofimprisonment.?Threedaysaway,andthefolksongsaid:"Gonghuisnolongeracrown!"
Or:GuanZhongxueHuanisashamelessvillain,andtheshameofbeingbornHuanisagentleman."TomakeHuanGongsendoutabarntogivepoverty,andtobringcrimesfromlawsuits,isnotrighteous,anditisnottobeshameful;tomakeitrighteous,Huanisrighteous,andifitisnecessarytoleavethecrownandactafterwards,itisHuan'srighteousnessandrighteousness.Thecrownisalso?IsitbecausetheshameoftheXueyicrownisonthevillain,buttheshameoftherighteousnessisalsoonthegentleman.Itisarewardforthepoorifthehusbandgivesuptothepoor,anditisnottoblameforthesinnersintheprison.Ifthehusbandisrewardedfornothing,thepeoplewillstealthegoodfortuneandhope;ifthepeopledon'tpunishthepast,thepeoplewillnotbepunishedandthepeoplewillbewrong.Therootsofthischaos,canyoubeshameful?
Three
TheformerKingWeninvadedMencius,restrainedJu,anddrewspirits.Threethingsweredoneandevilwasdone.KingWenisafraid,pleaseenterthelandofLossi,thecountryofRedEarth,tosolvethepunishmentofgunfire.Theworldsaysitall.ZhongNihearditandsaid:"Benevolence,KingWen!Pleasesolvethepunishmentoftheartilleryandburninthecountryofthousandsofmiles.Wisdom,KingWen!Gettheheartoftheworldfromthelandofthousandsofmiles."
Orsaid:ZhongIsn’tittoomuchtothinkthatKingWeniswise?Thewiseman,theonewhoknowstheplaceofmisfortuneandbreaksitout,isthatthebodyisnotasgoodasthetrouble.ItisunpopularbecausethekingofWenseesevilintheevildoer,butitcanbedonebyaskingpeopletosolvetheevil.Zhouwinspeople'sheartswithitsgreatnessandisevil,andself-receivespeople'sheartslightly.Itistoseedoubtsagain,toconsolidateitscauseandshackles,andtobeimprisonedinJiangliye.TheelderZhengsaid:"Tao,doingnothingandseeingnothing."ThisismostsuitableforWangWen,anditisnotsuspicious.ZhongniregardstheKingofWenashiswisdom,andhehasnotreachedthispoint.
Four,BinXuisnotgoodatcuttingtheseams,XiPengisgoodatpurefate,andtheclothesarewell-dressed,andtheemperorwilltakeit.Gongsaid:"Teacherlaughstoo??"ShiKuangsaidtohim:"UncleXiaoXiaoxiangtotheemperor.
Anyonewhoisaministerisaprincewhocandominateandadvancewithfiveflavors.JunFuFood,whodaretobestrong?Pleasegiveanexample:themonarch,thesoil;theminister,thegrassandtrees.Thesoilmustbebeautiful,andthenthegrassandtreesarehuge./p>
Orsaying:ShuxiangandShiKuang'spairingsarebothpartial.Thehusbandisacontributortotheworld,thenineprinces,thegreatbeautyisnotthepowerofthemonarch,northepoweroftheminister.Inthepast,thestrangenessofthepalaceliesinYu,andtheburdenoffailureliesinCao.Thewisdomofthetwoministersisthetruthoftheword,andthemeritsofYuandCaoarebothdead,why?Thereareministersbutnomonarch.?AndtheuncleJianworksandperishes,andtheQinistheQinhegemony.ItisnotthattheuncleJianisfoolishindoingbutwiseinQin.Thereareministersandnoministers.Xiangsaid,"Thepoweroftheministerisalso,"otherwise.TheformerHuanGongPalacehadtwohundredwomeninthesecondcity,andhewassenttotheroyalwoman.
Youhavetobeincharge,youarethefifthuncle,youhavetolosecontrol,andyouhavetodie.Thewormsflowoutofthecorpseandarenotburied.Thinkthatitisnotthepoweroftheminister,anddoesnotregardGuanZhongasthehegemon;TheformerJinWengongadmiredQi'sdaughteranddied.Heblamedhimforhisremonstrance,soheturnedagainstJin.Therefore,HuanGongusedGuanZhonghe,andWenGongusedhisuncletoinfringehegemony,whileShiKuangsaid,"Thepoweroftheemperorisalso,"butthat'snotthecase.?Whoeverthefivetyrantscanbesuccessfulintheworld,therulerandhisministersmustbepowerful.Therefore,itissaid:ShuxiangandShiKuangareright,andtheyarebothpartial.
Friday
AtthetimeofQiHuangong,whentheguestsarrived,therewasagiftfromthesecretary.HuanGongsaid:"TellZhong'sfather"three.Youlaughedandsaid:"Yeah,youaretheking!OneisZhongfu,andtheotherisZhongfu."HuanGongsaid:"Ihearabouttheemperor,whoworkharderthantheother,?Ilostittothemessenger.Now,afterwinningZhongfu,whyisitnoteasy?"
Or:HuanGongshouldbebetterthanthemonarch’swords.HuanGongusedtheprincestoworkforthepeople,sowhydoyouworkforthepeople?YiYinthoughthewouldkillthesoup,BaiLixithoughthewouldkillMuGong.Captive,shame;slaughter,shame.
Beinghumiliatedandtakingovertheking,thewisemenareworriedabouttheworld.However,thereisnosuchthingasasage,anditisnotdifficulttofindasage.Moreover,theofficialposition,sotheappointmentisalso;Juelu,sotherewardisalso.Establishanofficialposition,ChenJuelu,andthescholarisself-reliant.Itmakespeopleunremarkable.Althoughthehostmakesaperson,hemustmeasureitandrefertoitinthenameofpunishment;Receivingministersundercriminalname?Underthestandardofmeasurement,thisisinexcusable.Howcantheemperorbelost?
Ifyoudon’twork,youdon’tlosepeople,butHuanGongsaid:"Workingonpeople,losingpeopletopeople",otherwise.?Andit'snotdifficultforHuanGongtobeincharge.GuanZhongdidnotdiehisemperorandreturnedtoHuanGong,andBaoShuwaslightlyappointedbytheofficials.ItisnotdifficultforHuanGongtomanageZhong.Afterbeingincharge,howeasyisXiJun?GuanZhongfeiZhouGongdan.?ZhouGongdanwastheemperorforsevenyears,andbecameWangZhuang,andhewasgiventhegovernment.Ahusbandwhodoesnottakehissonandwalksintheworld?Hewhodoesnottakehissonandwalksintheworldwillnotbehisenemy;ifhetakeshissonbutishisenemy,hewillnotbedifficulttoseizehissonandwalkintheworld;Itisdifficulttoseizeitsmonarchy.GuanZhong,theprincetocorrecttheminister,murderedHuanGongbutcouldn’t.ThekingdiedbuthisministerHuanGong,GuanZhong’schoicewasnotZhouGongdan,whichisnotknown.
IfGuanZhongDaxianisalsoknownasTangWu,JieandZhouarealsoministers;ifJieandZhoumakechaos,TangandWuseizethem.Today,HuanGongisaboveitwithease,anditisaboveTangandWuwithJieandZhou'strips.HuanGongisindanger.IfGuanZhongisnotaman,heisTianChang.TianChang,JianGong'sminister,butkilledhisemperor.?Today,HuanGongisonthetopofitwithease,andJianGongisonthetopofthefield.HuanGongisalsodangerous.GuanZhongisnotknownasZhouGongdan,butTang,WuandTianChang.ForTangandWu,therearedangersofJieandZhou;forTianchang,thereisalsothechaosofJianGong.AftergettingthefatherofZhong,howeasyisit?IfHuanGong'sappointmentisincharge,hemustknowthathewillnotdeceivehimself,andhewillbeaministerwhoknowsnottodeceivetheLord.Althoughheknowsthathedoesn’tdeceivetheLord’sministers,todayHuanGongusesthetermofGuanZhongzhitoerectandchangeteeth,sothatthewormsflowoutofthecorpseandnotbeburied.Special,therefore:HuanGongdarkmaster.
Sixth
LiDuizhiZhongshanhasalotofmoneyfromtheorderofsuffering.LiDuisaid:"Languagediscriminates,listenstowhatyousay,?Don'tsaverighteousness,itiscalledstubbornness.Iftherearenomountains,forests,valleysandmorebenefits,itiscalledstubbornness.Gentlemendonotlistentostubbornness,andarenotimmunetostubbornness."Myauntisfree."
Orsaid:LiZisetuparemark:"Thehusband'sspeechdebate,listentowhatissaid,andwhoeverdoesnotsaverighteousness,itissaidthatitisinjustice.?"Debate,whoisspeaking;Speakingtothelistener:thewordisnotthelistener.Theso-callednotsavingrighteousnessisnotalistener,itmustbealistener.?Thelistenerisnotavillain,butalsoagentleman.Thevillainisnotrighteous,andhewillnotbeabletosavetherighteousness;thegentlemanwhosavestherighteousnessmustrefusetosayit.Thehusbandsaid:"Whoeverargueswithwords,listenstowhatissaid,doesnotsaverighteousness",hewillnotbesincere.Ifyoubuytoomuch,youcan’tgofar.Plumsareforbiddentotreacherousfleas,soastotricks,theywillpass.Notechniqueentersmorebyknowing,andthosewhoentermore,RangYe,eventhoughitisdoubled,whatwillitdo?Becautiousaboutthebalanceofyinandyang,andthefourseasonsofplantingtreesaresuitable.Donotusesmallmeritstohindermajortasks,donotuseselfishdesirestoharmpeople,husbandsdotheirbesttofarm,andwomendomoreforweaving.Fortheprinciplesofanimalhusbandry,andfortheappropriatenessoftheland,thesixanimalswillreproduceandthefivegrainswillproducemore.?Knowtheweights,examinethebenefitsofterrain,boats,vehicles,andmachinery.Ifyouuselessforce,ifyoumakealotofwork,youwillgetmore.InatriptotheLiangshangCityofLishangCity,youcanuseeverythingtodonothing,returnthemerchants,savetheforeigngoods,savemoney,savefoodandclothing,usethepalaceequipmenttospendmoremoney,don'tplaywell,thenbuymore.Manypeopleenterthemarket.Iftheweather,windandrain,thecoldandtemperate,thelanddoesnotincrease,butthereisagoodharvest,thenmore.Personnel,heavenlymeritsandtwothingsareallinalot,butitisnotthebenefitofmountains,forests,andvalleys.?Husbandshavenomountains,forests,andvalleys.
Seven
ZhaoJianziencircledanddefendedYunGuo,rhinoshieldandrhinoscull,standinginthereachofthearrow,butnotthedrum.?JianZitouyansaid:"Wow!Myfellowscountbadthingstoo.?"Thepedestrianspassedthecandlestoavoidthem,andsaid:"Theministerheard:Therearealsopeoplewhocan'tteachears,andpeoplewhodon'thavebad.XianjunXiangongmergedthecountrywithseventeen,servingthecountrythirty-eight,fightingtenhastwovictories,itisforthepeople.Xiangongdidnot,HuiGongascendedthethrone,prostitutionriots,goodjadewomen,Qinpeopleinvade,gotoJiangshiQili,?Isalsoforhumanuse.Huigongdidnot,WenGongtaughtit,encircledguards,tookYe,thebattleofChengpu,fivedefeatedJingren,?Ifyouhaveamonarch,youcan’tuseears,andthereisnothingwrongwithascholar."JianZiistogototheshieldandthescull,tostanduptothepointofthestone,tousethedrumandthesoldiertotakeadvantageofit,andwinthebattle.JianZisaid:"It’sbettertohaveathousandrideswithme?It’sbettertohearpedestrians."
Orsay:pedestrianshavenotsaidit,butDaoHuigongislikethis.Incaseofdefeat,WenGongisthetyrantwiththisperson.JianZicouldnotrushtotheshieldandLuYe.Strictlycloserelatives,lightlyoffendthearrow,andthelovedonesofthefilialson.?Dutifulsonlovesrelatives,oneofthehundreds.Nowthatpeopleareindanger,peoplecanstillfight?Itisbecausethesonsofahundredracesareliketheloveoffilialsons,itisthefalsehoodofpedestrians.Goodandevil,themadamownsit.Rewardisthickandbelieve,andpeoplewilllighttheenemy;thepunishmentisheavybutsure,anditisnotworthlosing.Inthelongwalk,hundredsofthemarenotlost;ifyouarehappy,youareafraidofsin.?Therearenoexceptionstothenumberofpeople,andthereisnowaytolosepeople,andpeopledonotknowthewayofthepeople.
Translation
一
QiJinggongvisitedYanziandsaid,"Yourhouseistoosmallandclosetothemarket.PleasemoveyourhousetoYuzhang"Gotothegarden."YanZisaidaftertwobows,"Myfamilyispoor.Irelyonthemarkettobuyfoodandeat.Ihavetogotothemarketsoonerorlater.Ican'tstayfaraway."JingGongsaidwithasmile:"Yourfamilyisfamiliarwiththemarket,whatdoyouknow?Whatisexpensiveandcheap?"Atthistime,JingGongwaspunishedwithmanypunishments.Yanzireplied,"Peoplewithbrokenfeetwearexpensiveshoes,butordinaryshoesarecheap."Jinggongsaid,"What'sthereason?"Yanzireplied,"Therearetoomanypunishments."Jinggong'sfacechangedinsurpriseandsaid,"I'mprobablytoocruel!"Sofivepenaltiesweresubtracted.
Someonesaid:Yanzisaidthathewasexpensive,nothissincerewords,butwantedtousethistopersuadeJingGongnottousemorepunishment.Thisishisfaultfornotknowinghowtogovernthecountry.Thepenaltiesarenottoomuch,andimproperpenaltiesarenotrare.Yanzididn'ttellJinggongwithimproperpunishment,butpersuadedJinggongwithtoomuchpunishment.Thiswasafaultofnotknowingmagic.Althoughthenumberofpeoplekilledbythedefeatedarmyiscountedbyhundredsofthousands,theystillcontinuetoflee;evenifthepunishmentforcurbingthechaosisnotenough,theevilspiritscannotbeeliminated.NowYanZidoesn'tinvestigatewhetherJingGong'spunishmentisusedproperly,butusestoomuchpunishmenttopersuadeJingGong,isn'titridiculous?Cherishthatchwilldamagethecrops,andtoleratethieveswillharmthegoodpeople.Toreducethepenaltyandimplementleniencyistofacilitateevilandharmgoodpeople.Thisisnotawaytogovernthecountry.
Two
QiHuangonglosthishatafterdrinkingandgettingdrunk.Hefeltashamedanddidnotgotocourtforthreedays.GuanZhongsaid:"Thisistheshameofbeingamonarch.Whydon'tyouhavetodoagoodjobofpoliticstowashitaway?"HuanGongsaid,"Whatagoodopinionyouhave!"People.Afterthreedays,thepeoplesang:"WhyHuanGongdoesn'tlosehishatanymore!"Someonesaid:GuanZhongwashedawaytheshameofHuanGonginthevillain,butcultivatedtheshameofHuanGonginthegentleman.IfHuanpubliclyhelpedthepoorandcensoredtheprisonerstoletgoofthemisdemeanor,ifitisnotrighteous,thentheshamecannotbewashedaway;ifitisrighteous,thefatherHuandoesnotdoitintime,butwaitsuntilheloseshishat.So,isn’tHuanGong’srighteousactjustbecausehelosthishat?Inthisway,eventhoughtheshameoflosingahatiswashedawayfromthevillain,theshameofinjusticeisgrownamongthegentleman.What'smore,openingastorehousetohelpthepoorisrewardingthosewhohavedonenothing;censoringprisonerstoletgoofminorcrimesisnotpunishingtheguilty.Byrewardingtheunsuccessful,thepeoplewillbeluckytogetunexpectedrewardsfromthemonarch;iftheguiltyisnotpunished,thepeoplewilleasilydoevilwithoutpunishment.Thisistherootofthecountry’schaos.Howcanitbeusedtowashawaytheshame?
Three
Inthepast,theKingWeninvaded,conquered,andseizedtheland.Afterthreethings,ArousedthedisgustofKingZhou.TheKingWenwasveryafraidandaskedforthelandtothewestofLuoshui,athousandmilesintheareaofRedEarth,tobededicatedtoKingZhou,inordertorequesttheabolitionofthistorture.Peopleallovertheworldareveryhappy.WhenConfuciusheardit,hesaid,"WangWenissokind!Hedoesnotvaluethelandofthousandsofmilesandasksfortheabolitionofthepunishmentofgunfire.ThekingofWenissoclever!Givethelandofthousandsofmilestowintheheartsoftheworld."
Someonesaid,“Isn’titwrongforConfuciustothinkthatKingWenissmart?Asmartpersonissomeonewhoknowswherethedisasterisandavoidsit,sohewon’tsufferdisasterhimself.IfKingWenishatedbyKingZhou,thereasonisbecauseKingWenisunpopular,soevenifKingWenseekstodispelKingWen’shatred,it’sokay.KingWenhateshimbecauseKingWenissopopular,andheeasilygivesuplandtowinpeople’shearts,whichmakesKingWenevenmoresuspicious.Becauseofthis,hewasputonatortureinstrumentandimprisonedinYili.ElderZhengoncesaid:"ApersonwhocanunderstandandpracticetheTaoisdoingnothingandshowingnothing."ThisisthemostapplicabletoKingWen.Thiswillpreventpeoplefromdoubtinghim.ConfuciusbelievesthatKingWenissmartandhasnotreachedthelevelofZheng'sargument.
Four
JinpingGongaskedShuxiang:"Inthepast,QiHuangongjoinedtheprincesmanytimestorectifytheworld.Iwonderifitdependsonthepowerofthecourtiersorthepowerofthemonarch?ShuXiangreplied:"GuanZhongisgoodatcutting,BinXuisnotgoodatsewing,XiPengisgoodattrimming,theclothesarefinished,andthemonarchpicksthemupandputsthemon.Thisisthepowerofthecourtiers,whatpowerdidthemonarchexert?ShiKuanglayonthepianoandlaughed.PingGongsaid,"Whatisthemasterlaughingat?""ShiKuangreplied:"IlaughedatUncleXiangtoanswerthemonarch'swords.Anyonewhoisacourtierislikeachefwhohaspreparedthefiveflavorsforthemonarchtoeat.Ifthemonarchdoesnoteat,whodarestoforcehim?Letmemakeananalogy:themonarchisliketheland,andthecourtierislikethegrass.Thelandmustbefertile,andthenthevegetationwillflourish.Thisisthepowerofthemonarch,whatpowerdidthecourtiersexert?"
Somepeoplesay:ShuXiangandShiKuang'sanswersareallone-sided.Rightingtheworld,meetingwiththeprincesmanytimes,isthebiggestinagoodcause.Itisnotonlythepowerofthemonarch,northeministersalone.Inthepast,themiracleofthepalacewasinthecountryofYu,andtheresponsibilityofthecountrywasinthecountryofCao.Thetwocourtiersweresotalentedthattheycouldmakeallthewordsspokeninaccordancewiththefactsandtheiractionsinaccordancewiththeutility.WhatwasthereasonwhybothYuandCaofinallyperished?What?Thisisbecausetherearegoodcourtiersbutnogoodmonarchs.Besides,whenUncleJianwasinYuState,YuStatewasdestroyed.AfterQinState,QinStatedominates.ItisnotthatJianShuisstupidinYuState,butheissmartwhenhearrivesinQinState,butdependsonthedecision.Isthereagoodmonarch?ShuXiangsaidthatit’swrongtorelyonthepowerofhiscourtiers.Inthepast,thereweretwomarketsintheHuanGongPalace,wherewomenlivedin200places,andHuanGongbeatenhisheadtoplaywithwomen.HegotGuanZhongandbecamethefirstofthefivehegemony.PeoplewholoseGuanZhong,getridiculeanddiethemselves,maggotscrawloutofthedoorandcannotbeburied.Ifyouthinkitisnotthepowerofacourtier,youcan’tsaydominatebecauseofGuanZhong;ifyouthinkit’sthepowerofamonarch,youcan’ttalkaboutitbecauseInthepast,JinWengongfellinlovewithQi’sdaughteranddidnotwanttogobacktoChina.HuYantriedhisbesttopersuadehimtoreturntoJin.Therefore,QiHuangongjoinedtheprincesbecauseofGuanZhong,andJinWengongruledtheworldbecauseofthefoxweir.Itisalsowrongtosaythatthisisduetothepowerofthemonarch.AlltheSpringandAutumnFiveHegemonshavesucceededinbecomingfamousintheworldbecausethemonarchsandofficialshavecontributedtheirefforts.So:ShuxiangandShiKuang'sanswersareallone-sided.
Five.
WhenQiHuangongarrived,theguestsfromtheJincountryarrived.Theofficialinchargeofreception,mayIaskwhatetiquettetouse.Huangongsaidthreetimes,"TellZhongfuandGuanZhongtogo."Yourensmiledandsaid,"Doit."Themonarchissoeasy!OneofZhongfu's,twoZhongfu's."HuanGongsaid:"Iheardthatitisverylaborioustobeamonarchtofindtalents,anditiseasytousepeople."IhavealreadyworkedhardtogetZhongfu.AfterIgetZhongfu,whycan'titbeeasy?"
Somepeoplesay:HuanGong’sanswertoYouren’swordsisnotlikewhatamonarchshouldsay.HuanGongthinksthatthemonarchisstrugglingtofindtalents.Whatistheefforttofindtalents?YiYingoestocookXiangShangtangbyhimself.Toofferadviceandaskforappointment,BaiLixihimselfwenttobeacaptiveandofferedadvicetoQinMugongforappointment.Itisashametobeacaptive,andashametobeacook.Itisshamefultobeapproachedtothemonarchbecausethewisemanisveryanxiousabouttheworld.ThenItisenoughforthemonarchnottorejectthewiseman.Itisnotdifficultforthemonarchtoseekthewiseman.Moreover,theofficialpositionisusedtoappointthewiseman,andthejueluistorewardthemerit.Settingtheofficialpositionandarrangingthejuelu,thetalentwillcometothemonarch.Whatistheeffort?Theuseofpeopleisnoteasy.Althoughthemonarchisusingpeople,theymustbemeasuredbythelaw,andtheymustbetestedbytheirnameandreality;thingsarecarriedoutiftheyareinaccordancewiththelaw,andiftheyarenotinaccordancewiththelaw,theyareforbidden;Ifyoudon’tmatch,youwillbepunished.Youcan’tgiveupifyouchooseacourtierwithanamethatmatchesyournameandmeasureyourcourtiersbythedegreeofusage.HuanGongsaidthat"itislaborioustoseektalents,andtousetalentscomfortably."Thisisnotright.Moreover,itisnotdifficultforHuanGongtogetGuanZhong.GuanZhongdoesnothelphisprotagonisttocorrecthislife,butBaoShudoesnotvaluehispositionandgivesittohim.GuanZhongisatalentedperson.ItisnotdifficultforHuanGongtogetGuanZhong.Itisveryclear.AfterhehasobtainedGuanZhong,wherecanhebetakenlightly?GuanZhongisnotZhouGongdan.ZhouGongdanhasactedfortheemperorforsevenyears.Afterbecomingaking,hewillgrowup.Hehandedoverthepowertotheking.ZhouGongdanwasnotthinkingaboutgainingtheworldforhimself,butinordertoperformhisduties.ThosewhodonotusurpthethroneoftheyoungemperorandruletheworldwilldefinitelyrefusetobetraythedeceasedemperortoservethefirstTheenemyoftheemperor;thosewhobetraythefirstemperorandservetheemperor’senemiesmustnotbedifficulttoseizethethroneoftheyoungemperorandruletheworld;thosewhoarenotdifficulttoseizetheemperor’sthroneandruletheworldmustnotbedifficulttoseizetheemperor’sThecountry.GuanZhongisGongzijiao’scourtier.HemurderedHuanGongbutdidn’tsucceed.Hismasterdied,andhewenttobeHuanGong’scourtier.GuanZhong’schoicewasnotlikeZhouGongdan,butitwasknown.IfGuanZhongwasagreatsage,heWillbecomeShangTangandZhouWuWang.ShangTangandWuWangwerethecourtiersofXiaJieandShangZhou;XiaJieandShangZhouwereinpoliticalchaos,andShangTangandWuWangseizedtheirthrone.NowHuanGongislightlyaboveGuanZhong.ThisislikehavingthesamebehaviorasJieandZhouandbeingaboveTangandWu.HengGongisverydangerous.IfGuanZhongdedoesnotdowell,hewillbecomeTianChang.TianChangisQiJianGong’scourtier,andhekillshim.ThemonarchJianGong.NowHuanGongislightlyaboveGuanZhong,whichislikeJianGonglightlyaboveTianChang,HuanGongisverydangerous.GuanZhongisnotZhouGongdan,itisalreadyclear,buthewilldoTangandWuIt’sstillaTianchang,butit’snotknown.Ifyoumakesoupandmartialarts,HuanGongwillbeindangerofbeingjealous,andifyouareTianChang,HuanGongwillbethedisasterofJianGong.AfteryouhaveobtainedGuanZhong,wherecanHuanGongbetakenlightly?Whatif?WhenHuanGongappointedGuanZhong,hedidknowthathewouldnotdeceivehimself,provingthatHuanGongcouldidentifythesubjectswhodidnotdeceivethemonarch.ButeventhoughHuanGongAbletoidentifycourtierswhodonotdeceivethemonarch.NowheuseserectionsandeasyteethlikehetrustedGuanZhong,sothatafterdeath,themaggotscrawledoutofthedoorandcouldn'tbeburied.ItwasalreadyclearthatHuanGongcouldnotdistinguishwhetherhissubjectsweredeceivingtheLordornot,andhisappointmentofsubjectswassospecific,sohesaid:HuanGongisadullandconfusedmonarch.
Six
LiKegovernedZhongshan,andtheKuxingcountymagistratereportedalotofmoneyandfoodattheendoftheyear.LiKesaid:"Thewordsarepleasanttohear,buttheyarenotinlinewithcommonsense.Thiskindofremarksiscalledsimplification.Ifthereisnonaturalresourcessuchasmountains,forests,riversandothernaturalresources,thiskindofincomeiscalledslogan.,Youwon’tbestubborn.Let’sgetridofyourposition."
Someonesaid:LiKe’sargumentsaid:"Thelanguageisbeautiful,itmakespeoplelikeit,butit’snotinlinewithcommonsense.Words."Soundingornotlisteningliesinthepersonwhospeaks,andlikingordislikingliesintheobedientperson:thepersonwhospeaksisnottheobedientperson.Theso-calledunreasonablespeechdoesnotrefertotheobedientperson,butmustrefertothewordsheard.Theobedientpersoniseitheravillainoragentleman.Thevillaindoesnotunderstandcommonsenseandmustnotusecommonsensetomeasureit;agentlemanusescommonsensetomeasureit,andhewilldefinitelynotliketousecommonsensetomeasureit.Theso-called"speechispleasanttohear,butitisnotinlinewithcommonsense",itmustbeunreliable.Earningsareoftencalledthingoods,whichdoesnotmakesenseeverywhere.LiKedidnotbanthetreacherousbehaviorearly,andwaiteduntiltheendoftheyeartoreportit.ItwasLiKe'sfault.LiKehasnowaytounderstandthesituationandonlyknowsthathisincomeishigher;thehigherhisincomeisbecauseofthebumperharvest.Whatifhehasdoubledhisincome?Farmingconformstonaturalchanges,andplantingisarrangedinareasonablemanneraccordingtothefourseasons.Thereisnomistakeinplantingearlyorlate,andthedisasterofcoldandhotweather,andtheincomewillbemore.Thereisnoneedfortrivialmatterstohinderimportanttasks,noselfishdesirestohinderfarmingandweaving.Mendotheirbesttofarmandwomenmakemoremoney.Payattentiontotheprincipleofraisinglivestock,andplantthemreasonablyaccordingtotheconditionsoftheland.Ifthesixanimalsareprosperousandthegrainsarereproducedwell,theincomewillbemore.Begoodatweighingcalculations,thoroughlyunderstandthefunctionsofterrain,boats,vehicles,andmachinery.Withlesseffort,thebenefitsaregreater,andtheincomeisgreater.Makebusinesscities,gates,andbridgesconvenientandeasytopass.Theycanexchangewhattheyalreadyhaveforthingstheydon’thave.Whenmerchantshearthewind,storeforeigngoods,savemoney,savefoodandclothing,andpalaceroomsandutensilsarepractical.Ifyoudon'tcovetpreciousplaythings,youcanearnmore.Theincreaseinincomeistheresultofman-made.Asforthesituationinnature,thewindandrainaretimely,thecoldandwarmaresuitable,thelanddoesnotincrease,butthereisabumperyear,andtheincomeismore.People'seffortsandtheroleoftimecanincreaseincomeinthesetwoaspects,andtheyarenotthebenefitsofmountainsandforests.Notbecauseofthebenefitsprovidedbythemountains,forestsandrivers,andtheincomeislarge,buttocallthemstalegoods,itisastatementthatdoesnotunderstandmagic.
Seven
ZhaoJianzisurroundedtheoutercityofthecapitaloftheWeiKingdom,holdingalargeandsmallshieldmadeofrhinoleather,standinginplaceswherearrowsandrollingstonescouldnotreach,drummingforward,butthesoldiersdidNotresponding.Jianzithrewthedrumsticksandsaid,"Oh!Mysoldieristiredsosoon."Thediplomattookoffhishelmetandreplied,"Iheard:Onlythemonarchcanusesoldiers,andsoldiersdon'tgettired.Inthepast,ourancestor,JinXiangong,annexed17countries,forced38countriestoobey,andfought12victories,usingthesepeople.Xiangongdied,Huigongascendedthethrone,hewaslicentious,cruelandconfused,Likebeautifulwomen,theQinpeopleinvadedwantonly,only17liawayfromJiangcheng,thecapitalofJin,andthesepeoplewereused.Huigongdied,WenGonginheritedthethrone,besiegedthecountry,andobtainedYedi;inthebattleofChengpu,hedefeatedChufivetimesThearmy,whohasgainedthenameoftheoverlordintheworld,stillusesthesepeople.Onlythemonarchcannotusewarriors,andnowarriorswillbetired.”SoJianZitookdowntheshieldsandstoodwherearrowsandrollingstonescouldreach.Beatingthedrumsandforgingahead,thesoldiersheardtheresponseandwonabigvictory.JianZisaid:"Iwouldhaveheardsomethingfromthediplomatinsteadofgettingathousandsoldiers."
Somepeoplesay:Thediplomatdidn’tcomeinwithanyreason.ItjustsaidthatJinHuisharedthesepeopleandfailed,andJinWensharedthesepeopleforhegemony,anddidn'tpointouthowtoemploypeople.Jianzishouldn'thavelosttheshieldssoquickly.Thefatherissurrounded,andthesonisnotafraidofthedangerofarrowsandrollingstonestosave,becausethefilialsonlovesthefather.Afilialsonloveshisfather,onlyoneinahundredpeople.Nowthatthemonarchisindangerandthefighterscanstillfight,itmeansthatthefightersbelongingtoeachclantreatthemonarchlikeadutifulsonandlovehisfather.Thisisalieofadiplomat.Goodandevilareinherentinhumannature.Peoplearenotafraidoftheenemyiftheyarerewardedwithmanyrewardsandkeeptheirpromises;ifthepunishmentisheavyandmustbecarriedout,peoplewillnotdaretoflee.Sacrificingoneselfwithouthesitationforthemonarch,thereisnooneoutofhundredsofpeople;noonewholikestoberewardedbutafraidofcrimeisnotlikethis.Thepersoninchargeofthesoldiersdoesnotusethenecessaryskills,andbasedonthebehaviorthatnooneinahundredcando,itshowsthatthediplomatdoesnotknowhowtousethesoldiers.
Abouttheauthor
HanFeizi(about280BC-233BC),HanFei,wasthesonofaKoreanmonarch,aKoreanattheendoftheWarringStatesperiod,afamousancientChinesephilosopher,thinker,andpoliticalcommentatorWriterandessayist,themasterofLegalistthought,laterknownas"HanZi"or"HanFeizi",therepresentativeofthefamousancientChineselegalistthought.Hisbookis"HanFeizi".