cell characteristics
mature cell life blood system is extremely short, so the person's life, the hematopoietic stem cells need to physiological needs of the body in a timely supplement each mature cellular components of the blood system . While under stress injury, inflammation, hematopoietic stem cells also play adjusting and maintaining the cellular components of the blood system of each balance physiological role. 1961 Till JE, McCulloch EA vivo mouse spleen colony by first confirmed the presence of hematopoietic stem cells. In the 1980s, Weissman and other laboratories have a plurality of markers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells isolated from different stages of highly purified cell surface. In the study of mouse hematopoietic stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells are isolated marker characteristic Lineage Sca-1c-kit or metabolism of cells (side population cells) achieved by means of a flow cytometer cell surface. By introducing the nineties CD34 cell surface marker to distinguish between mouse hematopoietic stem cells and long-term and short-term hematopoietic stem cells. In the twenty-first century, based SLAM family molecule (CD41, CD48 and CD150) further enriched hematopoietic stem cells, hematopoietic stem SLAM molecule-expressing cells is relatively stable, and can be applied widely to various strains of mice. Human HSC surface markers also synchronize development, more extensive use of human hematopoietic stem cell surface markers as LineageCD34CD38.
and tumor Relationship
Most of leukemia, particularly acute marrow leukemia (AML) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) occurs, are directly or indirectly associated with abnormal hematopoietic stem cells . CML is the most classic chromosome translocation results in a kind of common malignant hematopoietic stem cell leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia most other directly derived from the malignant progenitor cells. Hematopoietic stem cells obtained after chromosomal translocation first major causative mutation, but does not affect the ability to differentiate into mature cells of normal function, when chromosome translocation differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, or downstream thereof to obtain a second hit, It would lead to leukemia.
hematopoietic stem cells in a solid tumor microenvironment regulation also has a role, such as prostate tumor cells mimicking molecules signals of hematopoietic stem cells into hematopoietic microenvironment, and causing hematopoietic stem cell expression profile changes in force hematopoietic stem cells exit, hematopoietic cells can also leave the mobility related molecules expressed hematopoietic microenvironment, leading to tumor metastasis.
clinical therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is widely used in blood diseases and autoimmune diseases, in the treatment of other solid tumors, such as lymphoma, germ cell tumors, breast cancer, small-cell lung cancer, the main application failure to conventional therapy or refractory and relapsed patients with poor prognostic factors.