Specific Meaning
Ship transports the route of the sailing on the ocean. Also known as sea transport line. Including maritime routes and ports, hydraulic buildings and various navigation support facilities for maritime transportation services.
Offshore route is the sea navigation route of the ship in two places. The route is generally referring to the route of the two places, which is generally naming, such as China to Canada's Chinese, Shanghai to Wenzhou's Shenwen route; narrowly refers to the specific track line, including painting in the chart Planned route. The specific route of each voyage should be based on the geography, hydrology, meteorology and other conditions of the navigation task and the navigation area, as well as the status of the ship (see navigation).
The world's main international shipping routes are atlantic routes, Pacific routes and Indian Ocean routes. The three ocean routes are connected through the Suez Canal (or the Good Hope), the Panama Canal (or Magellan Strait, Hengjiao) and the Malacca Channel (or His Channel) to form a global route.
Main meaning
Maritime traffic line is the lifeline of the sea transportation in the country, which is of great significance for maritime combat and economic development. During the war, transport military, weapons and equipment and various replenishment materials were transported to the aquatish traffic line, and they had a determination role in ensuring the continued combat capabilities of the army.
The characteristics of sea transportation is that the transportation is large, not easy to hide, and it is easy to attack. Therefore, during the war period, the hostilities of the two sides surrounded by the guarantee of maritime transportation and the intense struggle. Usually manifestations: mutual attacks, the other party escort transport team and various transport ships; blocking sea traffic throat; attacking or destroying the other port facilities and transporting vessels; organizing the escort transport team and establish a reliable warning, covering system; destroying or expelled The other parties on the route are all kinds of blockade, organizational base, port defense, etc.
Basic species
Heavy direction route: a route intertwined with the angle of the longitudinal line, also known as an equal route. The hemitable route is a spiral curve on the surface of the earth, gradually approaching the ground. However, it appears to be a straight line on the ink cartoa chart, which is convenient for the sea map and sailing steering. Although the Heavy direction route is not the shortest route, it is used in low latitude or in the near sea, along with the sea.
Big round route: Route along the large arc is the shortest distance between the two points of the ground, which is suitable for a long range, leaping the latitude, and the ocean sailing across the situation. The cross-section of the large circle is not equal. Railing along the big circle, except along the equator or long, must constantly change the direction, the steering is inconvenient. In fact, the large circle route is divided into several sections by means of a certain degree space, such as 5 ° or 10 °, or by a day or a half day, and saving each paragraph.
Mixed route: a route for a large circle and a latitude line or a constant route. Limit latitude refers to latitude in some season or regional ships that should not exceed. The limit latitude line is to limit the ship to high latitudes in the presence of icebergs and harsh weather. The ideal minimum mixing route is the first end of the route to a large arc that is tangent and a large arc that is related to the limit latitude circle, respectively, and the mid-section is a limit latitude ring.
Recommended route: Navigation, according to the wind, flow, waves, fog, ice, etc. in different seasons, etc., through long-term navigation practice, in the custom route, based on the custom route, through the summary and routed Guide and other nautical books are recommended to the route of the nautical, called the recommended route. The climate route is a kind of recommended route, which is based on multi-year hydrology, meteorological features, summarized the route recommended in the quarter or monthly. Many years of hydrology, weather characteristics are the weather encountered with a specific voyage, and the sea conditions may have a large difference, so the climate route has a large limit, only as a reference. With the development of short-term weather and market conditions and the progress of communication methods, the weather routes (see meteorological navigation) have gradually replaced climate routes for a specific voyage. Meteorological routes are a daily recommended route. Near Sea recommended route is printed on the corresponding chart. Sailing on this route can utilize easy-to-identify islands, reef groups, navigation facilities to master the ship, avoiding stranding or reés.
Agreement route: Some shipping countries or shipping units avoid weather and marine environments with harm to navigation, avoid collision and facilitating rescue, in some fog, more foggy, more than ship rendezvous There are many regions of the opportunity, negotiating the routes common to different seasons. At the same time, it is recommended to use the ship that does not participate in the agreement is carried out as appropriate.
Specify routes: national or region to maintain navigation safety, some routes that must be followed in the past ships in some areas or straits. International Maritime Organizations announced by the branch system (see ship custom line navigation) is an international standard route.
Main route
Pacific route
(1) Far East --- North America West Coast route This route includes from China, North Korea, Japan and Soviet Union Downtown to Canada , US, Mexico and other trade transport lines in Hong Kong, North America.
(2) Far East --- Caribbean, North American East Coast Route The route arrives after the Hawaii Islands north and south to Panama Canal. (3) Far East - South America West Coast routes from the vessel departure from the North China Coastal Sea, south of Siku, Wick Island, the South of the Hawaiian Islands, entered the South Pacific, to the South American West Coast port.
(4) Far East --- Southeast Asia route This route is China, DPRK, Japanese cargo ship to Southeast Asia, and the main route from Hong Kong, the main port of the Atlantic coast. Donghai, Taiwan Strait, Bus Strait, South China Sea is the road to the route, the route is busy.
(5) Far East - Australia, New Zealand route Far East to the southeast coast of Australia is divided into two routes. The vessels of China North Coastal Harbor to the East Coast of Australia and New Zealand, you need to take the Ryukyus Tree Island, Yudao Island in the Carolin Islands enters Solomon Sea, Coral Lake; Container Ships between China and Macao needs to load or ship after Hong Kong Through the South China Sea, Surawesi Sea, Banda Sea, Allafla Sea, and then enter the Coral Sea through the Torres Strait. In the middle, Japan went to the West Coast route to the Philippines, the residents of the Philippines, the Tuxi Channel and the Dragon Channels entered the Indian Ocean.
(6) Australia, New - North American East West Coast route is reached in the Pacific Ocean, such as Suva, Hunlu, etc., and the Pacific Ocean. To the East Coast of North America, Papi in the social archipelago, from the Panama Canal.
Atlantic route
(1) Northwest Europe - North America East Coast route This route is the transportation of raw materials and product exchange between the two world industries in Western Europe, North America. Line, transport is extremely busy, most of the ship walks the northern large circle. The fire waves in the navigation area, and there is a strong fog, iceberg, and threatened sailing safety.
(2) Northwest Ou, North American East Coast --- Caribbean route northwestern Europe - the Caribbean route is more than half of the British Pli Channel. It is generally Mona to enter the Caribbean Sea with Ship from Hong Kong, North America. In addition to Honglei Sea along the port of the Caribbean, you can also reach the Panama Canal to the port of Jama.
(3) Northwest Europe, North America East Coast --- Mediterranean, Suez Canal --- Asia Pacific route Northwest Ou, North America East Coast --- Mediterranean --- Suez route is the world's busiest segment It is a shortcut to the trade exchange between North America, Northwest Europe and Asia Pacific. The route generally passes the terminal on Azores, the Madeira Islands.
(4) Northwest European, Mediterranean --- South American East Coast Route This route is generally treated by West African Islands - Terminal on Gatron, Cape Verde Islands.
(5) Northwest European, North America East China Sea - Good Hope, Far East Route This route is generally a giant tanker route. Cape Verde Islands, the Canary Islands is the main terminal of the vessel docked.
(6) South American East China Sea --- Good Hope --- Far East Route This is a transport line mainly based on oil and ore. The route is in the western wind rafting sea area, the wind is large. Generally, Xihang is northbound, China Eastern Airlines is off.
Indian Ocean route
The Indian Ocean route is mainly the oil transport line, and there are many transit transportation of bulk goods.
(1) Persian Bay --- Good Hope --- Western Europe, North American route This route is mainly operated by super tankers and is the world's most important maritime oil transport line.
(2) Persian Bay --- Southeast Asia --- Japan route East World Taxi Strait (200,000 tons of heavyweight tonnes) or Long-eyed, Wangcao Strait (200,000 load tons Super tanker is feasible to Japan.
(3) Persian Bay - Suis Canal --- Mediterranean --- Western Europe, North American Transport line
This route can pass 30,000 ton super tankers.
In addition to the above three oil lines, the Indian Ocean other routes are: Far East --- Southeast Asia - East Africa route; Far East --- Southeast Asia, Mediterranean --- Northwest European route; Far East --- Southeast Asia --- Good Hope --- West Africa, South American route; Australian New - Mediterranean --- Northwest European route; Indian Ocean region - European route.
Yi European Road
is also known as the Suez Canal, connect Western Europe and Asia Pacific, passing through the Mediterranean, Suez Canal and Red Sea. After the Red Sea, it is divided into three routes. The first entry into the Persian Gulf, the second article through the Malacca Strait to Southeast Asia and East Asian countries, the third article is from the Red Sea or the Indian Ocean. It is a sea life line of Western countries export industrial products and import strategic materials.
African route
Before the Suez canal is chisel, it is the only sea channel from Europe to Southeast Asia, East Asia. This nail is still available through large tankers and bulk ships in the Suez Canal. It also stakeholders in Russia, India, Vietnam and other countries.
my country's Ocean route can be divided into four directions in the east, west, south, north in the main harbor. These routes link our country with the world's major economic zones. Among them:
Dongxing route is from east of my country to Japan, and arrived in North America and Latin America through the Japanese Tung Dai Pacific, and then reaches the Caribbean area through the Panama Canal. North America, East Coast of Latin America.
Nanbang route From my country's coastal port to Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Xiking route is a very important route, from the port of all portions of my country, and go through the Malaysia Strait to enter the Indian Ocean, pass the Red Sea, over the Suez Canal, The Mediterranean, the Grador Strait, before entering the Atlantic. There is also a route, through the Indian Ocean, bypass the good hopes in the southern end of Africa, enter the Atlantic. Westbound route Can Dainan, West Asia, Africa, European ports.
Northbound routes Mainly arrived in the harbor of North Korea, South Korea, Russia and other countries.
South-North America Airlines
is also known as the Panama Canal Way, is a shortcut to communicating Atlantic and the Indian Ocean, which has special significance for the contacuation of the US East and West coast and transporting Alaska's oil to the US East coast. . Venezuela's oil and iron ore, Brazil's coffee, Chile's copper, and the United States industrial products are more routed.
Container trunk
Main shipping container routes mainly: (1) Far East - North American route; (2) North America --- Europe, Mediterranean route; (3) Europe, Mediterranean --- Far East; (4) Far East --- Australian route; (5) Australia, New - North American route; (6) Europe, Mediterranean - West Africa, South Africa route.
Important case
"Maritime Gold High Speed Channel" Lianyungang Zhonghan fer ferruch channel
South Korea Pingshi and Lianyungang across the sea It is approximately 360 nautical miles from Seoul, 70 kilometers from Seoul, with a consumer market with 23 million people and more than 100 industrial parks. It has industrial clusters such as IT, automobile, home appliances, chemical, mechanical.
The International Maritime Transportation route between Lianyungang is open in November 2007, which is shipped by "China and South Korea". This is the third passenger car in the port of China's coastal port. route. The "Zi Yulan" round and "Chinese and Korean Star" round and "China-Korea Star" round and "China-South Korea" round, each week, has formed a scale effect of "one Hong Kong two lines and two ships". Lianyungang China and South Korea passenger goods shift opened in 10 years, accumulating 560,000 tanks and 970,000 people, South Korea Samsung, LG and other large enterprises have entered into from Lianyungang route more than 2,000 marked boxes, which laid a solid The basics.
In 15 Chinese and Korean passenger goods round routes, Lianyungang-Incheon route freight volume ranked second, Lianyungang-Pingshi route freight volume ranked seventh, became a veritable "sea gold high-speed channel".