Significance
Rubbertablet(6photos)
Rubbingtabletprovidestheconditionsfortheproductionofengravingandprinting.Essentialtools
1.Bletillastriata:BletillastriataissoldinChinesemedicinestores.Boilituntilitislikegluebeforeuse.Itshouldnotbetoothin.BuytwoorthreeBletillastriataatonetimetomakeoneortwolargeCoca-ColaBletillastriatawaterinplasticbottles.Bletillawatercanbepreparedonthesamedayorthedaybefore.Donotstoreitearlytoavoidlosingitsviscosity.
2.Brush:
Brushabrownbrush,beatthericepapertomakethetextindented,thehandwritingappears,thehairissoftandhardModerateenoughtoavoidinsufficientstrengthordamagethericepaper;twosofthairbrushes,usedforapplyingwhitestriatawaterandflatteningricepaper;onecleaningbrush,usedtoremovedustanddirtonthesurfaceofthemonument,andthehardnessofthehairshouldnotdamagethesurfaceofthemonument.
Twobrusheswithsoftbristles,usedforapplyingbletillastriatawaterandflatteningricepaper.
Onecleaningbrush,usedtoremovedustanddirtonthesurfaceofthemonument,andthehardnessofthehairshouldnotdamagethesurfaceofthemonument.
Three,extensionpackage:two.Wrapthecottonwithsilkclothandtieittightlyintoagarlicshape.Theuppersilkclothisknottedintoahandleandthelowerendisformedintoanoblateshape.Itisatopping.Thequalityshouldbeslightlyhardandflexible.(Theextensionpackagemustbetight).Oneisusedfordippinginkforrubbing;theotherisusedtoadjustthedrynessandwetnessoftheinkontherubbingrubbingbag,andeventheinkcolor.Aftermanytimesofuse,iftheclothsurfaceisstainedorpierced,itneedstobecleanedorremade;otherwise,therubbingswillbespottedwithink.
Four.Ink:Forcoloring,youcanuseSongyaninkorrefinedcalligraphyandpaintingink.Addalittlespicetotheinktogetridofthestenchofrubbings.
V.Xuanpaper:Longfiber,moderatethickness,andtoughness.Thepaperisaboutoneortwocentimetersaboveandbelowtheleftandrightsideofthemonumenttoberubbed.
6.Others:brushesforcleaning,basinsforinkandwhitewater,sprayguns,toiletpaper,rags,etc.
Method
FirstStage:Loadingpaper
1.Beforerubbingthemonument,thesurfaceofthemonumentmustbecleanedwithwater,andthemossmarksanddirtonthemonumentshouldbewashedawaytoavoidstainingtherubbing,andthenwaitforthesurfaceofthemonumenttodry.Ifthereisanoilysludgeseal,itcanberemovedwithaknifeordetergent,buttheculturalrelicsshouldnotbedamaged.
2.FirstbrushalayerofBletillastriatawateronthestele,anditmustbeevenlyspreadsothattherubbingpaperfirmlystickstothestelewithoutshifting.
3.Afterloadingthepaperfromtoptobottomandaligningthefourcorners,useasoftbrush(paintrollersarealsoavailable),fromtoptobottom,fromcentertoleftandright,frominsidetooutside,andatthesametimetodriveawaytheairtomakeThepaperadherescloselytothesurfaceofthestele,avoidingwrinkles.
Secondstage:vertebralextension
1.Tapwithabrownbrushtoindentthetext,butdon’tusetoomuchforcetopreventthepaperfrombreaking.Youcanaddapieceofcleanwhitepaperonthefirstsheetofpaperandthenbeatit.
2.Whenstriking,thestrengthshouldbeeven,neitherlightnorheavy.Eachwordcanberecessedbyabout0.5cm.Itcanbestruckverticallyorhorizontallyfromtoptobottom,andallthewordsareuniformlyrecessed.Finishedimmediatelyafterentering
Thethirdstage:Inking
1.Beforeinking,thedrynessandwetnessofthericepapermustbemoderate,andthepaperisslightlywhite.,Tobeabletoink.Ifitistoodry,airwilleasilypenetratebetweenthesteleandpaper,causingfloatingphenomenonandhandwritingtranslocation;ifitistoohumid,inkstainswilleasilypenetrateintothestele,therubbingswillbeblurred,andtheeffectoffaxwillbelost.
2.Wheninking,eachhandholdsarubbingbag,(takethedominanthandasanexample)thelefthandrubbingtheink,therighthandrubbingtheinkcolorofthelefthandrubbing,thetworubbingsbeateachother,thelefthandrubbingDiptheinktotherighthandtoextendthebagtomaketheinkcoloreven.Youcantestitonthepreparedpaperfirsttoseeifthecoloriseven.
3.Whentherubbingpaperis70%to80%dry,quicklyusetherubbingbagtogoupanddownandgraduallybeatitintensively.Therubbingbagmustbehitupanddown.Donothitleftorrightoruseexcessiveforce.Strikeeastandwest,mustbefromtoptobottomorfromlefttoright,andgraduallydenselyconnected.Continuously,lightlyandthenhorizontallyorfirstlyhorizontallyandthenvertically.Generallythreetimesuntilthewholetabletispainted.Thecoloringiscomplete.
4.Whentheinkisappliedforthefirsttime,theinkshouldbedryandlight,andthengraduallyincreasetheink.
Thefourthstage:removetherubbing
1.Thebesttimetoremovetherubbingiswhentherubbingiseighttonineminutesdry.Rubbingsarelesslikelytobedamagedandeasytoremove.Iftheyarestillwet,theyareeasytorupture.
Famousstelerubbings(8sheets)
2,thelargestelemustbeassistedbytwotothreepersonsbeforeremovingit,anditisperpendiculartothesurfaceofthestelefromtoptobottom.Liftitevenly,preparethenewspaperinadvance,placeitonaflatsurface,andletitdrynaturally.Iftherubbingisallowedtobaskinthesun,therubbingwillbecomeunevenandstiff.Excellentfeatures
1.Theinkcolorisuniformandblackandwhitearedistinct.
2.Thewritingisclearanddoesnotbleed.
3.Thehandwritingiscompleteandnotdeformed.
ThisisthecurseofChuintheQinStateduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.Thetwostonecarvingsandthestonedruminscriptionaretheearliestknownstoneinscriptions.TheoriginalstoneofthecurseofChuhasdisappearedshortlyafterbeingunearthedintheSongDynasty,buttoday’sdescendantsYoucanseetheartofpaintingandpreservationofancientcharactersintheQinperiod.
Precautionsinthefield
1.Payattentiontothechangesintheweather.Itisnotsuitableforconstructionifthewindistoostrongortoohot.
2,ifyouneedtoclimbarockwall,payattentiontosafety.
3.Alltherubbingtoolsmustbeprepared,pluscleaningtools,etc.mustbeprepared.
4.Anti-mosquitobitesormedicinesarerequired.
5.Ifyouaremakingrubbingsinatempleoracemetery,itisrecommendedthatyougivegiftsofthreesacrificesandfruits,whichareindispensable.
Preservationanduse
Iftherubbingrubbingsareobtainedthroughhardwork,itisapityiftheyarenotproperlypreservedandused.Thesuggestionsareasfollows:
1.NumberingAndrecords:Thetabletextensionneedstoberecordedindetail.Thenumber,location,time,textordrawings,style,content,wordcount,size,etc.mustberecordedindetail,whichisnotonlyconvenientforsortingandsearching,butalsoforpublishingandpublishing.
1.Mounting:Youcanextendthesteletothegoodmasterofmounterforfinemount.Nomatterhowgoodthesteleislikeapoolwithoutscriptures,itwillnotshowitsvalue.Therefore,itisveryimportanttoselectgoodmasters.
2.Itcanbeusedfordisplay,appreciation,orcopyingforlearningandteaching.Forexample,inthefieldvisitsofruralteachingcourses,iftherubbingpatternofthemonumentcanbeprintedbacktotheschooltocommunicatewitheachotherortostudysocialhistoryOrtoappreciatethebeautyofitscalligraphyisagooduse.
Difficulties
Whatisintheextensionpackage?
Thesilkclothisusedtowrapcottonintheextensionbag.
Whethertousetherawpropagandaorthefamiliarpropagandaoftherubbing?
Rawricepaperforrubbing.
Xuanpaperisakindofadvancedcalligraphyandcalligraphypaper.ItwasoriginallyproducedinJingCounty,XuanzhouintheTangDynasty,andwasdistributedinXuancheng,hencethename.XuanpapercanbedividedintocookedXuanandrawXuan.AddalumforcookedXuan,butwithoutaddingalumforrawXuan.Therubbingsareallannounced.Themainrawmaterialofricepaperissandalwoodbark.Thecharacteristicsofthispaperaremorelint,longfiber,softqualityandhightensileforce.Therearemanytypesofricepaper,suchascottonjoints,singleannouncements,fanjoints,heavysingleannouncements,etc.Mianlianisthethinnestkindofricepaper,withuniformqualityandstrongtoughness.Itissuitableforrubbingoraclebonecharacters,jadepatternsandslenderpictures.Itisthebestproductamongthepaper.Thethicknessofthesinglesheetisuniform,andthecurtainsonthebackcrossareprinted.Itisadvisabletouseobjectswithdeeprubbingpatternsandlargefonts,suchasinscriptions,epitaphs,tiles,andstonereliefs.Thepowderisbrittleinquality,weakintoughness,butthinandsmoothinquality,andcanbeusedforrubbingcoins,seals,etc.Heaviersingledeclaration,suitableforsupportingandmounting.Othersarenotricepaper,andshouldnotbeusedforrubbing.Theycanonlybeusedforwaterabsorption.
WhatshouldIdoifthepaperissoakedafterspreadingwater?
Useabrushorrollertosqueezeouttheblisters,orre-laythepaper.
Rubbingmethod
Therubbingrequirementsaredifferent,andtheinkingmethodisalsodifferent,whichhasformedavarietyofrubbings.Therearetwomaintypesofrubbings:rubbinginkrubbingandpomorubbing,aswellaswaxinkrubbing,inlaidrubbingandsoundrubbing.
Wipetheinkextensionmethod.Themaintoolisawipermadeoffinefelt.Thewipershouldberolledtightlyandseamtightly.Itisappropriatetoholditbyhand.Cutthelowerendofthefeltrollevenlyandflattenit.Spreadthewetpaperonthestele,smoothitwithabrownbrushandbrushhardtomakethepapertightlycovertherecess,andthenusethebristletomakeit.Smashtheminorder.Ifthestonecarvingisfirm,thepaperneedstobecoveredwithfeltandhitwithawoodenhammertomakethefinelinesofthepenclear.Becarefulnottohithardwithawoodenhammer.Afterthepaperisdry,diptheinkontherubbingboardwithapen,kneadtheinkevenlywithawiper,andrubtheinkonthepaper.Donotsoakthebackofthepaper.Maketheinscriptionblackandwhite.Wipeitblackthreetimes.
Pumokextensionmethod.Theflutterusedfortransmissionismadeofwhiteclothorsatin-coveredcottonandoiledpaper.Itislinedwithtwolayersofcloth,andoneendistiedintoagarlicheadshape.Accordingtotheneedsoftheinscriptionsandutensilstoberubbed,itcanbetiedintothreetypesofflutters:large,mediumandsmall.Spraythepuffbagwithwater,moistenit,useapendippedininktobrushontherubbingboard,andkneaditevenlywiththepuff.Pourtheinkonthesemi-drypaperagain.Theinkmustbeeveninthefirstpass,andtheinkmustbeblackandlightafterthefirstpass.
Waxinkextensionmethod.Mixpinetobaccoseedsandwaxtoformalargecake-shapedinkball.Pastedrypaperonthecarvedstoneandrubitwithlargewaxbiscuits,alsoknownasdrywipeink.Inareaswithseverecoldweatherorwetcaves,dry-eraseinkextensioncanbeused.
Inlayextensionmethod.Useasmallfluttertoexpandtheedgesofthebigcharactersfirst,andtheninlaythecompletemethod.Firstopenuptheedgeofthewordandpeelitoff,thenfillintheinkcompletely.ThiskindofextensionmethodisoftenusedfortheinscriptionsofMoyacharacters.
Soundextensionmethod.Tocopytherubbings,spreadthetransparentthinpaperontherubbings,useapentodoublehooktheoutline,andthenuseasmallfluttertoshadowtherubbings.Orcovertheoriginalrubbingwithalayerofthinpaperanddoublehookstofillinink,alsocalledXiangtuo.TheinkusedintheinscriptionsisbestinthelateQingDynastyandtheearlyRepublicofChina.Putthebrokeninkinasmallpot,addasuitableamountofcoldwater,andstirintotheinkwithawoodenstick.Itcanbeusedforwritingwithoutblurring.Inkmadeofpinetobaccoandtungoilandspices,orrefinedcalligraphyandpaintingink,isalsoagoodexampleofrubbingrubbings.Tousetobaccoandgluetomakeink,orusetobaccoandeggwhitetomakeink,youmustaddalittlespicesuchaspeppermintextractandcamphorextracttotheinktoavoidthestenchofrubbings.Itistheworstwaytodirectlyaddwaterwithmoyanzitospreadtheextension.